Eliza S. Byard

Office hours: Th 10-12

Barnard College Department of History

422C Lehman Hall

ebyard@barnard.edu

   854-5821

                                                                                                                                     

        Lesbians and Gay Men in the Twentieth-Century United States
History BC3485y
Spring 2000

This course will introduce you to some of the key themes and issues in lesbian and gay history in the United States from the turn of the century through the 1990s. We will examine examples of different scholarly approaches to lesbian and gay history; focus on critical moments in that history over the past 100 years; and work with primary and secondary source materials in order to prepare you to write a final paper based on original research into a topic of your choosing.

Assignments

The two major assignments for this class are 1) participation in discussions of the course reading, and 2) the writing of an original research paper (20pp.). Informed participation in the discussion of the course reading will account for 40% of the final grade; the course paper will account for the remaining 60%.

1)  Discussion of the course readings will take place in class and on the course CUBBoard:

Each week, 1-2 members of the class will be responsible for posting initial questions about the course readings to the bulletin board. Others should respond to their questions or post other thoughts. The initial postings should be at least 2 paragraphs. Responses may be brief (one paragraph). Over the course of the semester, students must make one initial posting and at least 5 responses. Postings to the CUBBoard and participation in class will both contribute to the final grade for class participation (CUBBoard postings 40%, in-class participation 60%).

2) The course paper is due in the final class meeting on April 25. In order to provide some guideposts for work on the paper, I have set two preliminary assignments:

a) A three-page proposal for the final paper, due February 15. This should include a discussion of the topic you want to look into and questions you’d like to answer; a preliminary bibliography of 3-5 secondary sources to be consulted; and a one-page analysis of a primary document relevant to the topic (a photocopy of the document should be attached).  The grade for the proposal will represent 10% of the final grade for the paper.

b) An 8-10pp. draft of the paper, due March 21. This draft should demonstrate that you have consulted the appropriate secondary sources to contextualize your research, and that you have begun to work with some primary sources. The draft grade will represent 20% of the final grade for the paper.

Both preliminary assignments are required and will count toward the final paper grade.

Course Reading

Course books are available at Labyrinth Books (112th street between Broadway and Amsterdam), and on reserve in the Barnard Library.

Henry Abelove, Michele Aina Barale, and David M. Halperin, eds., The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader (New York: Routledge, 1993).

Mark Blasius and Shane Phelan, eds., We Are Everywhere: A Historical Sourcebook of Gay and Lesbian Politics (New York: Routledge, 1997).

George Chauncey, Jr., Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Making of the Gay Male World, 1890-1940 (New York: Basic Books, 1994).

Robert J. Corber, In the Name of National Security: Hitchcock, Homophobia, and the Political Construction of Gender in Postwar America (Durham: Duke University Press, 1993)

Elizabeth Lapovsky Kennedy and Madeline Davis, Boots of Leather, Slippers of Gold: The History of a Lesbian Community (New York: Penguin, 1993).

NB: Allan Berube, Coming Out Under Fire: The History of Gay Men and Women in World War II is currently out of stock. I am trying to locate used copies for the class.

Course packet of selected articles, available at Broadway Copy (Broadway between 121st and 122nd streets) and on reserve in the Barnard Library (readings marked with a * in the schedule below).

 

Schedule of Classes and Readings

January 18 Introduction: What’s wrong with the title of this course?

January 25 Sexuality in Historical Perspective
Readings: David M. Halperin, "Is There a History of Sexuality?," in Abelove et al., eds, The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader (New York: Routledge, 1993): 416-431.

John D’Emilio, "Capitalism and Gay Identity," in The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader: 467-476.

George Chauncey, Jr., "Christian Brotherhood or Sexual Perversion?: Homosexual Identities and the Construction of Sexual Boundaries in the World War I Era," from Duberman, et al., eds., Hidden From History: Reclaiming the Gay and Lesbian Past (New York: Meridian, 1990): 294-317.*

 

February 1 Women’s Sexual Identity: Looking for "Lesbians" in the Past
Readings: Martha Vicinus, "‘They Wonder to Which Sex I Belong’: The Historical Roots of the Modern Lesbian Identity," in The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader: 432- 452.

Leila J. Rupp, "‘Imagine My Surprise’: Women’s Relationships in Mid-Twentieth Century America," from Duberman, et. al., eds., Hidden From History: 395-410.*

Estelle B. Freedman, "‘The Burning of the Letters Continues’: Elusive Identities and the Historical Construction of Sexuality," Journal of Women’s History 9:4 (Winter 1998): 181-200.*

Gloria T. Hull, "‘Lines She Did Not Dare’: Angelina Weld Grimke, Harlem Renaissance Poet," The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader: 453-466.

Deborah E. McDowell, "‘It’s Not Safe. Not Safe At All’: Sexuality in Nella Larsen’s Passing," The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader: 616-625.

February 8 Identity and Authority in the Making of Gay Male Worlds
Readings: George Chauncey, Jr., Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Making of the Gay Male World, 1890-1940, Introduction, chapters 1-5, 9-12

 

February 15 Passing Women and Butch/Femme: Class and Sexual Identity
Assignment #1 due: Proposal (3pp.) for the final paper, including a one-page examination of a primary document relevant to your topic.
Readings: Elizabeth Lapovsky Kennedy and Madeline Davis, Boots of Leather, Slippers of Gold: The History of a Lesbian Community, Introduction, chapters 1-5, 9.

The San Francisco Lesbian and Gay History Project, "‘She even chewed tobacco’: A Pictorial Narrative of Passing Women in America," from Duberman, et al., eds., Hidden From History: 183-194.*

February 22 World War II: Growing Community, Growing Reaction
Readings: Allan Berube, Coming Out Under Fire: The History of Gay Men and Women in World War Two, Introduction, Chapters 1, 4, 5, 8-10.

Leisa D. Meier, "Creating G.I. Jane: The Regulation of Sexuality and Sexual Behavior in the Women’s Army Corps During World War II," Feminist Studies 18:3 (Fall 1992): 581-601.*

February 29 Cultural Production and the Repression of Homosexuality in the 1950s
Readings: U.S. Senate, "Employment of Homosexuals and Other Sex Perverts in the U.S. Government," in Blasius and Phelan, eds., We Are Everywhere: A Historical Sourcebook of Gay and Lesbian Politics: 241-251.

Robert J. Corber, In the Name of National Security: Hitchcock, Homophobia, and the Political Construction of Gender in Postwar America, Introduction, chapters 1, 2, 6, and Conclusion.

Film: Strangers on a Train
Screening on February 28

March 7 The Rise of a Political Movement: From the Homophiles to Gay Liberation
Readings: Blasius and Phelan, eds., We Are Everywhere, 239-240, 283-366, 377-388.

The Mattachine Society: 283-308.

One: 309-326.

Daughters of Bilitis: 327-366.

Gay Liberation and Lesbian Feminism: 377-388.

Terence Kissack, "Freaking Fag Revolutionaries: New York’s Gay Liberation Front, 1969-1971," Radical History Review 62 (1995): 104-134.*

 

March 14 Spring Break

 

March 21
Assignment #2 due: 8-10 page draft of course research paper.
Readings: Blasius and Phelan, eds., We Are Everywhere: 396-412; 420-435; 443-453; 459-468, 472-510.

"The Woman-Identified Woman" through "Policy on Gay Recruitment": 396-412.

"Lesbians in Revolt" through "Lesbianism and Feminism": 420-435.

"The Anita Bryant Brigade" through "The Hope Speech": 443-453.

"The Case for Abolishing the Age of Consent Laws": 459-468.

"I Am Your Sister: Black Women Organizing Across Sexualities" through "Lesbian Feminism and the Gay Rights Movement": 472-510.

Film: The Times of Harvey Milk

Screening on March 20

March 28 ACT UP, Outing and the Rise of the Right: Life and Death in the 1980s

March 28
Readings: Blasius and Phelan, eds., We Are Everywhere: 577-659; 669-677; 767-770; 773-780.

"1,112 and Counting" through "Gay Lib vs. AIDS": 577-659.

"Lesbian Leadership and Lesbian Denial in the AIDS Epidemic": 669-677.

"Is ‘Outing’ Gays Ethical?" and "Who Should Open the Closet Door?": 767-770.

"Queers Read This; I Hate Straights": 773-780.

Bowers v. Hardwick (1986), majority and dissenting opinions, selected news articles.*

Phillip Brian Harper, "Eloquence and Epitaph: Black Nationalism and the Homophobic Impulse in Responses to the Death of Max Robinson," The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader: 159-175.

Film: Segments of Stop the Church and The Gay Agenda

Screening in class

April 4 Homosexuality, Identity and the Law: Recent Cases and Controversies
Readings: Blasius and Phelan, eds., We Are Everywhere: 753-761.

"Why Gay People Should Seek the Right to Marry" and "Since When Is Marriage a Path to Liberation?": 753-761

Other readings to be distributed in class on 3/28.

 

April 18 Paper consultations

 

April 11 Paper consultations

 

April 25 Discussion of student research projects

Final papers (20pp.) due in class