A minimal medium for the growth of E

A minimal medium for growth of E. coli (sources for the most needed atoms C, H, O, N, K, Mg, S

C₆H₁₂O6 glucose, a sugar

KH₂PO₄ potassium phosphate

MgSO₄ magnesium sulfate

NH₄Cl ammonium chloride

H₂O water

trace elements salts of Se, Cu, Fe, etc.

Bond types:

TYPE ENERGY TO BREAK CLASS

Covalent ~100 kcal/mole Strong

Hydrogen ~3 Weak

Ionic ~5 Weak

Hydrophobic ~2-3 Weak

Van der Waals ~1 Weak

The four types of cellular macromolecules

TYPE SPECIFIC EXAMPLE: FUNCTION MONOMER NO. of DIFFERENT MONOMERS for the example

Polysaccharides Glycogen Energy Storage glucose (a sugar) 1

Lipids Fat Energy Storage fatty acids ~8, variable

Proteins Hemoglobin Oxygen carrier amino acid 20

Nucleic acids DNA Information storage nucleotide 4

C₆H₁₂O6	glucose, a sugar
KH₂PO₄	potassium phosphate
MgSO₄	magnesium sulfate
NH₄Cl	ammonium chloride
H₂O	water
trace elements	salts of Se, Cu, Fe, etc.

TYPE	ENERGY TO BREAK	CLASS
Covalent	~100 kcal/mole	Strong
Hydrogen	~3	Weak
Ionic	~5	Weak
Hydrophobic	~2-3	Weak
Van der Waals	~1	Weak

TYPE	SPECIFIC EXAMPLE:	FUNCTION	MONOMER	NO. of DIFFERENT MONOMERS for the example
Polysaccharides	Glycogen	Energy Storage	glucose (a sugar)	1
Lipids	Fat	Energy Storage	fatty acids	~8, variable
Proteins	Hemoglobin	Oxygen carrier	amino acid	20
Nucleic acids	DNA	Information storage	nucleotide	4