Biography Mark C. Carnes, professor (BarnardCollege), specializes in modern American social and gender history. He received his B.A. from Harvard (1974) and his Ph.D. from Columbia (1982). His books include: Mapping America’s Past (1996); Past Imperfect: History According to the Movies (ed., 1995); History of American Life (ed., 1996); Meanings for Manhood: Constructions of Masculinity in Victorian America (ed., 1990); Secret Ritual and Manhood in Victorian America (1989); and The Compensations of War (1985). He was general editor, with John Garraty, of the 24-volume American National Biography (1999). He is currently working on a book on the history of gender and visual perception in Victorian America.
