Columbia University Libraries Text Encoding Schema

Appendix C Element catalogue

Appendix C.1 TEI [element]

Description: (TEI document) contains a single TEI-conformant document, comprising a TEI header and a text, either in isolation or as part of a teiCorpus element.

Declaration:

<element name="TEI">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="TEI.attributes.version"/>
 <group>
  <ref name="tei.teiHeader"/>
  <ref name="tei.teiText"/>
 </group>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

xmlns: The TEI default namespace
version: The version of the TEI scheme

Example:

 <TEI>
  <teiHeader>
   <fileDesc>
    <titleStmt>
     <title>The shortest TEI Document Imaginable</title>
    </titleStmt>
    <publicationStmt>
     <p>First published as part of TEI P2.</p>
    </publicationStmt>
    <sourceDesc>
     <p>No source: this is an original work.</p>
    </sourceDesc>
   </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
   <body>
    <p>This is about the shortest TEI document imaginable.</p>
   </body>
  </text>
 </TEI>

This element is required.

Module: core

Appendix C.2 ab [element]

Description: (anonymous block) contains any arbitrary component-level unit of text, acting as an anonymous container for phrase or inter level elements analogous to, but without the semantic baggage of, a paragraph.

Classes: tei.segment: tei.chunk: tei.typed

Declaration:

<element name="ab">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.typed.attributes"/>
 <ref name="ab.attributes.part"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.segment: tei.chunk: tei.typed)

part

specifies whether or not the block is complete. Legal values are:

Y: the block is incomplete
N: either the block is complete, or no claim is made as to its completeness
I: the initial part of an incomplete block
M: a medial part of an incomplete block
F: the final part of an incomplete block

Example:

The <ab> element may be used at the encoder's discretion to mark any component-level elements in a text for which no other more specific appropriate markup is defined.

Module: linking

Appendix C.3 abbr [element]

Description: (abbreviation) contains an abbreviation of any sort.

Classes: tei.data: tei.chooseable

Declaration:

<element name="abbr">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="abbr.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.data: tei.chooseable)

type

allows the encoder to classify the abbreviation according to some convenient typology. Sample values include:

suspension: the abbreviation provides the first letter(s) of the word or phrase, omitting the remainder.
contraction: the abbreviation omits some letter(s) in the middle.
brevigraph: the abbreviation comprises a special symbol or mark.
superscription: the abbreviation includes writing above the line.
acronym: the abbreviation comprises the initial letters of the words of a phrase.
title: the abbreviation is for a title of address (Dr, Ms, Mr, …)
organization: the abbreviation is for the name of an organization.
geographic: the abbreviation is for a geographic name.

Example:

 <abbr>SPQR</abbr>

Example:

 <choice>
  <abbr>SPQR</abbr>
  <expan>senatus populusque romanorum</expan>
 </choice>

The <abbr> tag is not required; if appropriate, the encoder may transcribe abbreviations in the source text silently, without tagging them. If abbreviations are not transcribed directly but expanded silently, then the TEI header should so indicate.

For a typology of Middle English abbreviations, see A. G. Petty, English literary hands from Chaucer to Dryden (London: Edward Arnold, 1977), pp. 22–25.

Module: core

Appendix C.4 add [element]

Description: (addition) contains letters, words, or phrases inserted in the text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.

Classes: tei.edit

Declaration:

<element name="add">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="add.attributes.place"/>
 <ref name="add.attributes.resp"/>
 <ref name="add.attributes.cert"/>
 <ref name="add.attributes.hand"/>
 <ref name="macro.specialPara"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.edit)

place

if the the addition is written into the copy text, indicates where the additional text is written. Suggested values include:

inline: addition is made in a space left in the witness by an earlier scribe
supralinear: addition is made above the line
infralinear: addition is made below the line
left: addition is made in left margin
right: addition is made in right margin
top: addition is made in top margin
bottom: addition is made in bottom margin
opposite: addition is made on opposite page
verso: addition is made on verso of sheet
mixed: addition is made somewhere, one or more of other values

resp

signifies the editor or transcriber responsible for identifying the hand of the addition.

cert

signifies the degree of certainty ascribed to the identification of the hand of the addition.

hand

signifies the hand of the agent which made the addition.

Example:

The <add> tag should not be used for additions made by editors or encoders. In these cases, either the <corr> tag or the <supplied> tag should be used.

Module: core

Appendix C.5 addrLine [element]

Description: contains one line of a postal or other address.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="addrLine">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <address>
  <addrLine>Computing Center, MC 135</addrLine>
  <addrLine>P.O. Box 6998</addrLine>
  <addrLine>Chicago, IL</addrLine>
  <addrLine>60680 USA</addrLine>
 </address>

Addresses may be encoded either as a sequence of lines, or using any sequence of address component elements.

Module: core

Appendix C.6 address [element]

Description: contains a postal or other address, for example of a publisher, an organization, or an individual.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.data

Declaration:

<element name="address">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <oneOrMore>
    <ref name="addrLine"/>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </oneOrMore>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.addrPart"/>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </choice>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <address>
  <street>via Marsala 24</street>
  <postCode>40126</postCode>
  <name>Bologna</name>
  <name n="I">Italy</name>
 </address>

Example:

 <address>
  <addrLine>Computing Center, MC 135</addrLine>
  <addrLine>P.O. Box 6998</addrLine>
  <addrLine>Chicago, IL  60680</addrLine>
  <addrLine>USA</addrLine>
 </address>

If given as running prose, use a consistent format wherever possible, for example separating lines of the address by commas, and including any postal code in the standard form.

Addresses may be encoded either as a sequence of lines, or using any sequence of address component elements.

Module: core

Appendix C.7 alt [element]

Description: (alternation) identifies an alternation or a set of choices among elements or passages.

Classes: tei.pointer: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="alt">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.pointer.attributes"/>
 <ref name="alt.attributes.targets"/>
 <ref name="alt.attributes.mode"/>
 <ref name="alt.attributes.weights"/>
 <ref name="alt.attributes.wScale"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.pointer: tei.metadata)

targets

specifies the identifiers of the alternative elements or passages.

mode

states whether the alternations gathered in this collection are exclusive or inclusive. Legal values are:

excl: indicates that the alternation is exclusive, i.e. that at most one of the alternatives occurs.
incl: indicates that the alternation is not exclusive, i.e. that one or more of the alternatives occur.

weights

If mode is excl, each weight states the probability that the corresponding alternative occurs. If mode="incl" each weight states the probability that the corresponding alternative occurs given that at least one of the other alternatives occurs.

wScale

indicates the scale used to express the value of the weights attribute value. Legal values are:

perc: indicates that the weights are expressed as percentages.
real: indicates that the weights are expressed as values between 0 and 1.

Example:

 <alt mode="excl" targets="#we.fun #we.sun" weights="50 50"/>

Module: linking

Appendix C.8 altGrp [element]

Description: (alternation group) groups a collection of alt elements and possibly pointers.

Classes: tei.pointerGroup: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="altGrp">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.pointerGroup.attributes"/>
 <ref name="altGrp.attributes.mode"/>
 <ref name="altGrp.attributes.wScale"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="alt"/>
   <ref name="ptr"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.pointerGroup: tei.metadata)

mode

states whether the alternations gathered in this collection are exclusive or inclusive. Legal values are:

excl: indicates that the alternation is exclusive, i.e. that at most one of the alternatives occurs.
incl: indicates that the alternation is not exclusive, i.e. that one or more of the alternatives occur.

wScale

indicates the scale used to express the value of the weights attribute value. Legal values are:

perc: indicates that the weights are expressed as percentages.
real: indicates that the weights are expressed as values between 0 and 1.

Example:

 <altGrp mode="excl">
  <alt targets="#dm #lt #bb" weights="50 25 25"/>
  <alt targets="#rl #db" weights="50 50"/>
 </altGrp>

Example:

 <altGrp mode="incl" wScale="perc">
  <alt targets="#dm #rl" weights="90 90"/>
  <alt targets="#lt #rl" weights="5 5"/>
  <alt targets="#bb #rl" weights="5 5"/>
  <alt targets="#dm #db" weights="10 10"/>
  <alt targets="#lt #db" weights="45 90"/>
  <alt targets="#bb #db" weights="45 90"/>
 </altGrp>

Any number of alternations, pointers or extended pointers.

Module: linking

Appendix C.9 altIdent [element]

Description: supplies the recommended XML name for an element, class, attribute, etc. in some language.

Classes: tei.typed

Declaration:

<element name="altIdent">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.typed.attributes"/>
 <text/>
</element>

Attributes: Global attributes and those inherited from : tei.typed

Example:

 <altIdent lang="fr">balisageDoc</altIdent>

All documentation elements in ODD have a canonical name, supplied as the value for their ident attribute. The <altIdent> element is used to supply an alternative name for the corresponding XML object, perhaps in a different language.

Module: core

Appendix C.10 analytic [element]

Description: (analytic level) contains bibliographic elements describing an item (e.g. an article or poem) published within a monograph or journal and not as an independent publication.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="analytic">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="author"/>
   <ref name="editor"/>
   <ref name="respStmt"/>
   <ref name="title"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

May contain titles and statements of responsibility (author, editor, or other), in any order.

The <analytic> element may occur only within bibliographic citation or reference elements; it is mandatory for description of the analytic level of <biblStruct> elements.

Module: core

Appendix C.11 anchor [element]

Description: (anchor point) attaches an identifier to a point within a text, whether or not it corresponds with a textual element.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.Incl: tei.typed

Declaration:

<element name="anchor">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.typed.attributes"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Example:

 <s>The anchor is he<anchor id="A234"/>re somewhere.</s>
 <s>Help me find it.<ptr target="#A234"/>
 </s>

On this element, the global xml:id attribute must be supplied to specify an identifier for the point at which this element occurs within a document. The value used may be chosen freely provided that it is unique within the document and is a syntactically valid name. There is no requirement for values containing numbers to be in sequence.

Module: linking

Appendix C.12 argument [element]

Description: A formal list or prose description of the topics addressed by a subdivision of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divtop: tei.fmchunk

Declaration:

<element name="argument">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <optional>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="head"/>
  </optional>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <group>
    <ref name="macro.component"/>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </group>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <argument>
  <p>Monte Video — Maldonado — Excursion
   to R Polanco — Lazo and Bolas — Partridges —
   Absence of Trees — Deer — Capybara, or River Hog —
   Tucutuco — Molothrus, cuckoo-like habits — Tyrant
   Flycatcher — Mocking-bird — Carrion Hawks —
   Tubes formed by Lightning — House struck</p>
 </argument>

Often contains either a list or a paragraph

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.13 author [element]

Description: in a bibliographic reference, contains the name of the author(s), personal or corporate, of a work; the primary statement of responsibility for any bibliographic item.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="author">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <author>British Broadcasting Corporation</author>
 <author>La Fayette, Marie Madeleine Pioche de la Vergne,
        comtesse de (1634–1693)</author>

Particularly where cataloguing is likely to be based on the content of the header, it is advisable to use generally recognized authority lists for the exact form of personal names.

In the case of a broadcast, use this element for the name of the company or network which broadcasts the program.

Module: core

Appendix C.14 authority [element]

Description: (release authority) supplies the name of a person or other agency responsible for making an electronic file available, other than a publisher or distributor.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="authority">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <authority>John Smith</authority>

Module: header

Appendix C.15 availability [element]

Description: supplies information about the availability of a text, for example any restrictions on its use or distribution, its copyright status, etc.

Declaration:

<element name="availability">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="availability.attributes.status"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

status

supplies a code identifying the current availability of the text. Legal values are:

free: the text is freely available.
unknown: the status of the text is unknown.
restricted: the text is not freely available.

Example:

 <availability status="restricted">
  <p>Available for academic research purposes only.</p>
 </availability>
 <availability status="free">
  <p>In the public domain</p>
 </availability>
 <availability status="restricted">
  <p>Available under licence from the publishers.</p>
 </availability>

A consistent format should be adopted

Module: header

Appendix C.16 back [element]

Description: (back matter) contains any appendixes, etc. following the main part of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="back">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.front"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <optional>
   <choice>
    <group>
     <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <choice>
       <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
       <ref name="titlePage"/>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </choice>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </group>
    <group>
     <ref name="div"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <choice>
       <ref name="div"/>
       <ref name="tei.front"/>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </choice>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </group>
    <group>
     <ref name="div1"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <choice>
       <ref name="div1"/>
       <ref name="tei.front"/>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </choice>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </group>
   </choice>
  </optional>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="trailer"/>
    <ref name="closer"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <back>
  <div1 type="appendix">
   <head>The Golden Dream or, the Ingenuous Confession</head>
   <p>To shew the Depravity of human Nature</p>
  </div1>
  <div1 type="epistle">
   <head>A letter from the Printer, which he desires
            may be inserted</head>
   <salute>Sir.</salute>
   <p>I have done with your Copy, so you may return
              it to the Vatican, if you please</p>
  </div1>
  <div1 type="advert">
   <head>The Books usually read by the Scholars
           of Mrs Two-Shoes are these and are sold at Mr
           Newbery's at the Bible and Sun in St Paul's
           Church-yard.</head>
   <list>
    <item n="1">The Christmas Box, Price 1d.</item>
    <item n="2">The History of Giles Gingerbread, 1d.</item>
    <item n="42">A Curious Collection of Travels, selected
               from the Writers of all Nations, 10 Vol, Pr. bound 1l.</item>
   </list>
  </div1>
  <div1 type="advert">
   <head>
    <hi rend="center">By the KING's Royal Patent,</hi>
             Are sold by J. NEWBERY, at the Bible and Sun in
             St. Paul's Church-Yard.</head>
   <list>
    <item n="1">Dr. James's Powders for Fevers, the
                Small-Pox, Measles, Colds, &c. 2s. 6d</item>
    <item n="2">Dr. Hooper's Female Pills, 1s.</item>
   </list>
  </div1>
 </back>

The content model of back matter is identical to that of front matter, reflecting the facts of cultural history.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.17 bibl [element]

Description: (bibliographic citation) contains a loosely-structured bibliographic citation of which the sub-components may or may not be explicitly tagged.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.bibl: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="bibl">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <text/>
   <ref name="tei.phrase"/>
   <ref name="tei.biblPart"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <bibl>Blain, Clements and Grundy: Feminist Companion to Literature in
  English (Yale, 1990)</bibl>

Example:

 <bibl>
  <title level="a">The Interesting story of the Children in the Wood</title>.
    In <author>Victor E Neuberg</author>, <title>The Penny Histories</title>.
    <publisher>OUP</publisher>
  <date>1968</date>.
  </bibl>

Contains phrase-level elements, together with any combination of elements from the biblPart class

Module: core

Appendix C.18 biblFull [element]

Description: contains a fully-structured bibliographic citation, in which all components of the TEI file description are present.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.bibl: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="biblFull">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <group>
   <ref name="titleStmt"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </group>
  <optional>
   <ref name="editionStmt"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
  <optional>
   <ref name="extent"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
  <group>
   <ref name="publicationStmt"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </group>
  <optional>
   <ref name="seriesStmt"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
  <optional>
   <ref name="notesStmt"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="sourceDesc"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <biblFull>
  <titleStmt>
   <title>The Feminist Companion to Literature in English:
                women writers from the middle ages to the present</title>
   <author>Blain, Virginia</author>
   <author>Clements, Patricia</author>
   <author>Grundy, Isobel</author>
  </titleStmt>
  <editionStmt>
   <edition>UK edition</edition>
  </editionStmt>
  <extent>1231 pp</extent>
  <publicationStmt>
   <publisher>Yale University Press</publisher>
   <pubPlace>New Haven and London</pubPlace>
   <date>1990</date>
  </publicationStmt>
  <sourceDesc>
   <p>No source: this is an original work</p>
  </sourceDesc>
 </biblFull>

Module: core

Appendix C.19 biblScope [element]

Description: (scope of citation) defines the scope of a bibliographic reference, for example as a list of pagenumbers, or a named subdivision of a larger work.

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="biblScope">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="biblScope.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.biblPart)

type

identifies the type of information conveyed by the element, e.g. ‘pages’, ‘volume’. Suggested values include:

volume: the element contains a volume number.
issue: the element contains an issue number, or volume and issue numbers.
pages: the element contains a page number or page range.
chapter: the element contains a chapter indication (number and/or title)
part: the element identifies a part of a book or collection.

Example:

 <biblScope>pp 12–34</biblScope>
 <biblScope type="vol">II</biblScope>
 <biblScope type="pp">12</biblScope>

Module: core

Appendix C.20 biblStruct [element]

Description: (structured bibliographic citation) contains a structured bibliographic citation, in which only bibliographic subelements appear and in a specified order.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.bibl: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="biblStruct">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <optional>
   <ref name="analytic"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
  <oneOrMore>
   <group>
    <ref name="monogr"/>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </group>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="series"/>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </oneOrMore>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <group>
     <ref name="note"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </group>
    <group>
     <ref name="idno"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </group>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <biblStruct>
  <monogr>
   <author>Blain, Virginia</author>
   <author>Clements, Patricia</author>
   <author>Grundy, Isobel</author>
   <title>The Feminist Companion to Literature in
                 English: women writers from the middle ages
                 to the present</title>
   <edition>first edition</edition>
   <imprint>
    <publisher>Yale University Press</publisher>
    <pubPlace>New Haven and London</pubPlace>
    <date>1990</date>
   </imprint>
  </monogr>
 </biblStruct>

Module: core

Appendix C.21 body [element]

Description: (text body) contains the whole body of a single unitary text, excluding any front or back matter.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="body">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <group>
    <oneOrMore>
     <ref name="macro.component"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </oneOrMore>
    <group>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="divGen"/>
      <zeroOrMore>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </zeroOrMore>
     </zeroOrMore>
     <optional>
      <choice>
       <group>
        <ref name="div"/>
        <zeroOrMore>
         <choice>
          <ref name="div"/>
          <ref name="divGen"/>
          <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
         </choice>
        </zeroOrMore>
       </group>
       <group>
        <ref name="div0"/>
        <zeroOrMore>
         <choice>
          <ref name="div0"/>
          <ref name="divGen"/>
          <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
         </choice>
        </zeroOrMore>
       </group>
       <group>
        <ref name="div1"/>
        <zeroOrMore>
         <choice>
          <ref name="div1"/>
          <ref name="divGen"/>
          <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
         </choice>
        </zeroOrMore>
       </group>
      </choice>
     </optional>
    </group>
   </group>
   <group>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="divGen"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </zeroOrMore>
    <choice>
     <group>
      <ref name="div"/>
      <zeroOrMore>
       <choice>
        <ref name="div"/>
        <ref name="divGen"/>
        <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
       </choice>
      </zeroOrMore>
     </group>
     <group>
      <ref name="div0"/>
      <zeroOrMore>
       <choice>
        <ref name="div0"/>
        <ref name="divGen"/>
        <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
       </choice>
      </zeroOrMore>
     </group>
     <group>
      <ref name="div1"/>
      <zeroOrMore>
       <choice>
        <ref name="div1"/>
        <ref name="divGen"/>
        <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
       </choice>
      </zeroOrMore>
     </group>
    </choice>
   </group>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.22 broadcast [element]

Description: (broadcast) describes a broadcast used as the source of a spoken text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="broadcast">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <choice>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="p"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <ref name="bibl"/>
  <ref name="biblStruct"/>
  <ref name="biblFull"/>
  <ref name="recording"/>
 </choice>
</element>

Example:

 <broadcast>
  <bibl>
   <author>Radio Trent</author>
   <title>Gone Tomorrow</title>
   <respStmt>
    <resp>Presenter</resp>
    <name>Tim Maby</name>
   </respStmt>
   <respStmt>
    <resp>Producer</resp>
    <name>Mary Kerr</name>
   </respStmt>
   <date value="1989-06-12T12:30:00">12 June 89, 1230 pm</date>
  </bibl>
 </broadcast>

Module: header

Appendix C.23 byline [element]

Description: contains the primary statement of responsibility given for a work on its title page or at the head or end of the work.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divtop: tei.divbot: tei.tpParts: tei.fmchunk

Declaration:

<element name="byline">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <text/>
   <ref name="tei.phrase"/>
   <ref name="docAuthor"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <byline>Written by a CITIZEN who continued all the
  while in London. Never made publick before.</byline>

Example:

 <byline>Written from her own MEMORANDUMS</byline>

Example:

 <byline>By George Jones, Political Editor, in Washington</byline>

Example:

 <dateline>Zagreb:</dateline>
 <byline>de notre envoyé spécial.</byline>

Example:

 <byline>BY
  <docAuthor>THOMAS PHILIPOTT,</docAuthor>
  Master of Arts,
  (Somtimes)
  Of Clare-Hall in Cambridge.</byline>

The byline on a title page may include either the name or a description for the document's author. Where the name is included, it may optionally be tagged using the <docAuthor> element.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.24 c [element]

Description: (character) represents a character.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.seg

Declaration:

<element name="c">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.seg.attributes"/>
 <text/>
</element>

Example:

 <c type="punctuation">?</c>

Character data. Should only contain a single character or an entity that represents a single character.

Module: analysis

Appendix C.25 catDesc [element]

Description: (category description) describes some category within a taxonomy or text typology, either in the form of a brief prose description or in terms of the situational parameters used by the TEI formal textDesc.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="catDesc">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <text/>
   <ref name="tei.phrase"/>
   <ref name="tei.categorize"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <catDesc>Prose reportage</catDesc>

Example:

 <catDesc>
  <textDesc n="novel">
   <channel mode="w">print; part issues</channel>
   <constitution type="single"/>
   <derivation type="original"/>
   <domain type="art"/>
   <factuality type="fiction"/>
   <interaction type="none"/>
   <preparedness type="prepared"/>
   <purpose type="entertain" degree="high"/>
   <purpose type="inform" degree="medium"/>
  </textDesc>
 </catDesc>

Module: header

Appendix C.26 catRef [element]

Description: (category reference) specifies one or more defined categories within some taxonomy or text typology.

Declaration:

<element name="catRef">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="catRef.attributes.target"/>
 <ref name="catRef.attributes.scheme"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

target: identifies the categories concerned
scheme: identifies the classification scheme within which the set of categories concerned is defined

Example:

 <catRef target="#ba #c1" scheme="#s1"/>

The scheme attribute need be supplied only if more than one taxonomy has been declared

Module: header

Appendix C.27 category [element]

Description: (category) contains an individual descriptive category, possibly nested within a superordinate category, within a user-defined taxonomy.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="category">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <ref name="catDesc"/>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="category"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <category id="b1">
  <catDesc>Prose reportage</catDesc>
 </category>

Example:

 <category id="b2">
  <catDesc>Prose</catDesc>
  <category id="b11">
   <catDesc>reportage</catDesc>
  </category>
  <category id="b12">
   <catDesc>fiction</catDesc>
  </category>
 </category>

Module: header

Appendix C.28 cb [element]

Description: (column break) marks the boundary between one column of a text and the next in a standard reference system.

Classes: tei.refsys

Declaration:

<element name="cb">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="cb.attributes.ed"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.refsys)

ed: indicates the edition or version in which the column break is located at this point

Example:

On this element, the global n attribute indicates the number or other value associated with the column which follows the point of insertion of this <cb> element. Encoders should adopt a clear and consistent policy as to whether the numbers associated with column breaks relate to the physical sequence number of the column in the whole text, or whether columns are numbered within the page. By convention, the <cb> element is placed at the head of the column to which it refers.

Module: core

Appendix C.29 cell [element]

Description: contains one cell of a table.

Declaration:

<element name="cell">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="cell.attributes.role"/>
 <ref name="cell.attributes.rows"/>
 <ref name="cell.attributes.cols"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

role

indicates the kind of information held in the cell. Suggested values include:

label: labelling or descriptive information only.
data: data values.

rows

indicates the number of rows occupied by this cell.

cols

indicates the number of columns occupied by this cell.

Example:

 <row>
  <cell role="label">General conduct</cell>
  <cell role="data">Not satisfactory, on account of his great unpunctuality
                        and inattention to duties</cell>
 </row>

Module: figures

Appendix C.30 change [element]

Description: summarizes a particular change or correction made to a particular version of an electronic text which is shared between several researchers.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="change">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <ref name="date"/>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="respStmt"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <ref name="item"/>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <change n="P2.2">
  <date>21 Dec 91</date>
  <respStmt>
   <name>LB</name>
   <resp>ed.</resp>
  </respStmt>
  <item>Added examples to section 3</item>
 </change>
 <change>
  <date>11 Nov 91</date>
  <respStmt>
   <name>LB</name>
   <resp>ed.</resp>
  </respStmt>
  <respStmt>
   <name>SB</name>
   <resp>ed.</resp>
  </respStmt>
  <item>Deleted chapter 10</item>
 </change>

Changes should be recorded in a consistent order, for example with the most recent first.

Module: header

Appendix C.31 choice [element]

Description: groups a number of alternative encodings for the same point in a text.

Classes: tei.edit: tei.chooseable

Declaration:

<element name="choice">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <group>
   <ref name="tei.chooseable"/>
  </group>
  <group>
   <oneOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.chooseable"/>
   </oneOrMore>
  </group>
 </group>
</element>

Attributes: Global attributes and those inherited from : tei.edit: tei.chooseable

Example:

An American encoding of Gulliver's Travels which retains the British spelling but also provides a version regularized to American spelling might be encoded as follows.

 <p>Lastly, That, upon his solemn oath to observe all the above
     articles, the said man-mountain shall have a daily allowance of
     meat and drink sufficient for the support of <choice>
   <sic>1724</sic>
   <corr>1728</corr>
  </choice> of our subjects,
     with free access to our royal person, and other marks of our
     <choice>
   <orig>favour</orig>
   <reg>favor</reg>
  </choice>.</p>

Because the children of a <choice> element all represent alternative ways of encoding the same sequence, it is natural to think of them as mutually exclusive. However, there may be cases where a full representation of a text requires the alternative encodings to be considered as parallel.

Note also that <choice> elements may self-nest.

For a specialized version of <choice> for encoding multiple witnesses of a single source, see section .

Module: core

Appendix C.32 cit [element]

Description: A quotation from some other document, together with a bibliographic reference to its source.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.hqinter

Declaration:

<element name="cit">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="q"/>
   <ref name="quote"/>
   <ref name="tei.bibl"/>
   <ref name="tei.loc"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <cit>
  <quote>and the breath of the whale is frequently
   attended with such an insupportable smell, as to
   bring on disorder of the brain.</quote>
  <bibl>Ulloa's South America</bibl>
 </cit>

Must contain a single quote and a single bibliographic reference in either order

Module: core

Appendix C.33 cl [element]

Description: (clause) represents a grammatical clause.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.seg

Declaration:

<element name="cl">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.seg.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <cl type="relative" function="clause modifier">Which frightened
   both the heroes so,<cl>They quite forgot their quarrel.</cl>
 </cl>

Module: analysis

Appendix C.34 classCode [element]

Description: (classCode) contains the classification code used for this text in some standard classification system.

Declaration:

<element name="classCode">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="classCode.attributes.scheme"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

scheme: identifies the classification system or taxonomy in use.

Example:

 <classCode scheme="#DDC12">410</classCode>

Module: header

Appendix C.35 classDecl [element]

Description: (classification declarations) contains one or more taxonomies defining any classificatory codes used elsewhere in the text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.encoding

Declaration:

<element name="classDecl">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="taxonomy"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

Module: header

Appendix C.36 closer [element]

Description: groups together dateline, byline, salutation, and similar phrases appearing as a final group at the end of a division, especially of a letter.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divbot

Declaration:

<element name="closer">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <text/>
   <ref name="signed"/>
   <ref name="dateline"/>
   <ref name="salute"/>
   <ref name="tei.phrase"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <div type="letter">
  <p>perhaps you will favour me with a sight
    of it when convenient.</p>
  <closer>
   <salute>I remain, &c. &c.</salute>
   <signed>H. Colburn</signed>
  </closer>
 </div>

Example:

 <div type="chapter">
  <p>and his heart was going like mad and yes
    I said yes I will Yes.</p>
  <closer>
   <dateline>
    <name type="place">Trieste-Zürich-Paris,</name>
    <date>1914–1921</date>
   </dateline>
  </closer>
 </div>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.37 corr [element]

Description: (correction) contains the correct form of a passage apparently erroneous in the copy text.

Classes: tei.edit: tei.chooseable

Declaration:

<element name="corr">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="corr.attributes.resp"/>
 <ref name="corr.attributes.cert"/>
 <ref name="macro.specialPara"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.edit: tei.chooseable)

resp: signifies the editor or transcriber responsible for suggesting the correction held as the content of the <corr> element.
cert: signifies the degree of certainty ascribed to the correction held as the content of the <corr> element.

Example:

If all that is desired is to call attention to the fact that the copy text has been corrected, <corr> may be used alone:

I don't know, Juan. It's so far in the past now —
 how <corr>can we</corr> prove or disprove anyone's theories?

Example:

It is also possible to identify the individual responsible for the correction, and, using the <choice> and <sic> elements, to provide a correct reading:

I don't know, Juan. It's so far in the past now —
 how <choice>
  <sic>we can</sic>
  <corr resp="MSM">can we</corr>
 </choice> prove or
 disprove anyone's theories?

Note that order of elements within a <choice> element is constrained: elements such as <sic> always precede elements such as <corr>.

Module: core

Appendix C.38 correction [element]

Description: (correction principles) states how and under what circumstances corrections have been made in the text.

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="correction">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <ref name="correction.attributes.status"/>
 <ref name="correction.attributes.method"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.declarable)

status

indicates the degree of correction applied to the text. Legal values are:

high: the text has been thoroughly checked and proofread.
medium: the text has been checked at least once.
low: the text has not been checked.
unknown: the correction status of the text is unknown.

method

indicates the method adopted to indicate corrections within the text. Legal values are:

silent: corrections have been made silently
tags: corrections have been represented using editorial tags

Example:

 <correction>
  <p>Errors in transcription controlled by using the
   WordPerfect spelling checker, with a user defined dictionary of 500
   extra words taken from Chambers Twentieth Century Dictionary.</p>
 </correction>

May be used to note the results of proof reading the text against its original, indicating (for example) whether discrepancies have been silently rectified, or recorded using the editorial tags described in section .

Module: header

Appendix C.39 creation [element]

Description: contains information about the creation of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="creation">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <creation>
  <date>Before 1987</date>
 </creation>
 <creation>
  <date value="1988-07-10">10 July 1988</date>
 </creation>

Character data and phrase-level elements.

The <creation> element may be used to record details of a text's creation, e.g. the date and place it was composed, if these are of interest; it should not be confused with the <publicationStmt> element, which records date and place of publication.

Module: header

Appendix C.40 date [element]

Description: contains a date in any format.

Classes: tei.data: tei.date

Declaration:

<element name="date">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="date.attributes.calendar"/>
 <ref name="date.attributes.value"/>
 <ref name="date.attributes.certainty"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.data: tei.date)

calendar: indicates the system or calendar to which the date belongs.
value: gives the value of the date in standard form, i.e. yyyy-mm-dd.
certainty: indicates the degree of precision to be attributed to the date.

Example:

 <date value="1980-02" certainty="approx">early February 1980</date>

Example:

Given on the <date value="1977-06-12">Twelfth Day of June
  in the Year of Our Lord One Thousand Nine Hundred and
  Seventy-seven of the Republic the Two Hundredth and first
  and of the University the Eighty-Sixth.</date>

Example:

 <date value="1990-09">September 1990</date>

Module: core

Appendix C.41 dateRange [element]

Description: (date range) contains two dates or another phrase delimiting a time period.

Classes: tei.data: tei.date

Declaration:

<element name="dateRange">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="dateRange.attributes.calendar"/>
 <ref name="dateRange.attributes.from"/>
 <ref name="dateRange.attributes.to"/>
 <ref name="dateRange.attributes.exact"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.data: tei.date)

calendar

indicates the system or calendar to which the date belongs.

from

indicates the starting point of the period in standard form.

to

indicates the ending point of the period in standard form.

exact

indicates the precision to be attached to either or both dates specified. Legal values are:

to: the to date is exact
from: the from date is exact
both: both dates are exact
none: both dates are approximate or unspecified

Example:

He edited (<dateRange from="1846" to="1848">1846–48</dateRange>)
 the first collection of Hungarian folk poetry.

Module: core

Appendix C.42 dateline [element]

Description: contains a brief description of the place, date, time, etc. of production of a letter, newspaper story, or other work, prefixed or suffixed to it as a kind of heading or trailer.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divtop: tei.divbot

Declaration:

<element name="dateline">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <text/>
   <ref name="date"/>
   <ref name="time"/>
   <ref name="name"/>
   <ref name="address"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <dateline>Walden, this 29. of August 1592</dateline>

Example:

 <div type="chapter">
  <p>and his heart was going like mad and yes
    I said yes I will Yes.</p>
  <closer>
   <dateline>
    <name type="place">Trieste-Zürich-Paris,</name>
    <date>1914–1921</date>
   </dateline>
  </closer>
 </div>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.43 del [element]

Description: (deletion) contains a letter, word or passage deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.

Classes: tei.edit

Declaration:

<element name="del">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="del.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="del.attributes.status"/>
 <ref name="del.attributes.resp"/>
 <ref name="del.attributes.cert"/>
 <ref name="del.attributes.hand"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.edit)

type: classifies the type of deletion using any convenient typology.
status: may be used to indicate faulty deletions, e.g. strikeouts which include too much or too little text.
resp: signifies the editor or transcriber responsible for identifying the hand of the deletion.
cert: signifies the degree of certainty ascribed to the identification of the hand of the deletion.
hand: signifies the hand of the agent which made the deletion.

Example:

 <l>
  <del rend="overtyped">Mein</del> Frisch
  <del rend="overstrike" type="primary">schwebt</del> weht der Wind</l>

Cf. <gap>.

Degrees of uncertainty over what can still be read may be indicated by use of the <certainty> element (see ).

This element should be used for deletion of shorter sequences of text, typically single words or phrases. The <delSpan> element should be used for longer sequences of text, for those containing structural subdivisions, and for those containing overlapping additions and deletions.

The text deleted must be at least partially legible, in order for the encoder to be able to transcribe it. If it is not legible at all, the <del> tag should not be used. Rather, the <gap> tag should be employed to signal that text cannot be transcribed, with the value of the reason attribute giving the cause for the omission from the transcription as deletion. If it is not fully legible, the <unclear> element (available when using the additional tagset for transcription of primary sources) should be used to signal the areas of text which cannot be read with confidence. See further sections and, for the close association of the <del> tag with the <gap>, <damage>, <unclear> and <supplied> elements (the latter three tags available when using the additional tagset for transcription of primary sources), .

The <del> tag should not be used for deletions made by editors or encoders. In these cases, either the <corr> tag or the <gap> tag should be used.

Module: core

Appendix C.44 desc [element]

Description: (description) contains a brief description of the purpose and application for an element, attribute, or attribute value.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="desc">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Example:

 <desc>contains a brief description of the purpose and application for
  an element, attribute, attribute value, class, or entity.</desc>

TEI convention requires that this be expressed as a finite clause, begining with an active verb.

Module: core

Appendix C.45 distinct [element]

Description: (distinct) identifies any word or phrase which is regarded as linguistically distinct, for example as archaic, technical, dialectal, non-preferred, etc., or as forming part of a sublanguage.

Classes: tei.hqphrase

Declaration:

<element name="distinct">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="distinct.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="distinct.attributes.time"/>
 <ref name="distinct.attributes.space"/>
 <ref name="distinct.attributes.social"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.hqphrase)

type: specifies the sublanguage or register to which the word or phrase is being assigned
time: specifies how the phrase is distinct diachronically
space: specifies how the phrase is distinct diatopically
social: specifies how the phrase is distinct diastatically

Example:

Next morning a boy in that dormitory confided to his
 bosom friend, a <distinct type="ps_slang">fag</distinct> of
 Macrea's, that there was trouble in their midst which
 King <distinct type="archaic">would fain</distinct> keep
 secret.

Module: core

Appendix C.46 distributor [element]

Description: supplies the name of a person or other agency responsible for the distribution of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="distributor">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <distributor>Oxford Text Archive</distributor>
 <distributor>Redwood and Burn Ltd</distributor>

Module: header

Appendix C.47 div [element]

Description: (text division) contains a subdivision of the front, body, or back of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divn: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="div">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.divn.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <oneOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="div"/>
     <ref name="divGen"/>
    </choice>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </oneOrMore>
   <group>
    <oneOrMore>
     <ref name="macro.component"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </oneOrMore>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <choice>
      <ref name="div"/>
      <ref name="divGen"/>
     </choice>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </group>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <body>
  <div type="part">
   <head>Fallacies of Authority</head>
   <p>The subject of which is Authority in various shapes, and the
          object, to repress all exercise of the reasoning faculty.</p>
   <div n="1" type="chapter">
    <head>The Nature of Authority</head>
    <p>With reference to any proposed measures having for their
             object the greatest happiness of the greatest number....</p>
    <div n="1.1" type="section">
     <head>Analysis of Authority</head>
     <p>What on any given occasion is the legitimate weight or
                influence to be attached to authority ...</p>
    </div>
    <div n="1.2" type="section">
     <head>Appeal to Authority, in What Cases Fallacious.</head>
     <p>Reference to authority is open to the charge of fallacy
                when...</p>
    </div>
   </div>
  </div>
 </body>

any sequence of low-level structural elements, possibly grouped into lower subdivisions.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.48 div0 [element]

Description: (level-0 text division) contains the largest possible subdivision of the body of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divn: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="div0">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.divn.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <oneOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="div1"/>
     <ref name="divGen"/>
    </choice>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </oneOrMore>
   <group>
    <oneOrMore>
     <ref name="macro.component"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </oneOrMore>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <choice>
      <ref name="div1"/>
      <ref name="divGen"/>
     </choice>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </group>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <div0 n="I" id="LEVI" type="part">
  <head>Part I: Of Man</head>
  <div1 n="1" id="LEVI1" type="chapter">
   <head>Chap. I. Of Sense</head>
   <p>Concerning the Thoughts of man...</p>
  </div1>
 </div0>
 <div0 n="II" id="LEVII" type="part">
  <head>Part II: Of Common-Wealth</head>
 </div0>

any sequence of low-level structural elements, possibly grouped into lower subdivisions.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.49 div1 [element]

Description: (level-1 text division) contains a first-level subdivision of the front, body, or back of a text (the largest, if div0 is not used, the second largest if it is).

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divn: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="div1">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.divn.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <oneOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="div2"/>
     <ref name="divGen"/>
    </choice>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </oneOrMore>
   <group>
    <oneOrMore>
     <ref name="macro.component"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </oneOrMore>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <choice>
      <ref name="div2"/>
      <ref name="divGen"/>
     </choice>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </group>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <div1 id="levi" n="I" type="part">
  <head>Part I: Of Man</head>
  <div2 id="levi1" n="1" type="chapter">
   <head>Chap. I. Of Sense</head>
   <p>Concerning the Thoughts of man...</p>
  </div2>
 </div1>
 <div1 id="levii" n="II" type="part">
  <head>Part II: Of Common-Wealth</head>
 </div1>

any sequence of low-level structural elements, possibly grouped into lower subdivisions.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.50 div2 [element]

Description: (level-2 text division) contains a second-level subdivision of the front, body, or back of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divn: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="div2">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.divn.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <oneOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="div3"/>
     <ref name="divGen"/>
    </choice>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </oneOrMore>
   <group>
    <oneOrMore>
     <ref name="macro.component"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </oneOrMore>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <choice>
      <ref name="div3"/>
      <ref name="divGen"/>
     </choice>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </group>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <div1 n="2" type="part">
  <head>The Second Partition:
              The Cure of Melancholy</head>
  <div2 n="2.1" type="section">
   <div3 n="2.1.1" type="member">
    <div4 n="2.1.1.1" type="subsection">
     <head>Unlawful Cures rejected.</head>
     <p>Inveterate melancholy, howsoever it may seem to
            be a continuate, inexorable disease, hard to be
            cured, accompanying them to their graves most part
            (as <ref target="#a">Montanus</ref> observes), yet many
            times it may be helped...

         </p>
    </div4>
   </div3>
  </div2>
  <div2 n="2.2" type="section">
   <div3 n="2.2.1" type="member">
    <head>Sect. II. Memb. I</head>
    <p/>
   </div3>
  </div2>
  <div2 n="2.3" type="section">
   <div3 n="2.3.1" type="member">
    <head>Sect. III. Memb. I</head>
    <p/>
   </div3>
  </div2>
 </div1>

any sequence of low-level structural elements, possibly grouped into lower subdivisions.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.51 div3 [element]

Description: (level-3 text division) contains a third-level subdivision of the front, body, or back of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divn: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="div3">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.divn.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <oneOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="div4"/>
     <ref name="divGen"/>
    </choice>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </oneOrMore>
   <group>
    <oneOrMore>
     <ref name="macro.component"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </oneOrMore>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <choice>
      <ref name="div4"/>
      <ref name="divGen"/>
     </choice>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </group>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <div2 n="2.2" type="section">
  <div3 n="2.2.1" type="member">
   <head>Sect. II. Memb. I</head>
   <p/>
  </div3>
  <div3 n="2.2.2" type="member">
   <head>Memb. II
         Retention and Evacuation rectified.</head>
   <p/>
  </div3>
  <div3 n="2.2.3" type="member">
   <head>Memb. III
         Ayr rectified. With a digression of the Ayr.</head>
   <p/>
  </div3>
 </div2>

any sequence of low-level structural elements, possibly grouped into lower subdivisions.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.52 div4 [element]

Description: (level-4 text division) contains a fourth-level subdivision of the front, body, or back of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divn: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="div4">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.divn.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <oneOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="div5"/>
     <ref name="divGen"/>
    </choice>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </oneOrMore>
   <group>
    <oneOrMore>
     <ref name="macro.component"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </oneOrMore>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <choice>
      <ref name="div5"/>
      <ref name="divGen"/>
     </choice>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </group>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <div3 n="2.2.1" type="member">
  <head>Sect. II. Memb. I</head>
  <div4 n="2.2.1.1" type="subsection">
   <head>Subsect I. — Dyet rectified in substance.</head>
   <p>Diet, <term lang="grc">diaitotiku</term>,
      <term lang="la">victus</term>  or living

     </p>
  </div4>
  <div4 n="2.2.2.1" type="subsection">
   <head>Subsect II. — Dyet rectified in quantity.</head>
   <p>Man alone, saith Cardan, eates and drinks without
      appetite, and useth all his pleasures without necessity</p>
  </div4>
 </div3>

any sequence of low-level structural elements, possibly grouped into lower subdivisions.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.53 div5 [element]

Description: (level-5 text division) contains a fifth-level subdivision of the front, body, or back of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divn: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="div5">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.divn.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <oneOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="div6"/>
     <ref name="divGen"/>
    </choice>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </oneOrMore>
   <group>
    <oneOrMore>
     <ref name="macro.component"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </oneOrMore>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <choice>
      <ref name="div6"/>
      <ref name="divGen"/>
     </choice>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </group>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

any sequence of low-level structural elements, possibly grouped into lower subdivisions.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.54 div6 [element]

Description: (level-6 text division) contains a sixth-level subdivision of the front, body, or back of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divn: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="div6">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.divn.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <oneOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="div7"/>
     <ref name="divGen"/>
    </choice>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </oneOrMore>
   <group>
    <oneOrMore>
     <ref name="macro.component"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </oneOrMore>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <choice>
      <ref name="div7"/>
      <ref name="divGen"/>
     </choice>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </group>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

any sequence of low-level structural elements, possibly grouped into lower subdivisions.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.55 div7 [element]

Description: (level-7 text division) contains the smallest possible subdivision of the front, body or back of a text, larger than a paragraph.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divn: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="div7">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.divn.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="macro.component"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </oneOrMore>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

any sequence of low-level structural elements, possibly grouped into lower subdivisions.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.56 divGen [element]

Description: (automatically generated text division) indicates the location at which a textual division generated automatically by a text-processing application is to appear.

Classes: tei.front

Declaration:

<element name="divGen">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="divGen.attributes.type"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.front)

type

specifies what type of generated text division (e.g. index, table of contents, etc.) is to appear. Sample values include:

index: an index is to be generated and inserted at this point.
toc: a table of contents
figlist: a list of figures
tablist: a list of tables

Example:

One use for this element is to allow document preparation software to generate an index and insert it in the appropriate place in the output. The example below assumes that the index attribute on the <index> element has been used to specify index entries for multiple indices, 1 and 2:

 <back>
  <div1 type="backmat">
   <head>Bibliography</head>
   <listBibl>
    <bibl/>
   </listBibl>
  </div1>
  <div1 type="backmat">
   <head>Indices</head>
   <divGen n="Index Nominum" type="index 1"/>
   <divGen n="Index Rerum" type="index 2"/>
  </div1>
 </back>

Example:

Another use for <divGen> is to specify the location of an automatically produced table of contents:

 <front>
  <divGen type="toc"/>
  <div>
   <head>Preface</head>
   <p>...</p>
  </div>
 </front>

This element is intended primarily for use in document production or manipulation, rather than in the transcription of pre-existing materials; it makes it easier to specify the location of indices, tables of contents, etc., to be generated by text preparation or word processing software. The n attribute should be used to give a title for the text division being generated.

Module: core

Appendix C.57 docAuthor [element]

Description: (document author) contains the name of the author of the document, as given on the title page (often but not always contained in a byline).

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.tpParts: tei.divtop: tei.fmchunk

Declaration:

<element name="docAuthor">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

The document author's name often occurs within a byline, but the <docAuthor> element may be used whether the <byline> element is used or not.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.58 docDate [element]

Description: (document date) contains the date of a document, as given (usually) on a title page.

Classes: tei.tpParts: tei.divtop: tei.fmchunk

Declaration:

<element name="docDate">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="docDate.attributes.value"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.tpParts: tei.divtop: tei.fmchunk)

value: gives the value of the date in a standard form.

Example:

 <docImprint>Oxford, Clarendon Press, <docDate>1987</docDate>
 </docImprint>

Cf. the general <date> element in the core tag set. This specialized element is provided for convenience in marking and processing the date of the documents, since it is likely to require specialized handling for many applications.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.59 docEdition [element]

Description: (document edition) contains an edition statement as presented on a title page of a document.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.tpParts: tei.fmchunk

Declaration:

<element name="docEdition">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Example:

 <docEdition>The Third edition Corrected</docEdition>

Cf. the <edition> element of bibliographic citation. As usual, the shorter name has been given to the more frequent element.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.60 docImprint [element]

Description: (document imprint) contains the imprint statement (place and date of publication, publisher name), as given (usually) at the foot of a title page.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.tpParts: tei.fmchunk

Declaration:

<element name="docImprint">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <text/>
   <ref name="tei.phrase"/>
   <ref name="pubPlace"/>
   <ref name="docDate"/>
   <ref name="publisher"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <docImprint>Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1987</docImprint>

Imprints may be somewhat more complex:

 <docImprint>
  <pubPlace>London</pubPlace>
  Printed for <name>E. Nutt</name>,
  at
  <pubPlace>Royal Exchange</pubPlace>;
  <name>J. Roberts</name> in
  <pubPlace>wick-Lane</pubPlace>;
  <name>A. Dodd</name> without
  <pubPlace>Temple-Bar</pubPlace>;
  and <name>J. Graves</name> in
  <pubPlace>St. James's-street.</pubPlace>
  <date>1722.</date>
 </docImprint>

Cf. the <imprint> element of bibliographic citations. As with title, author, and editions, the shorter name is reserved for the element likely to be used more often.

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.61 docTitle [element]

Description: (document title) contains the title of a document, including all its constituents, as given on a title page.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.tpParts: tei.fmchunk

Declaration:

<element name="docTitle">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="titlePart"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </oneOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <docTitle>
  <titlePart type="main">The DUNCIAD,
        VARIOURVM.
        </titlePart>
  <titlePart type="sub">WITH THE
        PROLEGOMENA of SCRIBLERUS.
        </titlePart>
 </docTitle>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.62 edition [element]

Description: (Edition) describes the particularities of one edition of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="edition">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <edition>First edition <date>Oct 1990</date>
 </edition>
 <edition n="S2">Students' edition</edition>

Module: header

Appendix C.63 editionStmt [element]

Description: (edition statement) groups information relating to one edition of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="editionStmt">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <choice>
  <group>
   <ref name="edition"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="respStmt"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </group>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="p"/>
  </oneOrMore>
 </choice>
</element>

Example:

 <editionStmt>
  <edition n="S2">Students' edition</edition>
  <respStmt>
   <resp>Adapted by</resp>
   <name>Elizabeth Kirk</name>
  </respStmt>
 </editionStmt>

Example:

 <editionStmt>
  <p>First edition, <date>Michaelmas Term, 1991.</date>
  </p>
 </editionStmt>

Module: header

Appendix C.64 editor [element]

Description: (editor) secondary statement of responsibility for a bibliographic item, for example the name of an individual, institution or organization, (or of several such) acting as editor, compiler, translator, etc.

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="editor">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="editor.attributes.role"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.biblPart)

role: specifies the nature of the intellectual responsibility

Example:

 <editor>Eric Johnson</editor>
 <editor role="illustrator">John Tenniel</editor>

A consistent format should be adopted

Particularly where cataloguing is likely to be based on the content of the header, it is advisable to use generally recognized authority lists for the exact form of personal names.

Module: core

Appendix C.65 editorialDecl [element]

Description: (editorial practice declaration) provides details of editorial principles and practices applied during the encoding of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.encoding: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="editorialDecl">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <choice>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="p"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <group>
   <oneOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="correction"/>
     <ref name="normalization"/>
     <ref name="quotation"/>
     <ref name="hyphenation"/>
     <ref name="interpretation"/>
     <ref name="segmentation"/>
     <ref name="stdVals"/>
    </choice>
   </oneOrMore>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="p"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </group>
 </choice>
</element>

Example:

 <editorialDecl>
  <normalization source="W9">
   <p>All words converted to Modern American spelling using
     Websters 9th Collegiate dictionary</p>
  </normalization>
  <quotation marks="all" form="std">
   <p>All opening quotation marks converted to “ all closing
     quotation marks converted to &cdq;.</p>
  </quotation>
 </editorialDecl>

Module: header

Appendix C.66 emph [element]

Description: (emphasized) marks words or phrases which are stressed or emphasized for linguistic or rhetorical effect.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.hqphrase

Declaration:

<element name="emph">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Example:

You took the car and did <emph>what</emph>?!!

Example:

 <q>What it all comes to is this,</q> he said. <q>
  <emph>What
   does Christopher Robin do in the morning nowadays?</emph>
 </q>

Module: core

Appendix C.67 encodingDesc [element]

Description: (Encoding description) documents the relationship between an electronic text and the source or sources from which it was derived.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.header

Declaration:

<element name="encodingDesc">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.encoding"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="p"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

Module: header

Appendix C.68 epigraph [element]

Description: (epigraph) contains a quotation, anonymous or attributed, appearing at the start of a section or chapter, or on a title page.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divtop: tei.tpParts: tei.divbot: tei.fmchunk

Declaration:

<element name="epigraph">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.componentSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <epigraph lang="la">
  <cit>
   <bibl>Lucret.</bibl>
   <quote>
    <l part="F">petere inde coronam,</l>
    <l>Vnde prius nulli velarint tempora Musae.</l>
   </quote>
  </cit>
 </epigraph>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.69 equipment [element]

Description: (equipment) provides technical details of the equipment and media used for an audio or video recording used as the source for a spoken text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="equipment">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <equipment>
  <p>"Hi-8" 8 mm NTSC camcorder with integral directional
     microphone and windshield and stereo digital sound
     recording channel.</p>
 </equipment>

Example:

 <equipment>
  <p>8-track analogue transfer mixed down to 19 cm/sec audio
    tape for cassette mastering</p>
 </equipment>

Module: header

Appendix C.70 equiv [element]

Description: specifies a component which is considered equivalent to the parent element, either by co-reference, or by external link.

Declaration:

<element name="equiv">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="equiv.attributes.name"/>
 <ref name="equiv.attributes.uri"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

name: names the underlying concept of which the parent is a representation
uri: references the underlying concept of which the parent is a representation by means of some external identifier

Example:

The following example declares that the <bo> element is conceptually equivalent to the markup construct <hi rend='bold'>, and that an external definition of this concept is available from the URI indicated

 <elementSpec ident="hi" mode="change">
  <equiv name="BOLD"/>
  <desc>bold typography</desc>
  <attList>
   <attDef ident="rend">
    <valList>
     <valItem ident="bold"/>
    </valList>
   </attDef>
  </attList>
 </elementSpec>
 <elementSpec ident="bo" mode="add">
  <equiv name="BOLD" uri="http://www.typesrus.com/bold"/>
 </elementSpec>

Module: core

Appendix C.71 expan [element]

Description: (expansion) contains the expansion of an abbreviation.

Classes: tei.data: tei.chooseable

Declaration:

<element name="expan">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="expan.attributes.resp"/>
 <ref name="expan.attributes.cert"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.data: tei.chooseable)

resp: signifies the editor or transcriber responsible for determining that the content is in fact the correct expansion of the abbreviation found in the source, whether or not the abbreviation itself is present (generally as a sibling child of <choice> in the encoding.
cert: signifies the degree of certainty ascribed to the expansion of the abbreviation.

Example:

The <expan> tag is not required; if appropriate, the encoder may expand abbreviations in the source text silently, without tagging them. If this is done, the TEI header should so indicate.

Module: core

Appendix C.72 extent [element]

Description: describes the approximate size of the electronic text as stored on some carrier medium, specified in any convenient units.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="extent">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <extent>3200 sentences</extent>
 <extent>between 10 and 20 Mb</extent>
 <extent>ten 3.5 inch high density diskettes</extent>

Module: header

Appendix C.73 figDesc [element]

Description: (Description of Figure) contains a brief prose description of the appearance or content of a graphic figure, for use when documenting an image without displaying it.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="figDesc">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Example:

This element is intended for use as an alternative to the content of its parent <figure> element; for example, to display when the image is required but the equipment in use cannot display graphic images. It may also be used for indexing or documentary purposes.

Module: figures

Appendix C.74 figure [element]

Description: contains a block containing graphics, illustrations, or figures.

Classes: tei.inter: tei.tpParts: tei.common

Declaration:

<element name="figure">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   <ref name="figure"/>
   <ref name="figDesc"/>
   <ref name="graphic"/>
   <ref name="head"/>
   <ref name="p"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: Global attributes and those inherited from : tei.inter: tei.tpParts: tei.common

Example:

 <figure>
  <head>Figure One: The View from the Bridge</head>
  <figDesc>A Whistleresque view showing four
   	or five sailing boats in the foreground, and a
   	series of buoys strung out between them.</figDesc>
  <graphic url="http://www.somewhere.eu/fig1.png" scale="50%"/>
 </figure>

Module: figures

Appendix C.75 fileDesc [element]

Description: (File Description) contains a full bibliographic description of an electronic file.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="fileDesc">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <ref name="titleStmt"/>
  <optional>
   <ref name="editionStmt"/>
  </optional>
  <optional>
   <ref name="extent"/>
  </optional>
  <ref name="publicationStmt"/>
  <optional>
   <ref name="seriesStmt"/>
  </optional>
  <optional>
   <ref name="notesStmt"/>
  </optional>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="sourceDesc"/>
  </oneOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

The major source of information for those seeking to create a catalogue entry or bibliographic citation for an electronic file. As such, it provides a title and statements of responsibility together with details of the publication or distribution of the file, of any series to which it belongs, and detailed bibliographic notes for matters not addressed elswhere in the header. It also contains a full bibliographic description for the source or sources from which the electronic text was derived.

Module: header

Appendix C.76 foreign [element]

Description: (foreign) identifies a word or phrase as belonging to some language other than that of the surrounding text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.hqphrase

Declaration:

<element name="foreign">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Example:

This is heathen Greek to you still?
 Your <foreign lang="la">lapis philosophicus</foreign>?

The global xml:lang attribute should be supplied for this element to identify the language of the word or phrase marked. As elsewhere its value should be a language code from RFC 3066 or its succsessor that represents the language in question. It is strongly recommended that the xml:lang attribute be consistently specified on all <foreign> elements.

This element is intended for use only where no other element is available to mark the phrase or words concerned. The global xml:lang attribute should be used in preference to this element where it is intended to mark the language of the whole of some text element.

The <distinct> element may be used to identify phrases belonging to sublanguages or registers not generally regarded as true languages.

Module: core

Appendix C.77 formula [element]

Description: contains a mathematical or other formula.

Classes: tei.phrase

Declaration:

<element name="formula">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="formula.attributes.notation"/>
 <ref name="datatype.Formula"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.phrase)

notation: supplies the name of a previously defined notation used for the content of the element.

Example:

The content model for this element is specified by the parameter entity formulaContent, the default value of which is #PCDATA.

Module: figures

Appendix C.78 fragmentPattern [element]

Description: (defines how to convert a canonical reference into a URI) specifies an expression and replacement pattern for tranforming a canonical reference into a URI

Declaration:

<element name="fragmentPattern">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="fragmentPattern.attributes.re"/>
 <ref name="fragmentPattern.attributes.pat"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

re: specifies a regular expression against which the values of cref attributes can be matched.
pat: specifies a ‘replacement pattern’ which, once subpattern substitution has been performed, provides a URI.

Example:

 <fragmentPattern re="([1-9A-Za-z]+)\s+([0-9]+):([0-9]+)" pat="#xpath(//div[@type='book'][@n='$1']/div[@type='chap'][@n='$2']/div[@type='verse'][@n='$3'])"/>

The result of the substitution may be either an absolute or a relative URI reference. In the latter case it is combined with the value of xml:base in force at the place where the cref attribute occurs to form an absolute URI in the usual manner as prescribed by XML Base.

Module: header

Appendix C.79 front [element]

Description: (front matter) contains any prefatory matter (headers, title page, prefaces, dedications, etc.) found at the start of a document, before the main body.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="front">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.front"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <optional>
   <choice>
    <group>
     <ref name="tei.fmchunk"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <choice>
       <ref name="tei.fmchunk"/>
       <ref name="titlePage"/>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </choice>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </group>
    <group>
     <ref name="div"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <choice>
       <ref name="div"/>
       <ref name="tei.front"/>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </choice>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </group>
    <group>
     <ref name="div1"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <choice>
       <ref name="div1"/>
       <ref name="tei.front"/>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </choice>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </group>
   </choice>
  </optional>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <front>
  <div lang="la" type="epigraph">
   <quote>Nam Sibyllam quidem Cumis ego ipse oculis meis
    	  vidi in ampulla pendere, et cum illi pueri dicerent:
    	  <q lang="grc">Sibylla ti weleis</q>; respondebat
    	  illa: <q lang="grc">apowanein welo.</q>
   </quote>
  </div>
  <div type="dedication">
   <p>For Ezra Pound <q lang="it">il miglior fabbro.</q>
   </p>
  </div>
 </front>

Example:

 <front>
  <div type="dedication">
   <p>To our three selves</p>
  </div>
  <div type="preface">
   <head>Author's Note</head>
   <p>All the characters in this book are purely imaginary, and if the
    author has used names that may suggest a reference to living persons
    she has done so inadvertently.
     ...</p>
  </div>
 </front>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.80 fsdDecl [element]

Description: (FSD (feature-system declaration) declaration) identifies the feature system declaration which contains definitions for a particular type of feature structure.

Classes: tei.encoding

Declaration:

<element name="fsdDecl">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="fsdDecl.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="fsdDecl.attributes.url"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.encoding)

type: identifies the type of feature structure documented by the FSD; this will be the value of the type attribute on at least one feature structure.
url: supplies a link to the entity containing the feature system declaration.

Example:

 <encodingDesc>
  <fsdDecl type="GPSG" url="Gazdar.fsd"/>
  <fsdDecl type="entry" url="Lexicon.fsd"/>
  <fsdDecl type="subentry" url="Lexicon.fsd"/>
 </encodingDesc>

Module: header

Appendix C.81 funder [element]

Description: (Funding body) specifies the name of an individual, institution, or organization responsible for the funding of a project or text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="funder">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <funder>The National Endowment for the Humanities, an independent
       federal agency</funder>
 <funder>Directorate General XIII of the Commission of the
       European Communities</funder>
 <funder>The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation</funder>
 <funder>The Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada</funder>

Funders provide financial support for a project; they are distinct from sponsors, who provide intellectual support and authority.

Module: header

Appendix C.82 gap [element]

Description: (omitted material) indicates a point where material has been omitted in a transcription, whether for editorial reasons described in the TEI header, as part of sampling practice, or because the material is illegible or inaudible.

Classes: tei.editIncl

Declaration:

<element name="gap">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="gap.attributes.desc"/>
 <ref name="gap.attributes.reason"/>
 <ref name="gap.attributes.resp"/>
 <ref name="gap.attributes.hand"/>
 <ref name="gap.attributes.agent"/>
 <ref name="gap.attributes.extent"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.editIncl)

desc: gives a description of the omitted text.
reason: gives the reason for omission. Sample values include ‘sampling’, ‘illegible’, ‘inaudible’, ‘irrelevant’, ‘cancelled’, ‘cancelled and illegible’.
resp: indicates the editor, transcriber or encoder responsible for the decision not to provide any transcription of the text and hence the application of the <gap> tag.
hand: in the case of text omitted from the transcription because of deliberate deletion by an identifiable hand, signifies the hand which made the deletion.
agent: In the case of text omitted from the transcription because of damage or other phenomenon resulting from an identifiable cause, signifies the causative agent.
extent: indicates approximately how much text has been omitted from the transcription, in letters, minims, inches, or any appropriate unit, either because of editorial policy or because a deletion, damage, or other cause has rendered transcription impossible.

Example:

The <gap>, <unclear>, and <del> core tag elements may be closely allied in use with the <damage> and <supplied> elements, available when using the additional tagset for transcription of primary sources. See section for discussion of which element is appropriate for which circumstance.

Module: core

Appendix C.83 gloss [element]

Description: identifies a phrase or word used to provide a gloss or definition for some other word or phrase.

Classes: tei.hqphrase: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="gloss">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <optional>
  <choice>
   <ref name="gloss.attributes.target"/>
   <ref name="gloss.attributes.cref"/>
  </choice>
 </optional>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.hqphrase: tei.declaring)

target: identifies the associated <term> element by an absolute or relative URI reference
cref: identifies the associated <term> element using a canonical reference from a scheme defined in a <refsDecl> element in the TEI header

Example:

We may define <term id="tdpv" rend="sc">discoursal point of view</term>
 as <gloss target="tdpv">the relationship, expressed through discourse
  structure, between the implied author or some other addresser,
  and the fiction.</gloss>

The target and cref attributes are mutually exclusive.

Module: core

Appendix C.84 graphic [element]

Description: indicates the location of an inline graphic, illustration, or figure.

Classes: tei.phrase: tei.tpParts

Declaration:

<element name="graphic">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="graphic.attributes.width"/>
 <ref name="graphic.attributes.height"/>
 <ref name="graphic.attributes.scale"/>
 <ref name="graphic.attributes.url"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.phrase: tei.tpParts)

width: The display width of the image
height: The display height of the image
scale: A scale factor to be applied to the image to make it the desired display size
url: The target URL

Example:

 <figure>
  <graphic url="fig1.png"/>
  <head>Figure One: The View from the Bridge</head>
  <figDesc>A Whistleresque view showing four
   or five sailing boats in the foreground, and a
   series of buoys strung out between them.</figDesc>
 </figure>

Module: core

Appendix C.85 group [element]

Description: contains the body of a composite text, grouping together a sequence of distinct texts (or groups of such texts) which are regarded as a unit for some purpose, for example the collected works of an author, a sequence of prose essays, etc.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="group">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <group>
   <choice>
    <ref name="text"/>
    <ref name="group"/>
   </choice>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="text"/>
     <ref name="group"/>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </choice>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.86 head [element]

Description: (heading) contains any heading, for example, the title of a section, or the heading of a list or glossary.

Classes: tei.divtop: tei.fmchunk

Declaration:

<element name="head">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="head.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.divtop: tei.fmchunk)

type: categorizes the heading in some way meaningful to the encoder.

Example:

The most common use for the <head> element is to mark the headings of sections. In older writings, the headings or incipits may be rather longer than usual in modern works. If a section has an explicit ending as well as a heading, it should be marked as a <trailer>, as in this example:

 <div1 n="I" type="book">
  <head>In the name of Christ here begins
   the first book of the ecclesiastical history of Georgius
   Florentinus, known as Gregory, Bishop of Tours.</head>
  <list>
   <head>Chapter-Headings</head>
  </list>
  <div2 type="section">
   <head>In the name of Christ here begins Book I of the
    history.</head>
   <p>Proposing as I do ...</p>
   <p>From the Passion of our Lord until the death of Saint Martin
    four hundred and twelve years passed.</p>
   <trailer>Here ends the first Book, which covers five thousand,
     five hundred and ninety-six years from the beginning of the
     world down to the death of Saint Martin.</trailer>
  </div2>
 </div1>

Example:

The <head> tag is also used to mark headings of other units, such as lists:

With a few exceptions, connectives are equally useful in
 all kinds of discourse:  description, narration, exposition,
 argument.
 <list type="simple">
  <head>Connectives</head>
  <item>above</item>
  <item>accordingly</item>
  <item>across from</item>
  <item>adjacent to</item>
  <item>again</item>
  <item/>
 </list>

The <head> tag is used for headings at all levels; processing programs which treat (e.g.) chapter headings, section headings, and list titles differently must determine the proper processing of a <head> element based on its structural position. A <head> occurring as the first element of a list is the title of that list; one occurring as the first element of a <div1> is the title of that chapter or section.

Module: core

Appendix C.87 headItem [element]

Description: (heading for list items) contains the heading for the item or gloss column in a glossary list or similar structured list.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="headItem">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

The simple, straightforward statement of an idea is
 preferable to the use of a worn-out expression.
 <list type="gloss">
  <headLabel rend="small caps">TRITE</headLabel>
  <headItem rend="small caps">SIMPLE, STRAIGHTFORWARD</headItem>
  <label>bury the hatchet</label>
  <item>stop fighting, make peace</item>
  <label>at loose ends</label>
  <item>disorganized</item>
  <label>on speaking terms</label>
  <item>friendly</item>
  <label>fair and square</label>
  <item>completely honest</item>
  <label>at death's door</label>
  <item>near death</item>
 </list>

The <headItem> element may appear only if each item in the list is preceded by a <label>.

Module: core

Appendix C.88 headLabel [element]

Description: (heading for list labels) contains the heading for the label or term column in a glossary list or similar structured list.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="headLabel">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

The simple, straightforward statement of an idea is
 preferable to the use of a worn-out expression.
 <list type="gloss">
  <headLabel rend="small caps">TRITE</headLabel>
  <headItem rend="small caps">SIMPLE, STRAIGHTFORWARD</headItem>
  <label>bury the hatchet</label>
  <item>stop fighting, make peace</item>
  <label>at loose ends</label>
  <item>disorganized</item>
  <label>on speaking terms</label>
  <item>friendly</item>
  <label>fair and square</label>
  <item>completely honest</item>
  <label>at death's door</label>
  <item>near death</item>
 </list>

The <headLabel> element may appear only if each item in the list is preceded by a <label>.

Module: core

Appendix C.89 hi [element]

Description: (highlighted) marks a word or phrase as graphically distinct from the surrounding text, for reasons concerning which no claim is made.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.hqphrase

Declaration:

<element name="hi">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Example:

 <hi rend="gothic">And this Indenture further witnesseth</hi>
 that the said <hi rend="italic">Walter Shandy</hi>, merchant,
 in consideration of the said intended marriage ...

Module: core

Appendix C.90 hyphenation [element]

Description: (Hyphenation) summarizes the way in which hyphenation in a source text has been treated in an encoded version of it.

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="hyphenation">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <ref name="hyphenation.attributes.eol"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.declarable)

eol

indicates whether or not end-of-line hyphenation has been retained in a text. Legal values are:

all: all end-of-line hyphenation has been retained, even though the lineation of the original may not have been.
some: end-of-line hyphenation has been retained in some cases.
hard: all soft end-of-line hyphenation has been removed: any remaining end-od-line hyphenation should be retained.
none: all end-of-line hyphenation has been removed: any remaining hyphenation occurred within the line.

Example:

 <hyphenation eol="some">
  <p>End-of-line hyphenation silently removed where appropriate</p>
 </hyphenation>

Module: header

Appendix C.91 idno [element]

Description: (identifying number) supplies any standard or non-standard number used to identify a bibliographic item.

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="idno">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="idno.attributes.type"/>
 <text/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.biblPart)

type: categorizes the number, for example as an ISBN or other standard series.

Example:

 <idno type="ISSN">0143-3385</idno>
 <idno type="OTA">116</idno>

Module: header

Appendix C.92 imprimatur [element]

Description: contains a formal statement authorizing the publication of a work, sometimes required to appear on a title page or its verso.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.tpParts

Declaration:

<element name="imprimatur">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Example:

 <imprimatur>Licensed and entred acording to Order.</imprimatur>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.93 imprint [element]

Description: groups information relating to the publication or distribution of a bibliographic item.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="imprint">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="pubPlace"/>
   <ref name="publisher"/>
   <ref name="date"/>
   <ref name="biblScope"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <imprint>
  <pubPlace>Oxford</pubPlace>
  <publisher>Clarendon Press</publisher>
  <date>1987</date>
 </imprint>

Module: core

Appendix C.94 index [element]

Description: (index entry) marks a location to be indexed for whatever purpose.

Classes: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="index">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="index.attributes.index"/>
 <ref name="index.attributes.level1"/>
 <ref name="index.attributes.level2"/>
 <ref name="index.attributes.level3"/>
 <ref name="index.attributes.level4"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.metadata)

index: indicates which index (of several) the index entry belongs to.
level1: gives the form under which the index entry is to be made.
level2: gives the second-level form, if any.
level3: gives the third-level form, if any.
level4: gives the fourth-level form, if any.

Example:

David's other principal backer, Josiah ha-Kohen
 <index level1="Josiah ha-Kohen b. Azarya" level2="cousin and backer of David b. Daniel"/>
 b. Azarya, son of one of the last gaons of Sura,
 <index level1="Azarya" level2="gaon of Sura"/>
 <index level1="Sura"/> was David's own first cousin.

Module: core

Appendix C.95 interp [element]

Description: (interpretation) provides for an interpretative annotation which can be linked to a span of text.

Classes: tei.metadata: tei.interpret

Declaration:

<element name="interp">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.interpret.attributes"/>
 <ref name="interp.attributes.value"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.metadata: tei.interpret)

value: identifies the specific phenomenon being annotated.

Example:

 <interp resp="TMA" type="structural unit" value="aftermath"/>

Module: analysis

Appendix C.96 interpGrp [element]

Description: (interpretation group) collects together interp tags.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.interpret: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="interpGrp">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.interpret.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <ref name="interp"/>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <interpGrp resp="TMA" type="collection of structural units">
  <interp value="introduction"/>
  <interp value="conflict"/>
  <interp value="climax"/>
  <interp value="revenge"/>
  <interp value="reconciliation"/>
  <interp value="aftermath"/>
 </interpGrp>

Any number of <interp> elements.

Module: analysis

Appendix C.97 interpretation [element]

Description: describes the scope of any analytic or interpretive information added to the text in addition to the transcription.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="interpretation">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <interpretation>
  <p>The part of speech analysis applied throughout section 4 was
     added by hand and has not been checked</p>
 </interpretation>

Module: header

Appendix C.98 item [element]

Description: contains one component of a list.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="item">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.specialPara"/>
</element>

Example:

 <list type="ordered">
  <head>Here begin the chapter headings of Book IV</head>
  <item n="4.1">The death of Queen Clotild.</item>
  <item n="4.2">How King Lothar wanted to appropriate
     one third of the Church revenues.</item>
  <item n="4.3">The wives and children of Lothar.</item>
  <item n="4.4">The Counts of the Bretons.</item>
  <item n="4.5">Saint Gall the Bishop.</item>
  <item n="4.6">The priest Cato.</item>
  <item>...</item>
 </list>

May contain simple prose or a sequence of chunks.

Whatever string of characters is used to label a list item in the copy text may be used as the value of the global n attribute, but it is not required that numbering be recorded explicitly. In ordered lists, the n attribute on the <item> element is by definition synonymous with the use of the <label> element to record the enumerator of the list item. In glossary lists, however, the term being defined should be given with the <label> element, not n.

Module: core

Appendix C.99 join [element]

Description: identifies a possibly fragmented segment of text, by pointing at the possibly discontiguous elements which compose it.

Classes: tei.pointer: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="join">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.pointer.attributes"/>
 <ref name="join.attributes.targets"/>
 <ref name="join.attributes.result"/>
 <ref name="join.attributes.desc"/>
 <ref name="join.attributes.scope"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.pointer: tei.metadata)

targets

specifies the identifiers of the elements or passages to be joined into a virtual element.

result

specifies the name of an element which this aggregation may be understood to represent.

desc

a brief phrase describing the virtual element created by the join.

scope

indicates whether the targets to be joined include the entire element indicated (the entire subtree including its root), or just the children of the target (the branches of the subtree). Legal values are:

root: the rooted subtrees indicated by the targets attribute are joined, each subtree become a child of the virtual element created by the join
branches: the children of the subtrees indicated by the targets attribute become the children of the virtual element (i.e. the roots of the subtrees are discarded)

Example:

The following example is discussed in section :

 <sp who="#frog_hughie">
  <p>How does it go?
     <q>
    <l id="frog_x1">da-da-da</l>
    <l id="frog_l2">gets a new frog</l>
    <l>...</l>
   </q>
  </p>
 </sp>
 <sp who="#frog_louie">
  <p>
   <q>
    <l id="frog_l1">When the old pond</l>
    <l>...</l>
   </q>
  </p>
 </sp>
 <sp who="#frog_dewey">
  <p>
   <q>...
        <l id="frog_l3">It's a new pond.</l>
   </q>
  </p>
  <join targets="#frog_l1 #frog_l2 #frog_l3" result="lg" desc="haiku" scope="root"/>
 </sp>

The attribute targOrder is specified with a value of Y to indicate that the order of the three lines is significant. The attribute scope is allowed to take the default value of root to indicate that the virtual element being identified is a line group (<lg>) which contains the three <l> elements L1, L2, and L3, and not just their character data content.

Example:

In this example, the attribute scope is specified with the value of branches to indicate that the virtual list being constructed is to be made by taking the lists indicated by the targets attribute of the <join> element, discarding the <list> tags which enclose them, and combining the items contained within the lists into a single virtual list:

 <p>Southern dialect (my own variety, at least) has only
    <list id="LP1">
   <item>
    <s>I done gone</s>
   </item>
   <item>
    <s>I done went</s>
   </item>
  </list> whereas Negro Non-Standard basilect has both these and
    <list id="LP2">
   <item>
    <s>I done go</s>
   </item>
  </list>.</p>
 <p>White Southern dialect also has
    <list id="LP3">
   <item>
    <s>I've done gone</s>
   </item>
   <item>
    <s>I've done went</s>
   </item>
  </list> which, when they occur in Negro dialect, should probably
     be considered as borrowings from other varieties of English.</p>
 <join result="list" id="LST1" targets="#LP1 #LP2 #LP3" scope="branches" desc="Sample sentences in Southern speech"/>

Module: linking

Appendix C.100 joinGrp [element]

Description: (join group) groups a collection of join elements and possibly pointers.

Classes: tei.pointerGroup: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="joinGrp">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.pointerGroup.attributes"/>
 <ref name="joinGrp.attributes.result"/>
 <ref name="joinGrp.attributes.desc"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="join"/>
   <ref name="ptr"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.pointerGroup: tei.metadata)

result: describes the result of the joins gathered in this collection.
desc: a brief phrase describing the virtual elements created by the joins in this collection.

Example:

 <joinGrp domains="#zuitxt #zuitxt #zuitxt" result="q">
  <join targets="#zuiq1 #zuiq2 #zuiq6"/>
  <join targets="#zuiq3 #zuiq4 #zuiq5"/>
 </joinGrp>

Any number of <join> or <ptr> elements.

Module: linking

Appendix C.101 keywords [element]

Description: (Keywords) contains a list of keywords or phrases identifying the topic or nature of a text.

Declaration:

<element name="keywords">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="keywords.attributes.scheme"/>
 <choice>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="term"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <ref name="list"/>
 </choice>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

scheme: identifies the controlled vocabulary within which the set of keywords concerned is defined.

Example:

 <keywords scheme="#bl">
  <list>
   <item>Babbage, Charles</item>
   <item>Mathematicians - Great Britain - Biography</item>
  </list>
 </keywords>

Module: header

Appendix C.102 l [element]

Description: (verse line) contains a single, possibly incomplete, line of verse.

Classes: tei.chunk: tei.metrical: tei.enjamb

Declaration:

<element name="l">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="l.attributes.part"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.chunk: tei.metrical: tei.enjamb)

part

specifies whether or not the line is metrically complete. Legal values are:

Y: the line is metrically incomplete
N: either the line is complete, or no claim is made as to its completeness
I: the initial part of an incomplete line
M: a medial part of an incomplete line
F: the final part of an incomplete line

Example:

 <l met="-/-/-/-/-/" part="Y"/>

Module: core

Appendix C.103 label [element]

Description: contains the label associated with an item in a list; in glossaries, marks the term being defined.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.lists

Declaration:

<element name="label">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

Labels are most commonly used for the headwords in glossary lists; note the use of the global xml:lang attribute to set the default language of the glossary list to Middle English, and identify the glosses and headings as modern English or Latin:

 <list type="gloss" lang="enm">
  <head lang="en">Vocabulary</head>
  <headLabel lang="en">Middle English</headLabel>
  <headItem lang="en">New English</headItem>
  <label>nu</label>
  <item lang="en">now</item>
  <label>lhude</label>
  <item lang="en">loudly</item>
  <label>bloweth</label>
  <item lang="en">blooms</item>
  <label>med</label>
  <item lang="en">meadow</item>
  <label>wude</label>
  <item lang="en">wood</item>
  <label>awe</label>
  <item lang="en">ewe</item>
  <label>lhouth</label>
  <item lang="en">lows</item>
  <label>sterteth</label>
  <item lang="en">bounds, frisks
    (cf. <cit>
    <ref>Chaucer, K.T.644</ref>
    <q>a courser,
      <term>sterting</term>as the fyr</q>
   </cit>
  </item>
  <label>verteth</label>
  <item lang="la">pedit</item>
  <label>murie</label>
  <item lang="en">merrily</item>
  <label>swik</label>
  <item lang="en">cease</item>
  <label>naver</label>
  <item lang="en">never</item>
 </list>

Example:

Labels may also be used to record explicitly the numbers or letters which mark list items in ordered lists, as in this extract from Gibbon's Autobiography. In this usage the <label> element is synonymous with the n attribute on the <item> element:

I will add two facts, which have seldom occurred in
 the composition of six, or at least of five quartos.
 <list rend="runon" type="ordered">
  <label>(1)</label>
  <item>My first rough manuscript, without any
   intermediate copy, has been sent to the press.</item>
  <label>(2)</label>
  <item>Not a sheet has been seen by any human
   eyes, excepting those of the author and the printer:
   the faults and the merits are exclusively my own.</item>
 </list>

Example:

Labels may also be used for other structured list items, as in this extract from the journal of Edward Gibbon:

 <list type="gloss">
  <label>March 1757.</label>
  <item>I wrote some critical observations upon Plautus.</item>
  <label>March 8th.</label>
  <item>I wrote a long dissertation upon some lines of Virgil.</item>
  <label>June.</label>
  <item>I saw Mademoiselle Curchod —
         <q lang="la">Omnia vincit amor, et nos cedamus amori.</q>
  </item>
  <label>August.</label>
  <item>I went to Crassy, and staid two days.</item>
 </list>

Module: core

Appendix C.104 langUsage [element]

Description: (language usage) describes the languages, sublanguages, registers, dialects etc. represented within a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.profile: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="langUsage">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="p"/>
   <ref name="language"/>
  </choice>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <langUsage>
  <language ident="fr-CA" usage="60">Québecois</language>
  <language ident="en-CA" usage="20">Canadian business English</language>
  <language ident="en-GB" usage="20">British English</language>
 </langUsage>

may contain either a simple prose description, or more formally one or more <language> elements

Module: header

Appendix C.105 language [element]

Description: characterizes a single language or sublanguage used within a text.

Declaration:

<element name="language">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="language.attributes.ident"/>
 <ref name="language.attributes.usage"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

ident: Supplies a language code from RFC 3066 (or its successor) used as the identifier by which this element is referenced by the global xml:lang attribute.
usage: specifies the approximate percentage (by volume) of the text which uses this language.

Example:

 <langUsage lang="en-US">
  <language ident="en-US" usage="75">modern American English</language>
  <language ident="i-az-Arab" usage="20">Azerbaijani in Arabic script</language>
  <language ident="x-lap" usage="05">Pig Latin</language>
 </langUsage>

Particularly for sublanguages, an informal prose characterization should be supplied as content for the element.

Module: header

Appendix C.106 lb [element]

Description: (line break) marks the start of a new (typographic) line in some edition or version of a text.

Classes: tei.refsys

Declaration:

<element name="lb">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="lb.attributes.ed"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.refsys)

ed: indicates the edition or version in which the line break is located at this point

Example:

On this element, the global n attribute indicates the number or other value associated with the line which follows the point of insertion of this <lb>. Encoders should adopt a clear and consistent policy as to whether the numbers associated with line breaks relate to the physical sequence number of the line within the page, or to some aspect of the logical structure of the text. By convention, <lb> elements should appear at the start of the line to which they refer.

The <lb> tag is intended for making typographic line breaks in prose. It should be carefully distinguished from the <l> element, used to mark lines of verse.

Module: core

Appendix C.107 lg [element]

Description: (line group) contains a group of verse lines functioning as a formal unit, e.g. a stanza, refrain, verse paragraph, etc.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.chunk: tei.divn

Declaration:

<element name="lg">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.divn.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.divtop"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="l"/>
   <ref name="lg"/>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="l"/>
    <ref name="lg"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <lg type="free">
  <l>Let me be my own fool</l>
  <l>of my own making, the sum of it</l>
 </lg>
 <lg type="free">
  <l>is equivocal.</l>
  <l>One says of the drunken farmer:</l>
 </lg>
 <lg type="free">
  <l>leave him lay off it. And this is</l>
  <l>the explanation.</l>
 </lg>

contains verse lines or nested line groups only, possibly prefixed by a heading.

Module: core

Appendix C.108 link [element]

Description: defines an association or hypertextual link among elements or passages, of some type not more precisely specifiable by other elements.

Classes: tei.pointer: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="link">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.pointer.attributes"/>
 <ref name="link.attributes.targets"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.pointer: tei.metadata)

targets: specifies the identifiers of the elements or passages to be linked or associated.

Example:

This element should only be used to encode associations not otherwise provided for by more specific elements.

The location of this element within a document has no significance, unless it is included within a <linkGrp>, in which case it may inherit the value of the type attribute from the value given on the <linkGrp>.

Module: linking

Appendix C.109 linkGrp [element]

Description: defines a collection of associations or hypertextual links.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.pointerGroup: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="linkGrp">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.pointerGroup.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="link"/>
   <ref name="ptr"/>
  </choice>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <linkGrp type="translation">
  <link targets="#S1 #z1"/>
  <link targets="#S2 #z2"/>
  <link targets="#S99 #z99" type="paraphrase"/>
 </linkGrp>

May contain one or more <link> elements only, optionally with interspersed pointer elements.

A web or link group is an administrative convenience, which should be used to collect a set of links together for any purpose, not simply to supply a default value for the type attribute.

Module: linking

Appendix C.110 list [element]

Description: contains any sequence of items organized as a list.

Classes: tei.lists

Declaration:

<element name="list">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="list.attributes.type"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <optional>
   <ref name="head"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
  <choice>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="item"/>
    <zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </zeroOrMore>
   </zeroOrMore>
   <group>
    <optional>
     <ref name="headLabel"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </optional>
    <optional>
     <ref name="headItem"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </optional>
    <oneOrMore>
     <ref name="label"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
     <ref name="item"/>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </oneOrMore>
   </group>
  </choice>
 </group>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.lists)

type

describes the form of the list. Suggested values include:

ordered: list items are numbered or lettered.
bulleted: list items are marked with a bullet or other typographic device.
simple: list items are not numbered or bulleted.
gloss: each list item glosses some term or concept, which is given by a label element preceding the list item.

Example:

 <list type="ordered">
  <item>a butcher</item>
  <item>a baker</item>
  <item>a candlestick maker, with
   <list type="bullets">
    <item>rings on his fingers</item>
    <item>bells on his toes</item>
   </list>
  </item>
 </list>

Example:

The following example treats the short numbered clauses of Anglo-Saxon legal codes as lists of items. The text is from an ordinance of King Athelstan (924–939):

 <div1 type="section">
  <head>Athelstan's Ordinance</head>
  <list type="ordered">
   <item n="1">Concerning thieves.  First, that no thief is to be
         spared who is caught with the stolen goods, [if he is] over
         twelve years and [if the value of the goods is] over eightpence.
        <list type="ordered">
     <item n="1.1">And if anyone does spare one, he is to pay for the
            thief with his wergild — and the thief is to be no nearer a
            settlement on that account — or to clear himself by an oath of
            that amount.</item>
     <item n="1.2">If, however, he [the thief] wishes to defend himself
            or to escape, he is not to be spared [whether younger or older
            than twelve].</item>
     <item n="1.3">If a thief is put into prison, he is to be in prison
            40 days, and he may then be redeemed with 120 shillings; and the
            kindred are to stand surety for him that he will desist for ever.</item>
     <item n="1.4">And if he steals after that, they are to pay for him
            with his wergild, or to bring him back there.</item>
     <item n="1.5">And if he steals after that, they are to pay
            for him with his wergild, whether to the king or to him
            to whom it rightly belongs; and everyone of those who
            supported  him is to pay 120 shillings to  the king as a fine.</item>
    </list>
   </item>
   <item n="2">Concerning lordless men.  And we pronounced about these
       lordless men, from whom no justice can be obtained, that one
       should order their kindred to fetch back such a person to justice
       and to find him a lord in public meeting.
       <list type="ordered">
     <item n="2.1">And if they then will not, or cannot, produce him on
            that appointed day, he is then to be a fugitive afterwards, and
            he who encounters him is to strike him down as a thief.</item>
     <item n="2.2">And he who harbours him after that, is to pay for him
            with his wergild or to clear himself by an oath of that amount.</item>
    </list>
   </item>
   <item n="3">Concerning the refusal of justice.  The lord who
        refuses justice and upholds his guilty man, so that the king is
        appealed to, is to repay the value of the goods and 120 shillings
        to the king; and he who appeals to the king before he demands
        justice as often as he ought, is to pay the same fine as the
        other would have done, if he had refused him justice.
        <list type="ordered">
     <item n="3.1">And the lord who is an accessory to a theft by his
            slave, and it becomes known about him, is to forfeit the slave
            and be liable to his wergild on the first occasionp if he does it
            more often, he is to be liable to pay all that he owns.</item>
     <item n="3.2">And likewise any of the king's treasurers or of our
            reeves, who has been an accessory of thieves who have committed
            theft, is to liable to the same.</item>
    </list>
   </item>
   <item n="4">Concerning treachery to a lord.  And we have pronounced
       concerning treachery to a lord, that he [who is accused] is to
       forfeit his life if he cannot deny it or is afterwards convicted
       at the three-fold ordeal.</item>
  </list>
 </div1>

Note that nested lists have been used so the tagging mirrors the structure indicated by the two-level numbering of the clauses. The clauses could have been treated as a one-level list with irregular numbering, if desired.

Example:

 <p>These decrees, most blessed Pope Hadrian, we propounded in the
  public council ... and they confirmed them in our hand in your
  stead with the sign of the Holy Cross, and afterwards inscribed
  with a careful pen on the paper of this page, affixing thus the
  sign of the Holy Cross.
  <list type="simple">
   <item>I, Eanbald, by the grace of God archbishop of the holy
    church of York, have subscribed to the pious and catholic
    validity of this document with the sign of the Holy Cross.</item>
   <item>I, Ælfwold, king of the people across the Humber,
    consenting have subscribed with the sign of the Holy Cross.</item>
   <item>I, Tilberht, prelate of the church of Hexham, rejoicing
    have subscribed with the sign of the Holy Cross.</item>
   <item>I, Higbald, bishop of the church of Lindisfarne, obeying
    have subscribed with the sign of the Holy Cross.</item>
   <item>I, Ethelbert, bishop of Candida Casa, suppliant, have
    subscribed with thef sign of the Holy Cross.</item>
   <item>I, Ealdwulf, bishop of the church of Mayo, have subscribed
    with devout will.</item>
   <item>I, Æthelwine, bishop, have subscribed through
    delegates.</item>
   <item>I, Sicga, patrician, have subscribed with serene mind
    with the sign of the Holy Cross.</item>
  </list>
 </p>

May contain an optional heading followed by a series of items, or a series of label and item pairs, the latter being optionally preceded by one or two specialized headings.

Module: core

Appendix C.111 listBibl [element]

Description: (citation list) contains a list of bibliographic citations of any kind.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.lists: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="listBibl">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <optional>
   <ref name="head"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
  <group>
   <ref name="tei.bibl"/>
  </group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.bibl"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <optional>
   <ref name="tei.divbot"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <listBibl>
  <head>Works consulted</head>
  <bibl>Blain, Clements and Grundy: Feminist Companion to
          Literature in English (Yale, 1990)</bibl>
  <biblStruct>
   <analytic>
    <title>The Interesting story of the Children in the Wood</title>
   </analytic>
   <monogr>
    <title>The Penny Histories</title>
    <author>Victor E Neuberg</author>
    <imprint>
     <publisher>OUP</publisher>
     <date>1968</date>
    </imprint>
   </monogr>
  </biblStruct>
 </listBibl>

Module: core

Appendix C.112 m [element]

Description: (morpheme) represents a grammatical morpheme.

Classes: tei.seg

Declaration:

<element name="m">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.seg.attributes"/>
 <ref name="m.attributes.baseForm"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <text/>
   <ref name="tei.segment"/>
   <ref name="c"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.seg)

baseForm: identifies the morpheme's base form.

Example:

 <w type="adjective">
  <w type="noun">
   <m type="prefix" baseForm="con">com</m>
   <m type="root">fort</m>
  </w>
  <m type="suffix">able</m>
 </w>

May contain character data, <seg>, and <c> elements only.

Module: analysis

Appendix C.113 measure [element]

Description: contains a word or phrase referring to some quantity of an object or commodity, usually comprising a number, a unit, and a commodity name.

Classes: tei.data: tei.names

Declaration:

<element name="measure">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.names.attributes"/>
 <ref name="measure.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.data: tei.names)

type

specifies the type of unit in which the measure is expressed. Sample values include:

weight: measure of weight, e.g. pound, ounce, newton.
mass: measure of mass, e.g. gram, kg, tonne, slug.
count: unit of count, e.g. dozen, score.
length: measure of length, e.g. pole, mm.
area: measure of area, e.g. acre, hectare.
volume: measure of volume, e.g. litre, mL, gallon.
currency: unit of currency e.g. ecu, escudo, mark.

Example:

 <measure key="LBSF11" type="weight">
  <num>2</num> pounds of flesh</measure>
 <measure reg="$1.56" type="currency">a quid</measure>
 <measure reg="8 ECU" type="area">2 merks of old extent</measure>

Module: core

Appendix C.114 meeting [element]

Description: in bibliographic references, contains a description of the meeting or conference from which the bibliographic item derives.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="meeting">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Example:

 <meeting>Ninth International Conference on Middle High German
   Textual Criticism, Aachen, June 1998.</meeting>

Module: core

Appendix C.115 mentioned [element]

Description: marks words or phrases mentioned, not used.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.hqphrase

Declaration:

<element name="mentioned">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

There is thus a striking accentual difference between a verbal
 form like <mentioned id="X234" lang="el">eluthemen</mentioned>
 <gloss target="#X234">we were released,</gloss> accented on
 the second syllable of the word, and its
 participial derivative <mentioned id="X235" lang="el">lutheis</mentioned>
 <gloss target="#X235">released,</gloss> accented on the last.

Module: core

Appendix C.116 metDecl [element]

Description: documents the notation employed to represent a metrical pattern when this is specified as the value of a met, real, or rhyme attribute on any structural element of a metrical text (e.g. <lg>, <l>, or <seg>).

Classes: tei.encoding: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="metDecl">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <ref name="metDecl.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="metDecl.attributes.pattern"/>
 <choice>
  <ref name="macro.componentSeq"/>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="metSym"/>
  </oneOrMore>
 </choice>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.encoding: tei.declarable)

type: indicates whether the notation conveys the abstract metrical form, its actual prosodic realization, or the rhyme scheme, or some combination thereof.
pattern: specifies a regular expression defining any value that is legal for this notation.

Example:

 <metDecl id="ip" pattern="((+-|-+)-+-+-+-+/)">
  <metSym value="+">stressed syllable</metSym>
  <metSym value="-">unstressed syllable</metSym>
  <metSym value="/">metrical line boundary</metSym>
 </metDecl>

This example is intended for the far more restricted case typified by the Shakespearean iambic pentameter. Only metrical patterns containing exactly ten syllables, alternately stressed and unstressed, (except for the first two which may be in either order) to each metrical line can be expressed using this notation.

contains either a sequence of <metSym> elements or paragraphs. If one <metSym> is defined, then all the codes appearing within the pattern attribute should be documented, if the latter is specified.

The encoder may choose whether to define the notation formally or informally. However, the two methods may not be mixed.

Only usable within the header if the verse base is enabled.

Module: header

Appendix C.117 metSym [element]

Description: documents the intended significance of a particular character or character sequence within a metrical notation, either explicitly or in terms of other symbol elements in the same metDecl.

Declaration:

<element name="metSym">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="metSym.attributes.value"/>
 <ref name="metSym.attributes.terminal"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

value

specifies the character or character sequence being documented.

terminal

specifies whether the symbol is defined in terms of other symbols (terminal="false") or in prose (terminal="true"). Legal values are:

true: the element contains a prose definition of its meaning.
false: the element contains a definition of its meaning given using symbols defined elsewhere in the same metDecl element.

Example:

 <metSym value="x">a stressed syllable</metSym>
 <metSym value="o">an unstressed syllable</metSym>
 <metSym value="A" terminal="false">xoo</metSym>

Module: header

Appendix C.118 milestone [element]

Description: marks the boundary between sections of a text, as indicated by changes in a standard reference system.

Classes: tei.refsys

Declaration:

<element name="milestone">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="milestone.attributes.ed"/>
 <ref name="milestone.attributes.unit"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.refsys)

ed

indicates which edition or version the milestone applies to.

unit

indicates what kind of section is changing at this milestone. Suggested values include:

page: page breaks in the reference edition.
column: column breaks.
line: line breaks.
book: any units termed book, liber, etc.
poem: individual poems in a collection.
canto: cantos or other major sections of a poem.
stanza: stanzas within a poem, book, or canto.
act: acts within a play.
scene: scenes within a play or act.
section: sections of any kind.
absent: passages not present in the reference edition.

Example:

 <milestone n="23" ed="La" unit="Dreissiger"/>
  ...
  <milestone n="24" ed="AV" unit="verse"/>
  ...

For this element, the global n attribute indicates the new number or other value for the unit which changes at this milestone. The special value ‘unnumbered’ should be used in passages which fall outside the normal numbering scheme (e.g. chapter heads, poem numbers or titles, or speaker attributions in verse drama).

Milestones for page and column should precede milestones for line numbers.

Module: core

Appendix C.119 monogr [element]

Description: (monographic level) contains bibliographic elements describing an item (e.g. a book or journal) published as an independent item (i.e. as a separate physical object).

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="monogr">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <optional>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <group>
     <choice>
      <ref name="author"/>
      <ref name="editor"/>
      <ref name="respStmt"/>
     </choice>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <choice>
       <ref name="author"/>
       <ref name="editor"/>
       <ref name="respStmt"/>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </choice>
     </zeroOrMore>
     <oneOrMore>
      <ref name="title"/>
      <zeroOrMore>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </zeroOrMore>
     </oneOrMore>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <choice>
       <ref name="editor"/>
       <ref name="respStmt"/>
      </choice>
      <zeroOrMore>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </zeroOrMore>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </group>
    <group>
     <oneOrMore>
      <ref name="title"/>
      <zeroOrMore>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </zeroOrMore>
     </oneOrMore>
     <zeroOrMore>
      <choice>
       <ref name="author"/>
       <ref name="editor"/>
       <ref name="respStmt"/>
      </choice>
      <zeroOrMore>
       <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
      </zeroOrMore>
     </zeroOrMore>
    </group>
   </choice>
  </optional>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="note"/>
    <ref name="meeting"/>
   </choice>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="edition"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="editor"/>
     <ref name="respStmt"/>
     <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
    </choice>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <ref name="imprint"/>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="imprint"/>
    <ref name="extent"/>
    <ref name="biblScope"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

May contain specialized bibliographic elements, in a prescribed order.

The <monogr> element may occur only within bibliographic citation or reference elements; it is mandatory for description of the monographic level of <biblStruct> elements.

Module: core

Appendix C.120 name [element]

Description: (name, proper noun) contains a proper noun or noun phrase.

Classes: tei.data: tei.agent: tei.names: tei.addrPart

Declaration:

<element name="name">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.names.attributes"/>
 <ref name="name.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.data: tei.agent: tei.names: tei.addrPart)

type: indicates the type of the object which is being named by the phrase.

Example:

Proper nouns referring to people, places, and organizations may be tagged instead with <persName>, <placeName>, or <orgName>, when the TEI module for names and dates is included.

Module: core

Appendix C.121 normalization [element]

Description: indicates the extent of normalization or regularization of the original source carried out in converting it to electronic form.

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="normalization">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <ref name="normalization.attributes.source"/>
 <ref name="normalization.attributes.method"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.declarable)

source

indicates the authority for any normalization carried out.

method

indicates the method adopted to indicate normalizations within the text. Legal values are:

silent: normalization made silently
tags: normalization represented using editorial tags

Example:

 <editorialDecl>
  <normalization source="WWP" method="tags">
   <p>The use of both upper- and lower-case i, j, u, v, and vv has
          been normalized to modern 20th century typographical practices
          using the <seg type="ident" subtype="gi">orig</seg> element and
          its <seg type="ident" subtype="att ">reg</seg> attribute. ... </p>
  </normalization>
  <normalization source="WWP" method="silent">
   <p>Spacing between words and following punctuation has been
          regularized to zero spaces; spacing between words has been
          regularized to one space.</p>
  </normalization>
 </editorialDecl>

Module: header

Appendix C.122 note [element]

Description: contains a note or annotation.

Classes: tei.notes: tei.biblPart: tei.dictionaryTopLevel

Declaration:

<element name="note">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="note.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="note.attributes.resp"/>
 <ref name="note.attributes.place"/>
 <ref name="note.attributes.anchored"/>
 <ref name="note.attributes.target"/>
 <ref name="note.attributes.targetEnd"/>
 <ref name="macro.specialPara"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.notes: tei.biblPart: tei.dictionaryTopLevel)

type

describes the type of note.

resp

indicates who is responsible for the annotation: author, editor, translator, etc. Sample values include:

auth: note originated with the author of the text.
ed: note added by the editor of the text.
comp: note added by the compiler of a collection.
tr: note added by the translator of a text.
transcr: note added by the transcriber of a text into electronic form.

place

indicates where the note appears in the source text. Sample values include:

foot: note appears at foot of page.
end: note appears at end of chapter or volume.
inline: note appears as a marked paragraph in the body of the text.
left: note appears in left margin.
right: note appears in right margin.
interlinear: note appears between lines of the text.
app: note appears in the apparatus at the foot of the page.

anchored

indicates whether the copy text shows the exact place of reference for the note. Legal values are:

true: copy text indicates the place of attachment for the note.
false: copy text indicates no place of attachment for the note.

target

indicates the point of attachment of a note, or the beginning of the span to which the note is attached.

targetEnd

points to the end of the span to which the note is attached, if the note is not embedded in the text at that point.

Example:

And yet it is not only in the great line of Italian
 renaissance art, but even in the painterly
   <note resp="Tr">
  <term lang="de">Malerisch</term>.
    This word has, in the German, two distinct meanings, one objective, a
    quality residing in the object, the other subjective, a mode of
    apprehension and creation.  To avoid confusion, they have been
    distinguished in English as <mentioned>picturesque</mentioned> and
    <mentioned>painterly</mentioned> respectively.  (Tr.)</note>
 style of the Dutch genre painters of the seventeenth century that
 drapery has this psychological significance.

The global n attribute may be used to supply the symbol or number used to mark the note's point of attachment in the source text, as in the following example:

Mevorakh b. Saadya's mother, the matriarch of the family
 during the second half of the eleventh century,
    <note n="126" anchored="true">
          The alleged mention of Judah Nagid's mother in a letter from
          1071 is, in fact, a reference to Judah's children; cf. above,
          nn. 111 and 54.
     </note>
 is well known from Geniza documents published by Jacob Mann.

However, if notes are numbered in sequence and their numbering can be reconstructed automatically by processing software, it may well be considered unnecessary to record the note numbers.

Module: core

Appendix C.123 notesStmt [element]

Description: (Notes statement) collects together any notes providing information about a text additional to that recorded in other parts of the bibliographic description.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="notesStmt">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="note"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <notesStmt>
  <note>Historical commentary provided by Mark Cohen</note>
  <note>OCR scanning done at University of Toronto</note>
 </notesStmt>

Information of different kinds should not be grouped together into the same note.

Module: header

Appendix C.124 num [element]

Description: (number) contains a number, written in any form.

Classes: tei.data

Declaration:

<element name="num">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="num.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="num.attributes.value"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.data)

type

indicates the type of numeric value. Suggested values include:

cardinal: absolute number, e.g. 21, 21.5
ordinal: ordinal number, e.g. 21st
fraction: fraction, e.g. one half or three halves
percentage: e.g. ten percent

value

supplies the value of the number in an application-dependent standard form.

Example:

 <num type="cardinal" value="21">twenty-one</num>
 <num type="cardinal" value="1.5">1.5</num>
 He stands <num type="cardinal" value="1.9">1 · 90</num>m. high.

Detailed analyses of quantities and units of measure in historical documents should use the feature structure mechanism described in chapter . The <num> element is intended for use in simple applications.

Module: core

Appendix C.125 opener [element]

Description: groups together dateline, byline, salutation, and similar phrases appearing as a preliminary group at the start of a division, especially of a letter.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divtop

Declaration:

<element name="opener">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <text/>
   <ref name="tei.phrase"/>
   <ref name="argument"/>
   <ref name="byline"/>
   <ref name="dateline"/>
   <ref name="epigraph"/>
   <ref name="salute"/>
   <ref name="signed"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <opener>
  <dateline>Walden, this 29. of August 1592</dateline>
 </opener>

Example:

 <opener>
  <dateline>
   <name type="place">Great Marlborough Street</name>
   <date>November 11, 1848</date>
  </dateline>
  <salute>My dear Sir,</salute>
 </opener>
 <p>I am sorry to say that absence from town and other
  circumstances have prevented me from earlier enquiring...</p>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.126 orig [element]

Description: (original form) contains a reading which is marked as following the original, rather than being normalized or corrected.

Classes: tei.edit: tei.chooseable

Declaration:

<element name="orig">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: Global attributes and those inherited from : tei.edit: tei.chooseable

Example:

If all that is desired is to call attention to the original version in the copy text, <orig> may be used alone:

 <l>But this
        will be a <orig>meere</orig> confusion</l>
 <l>And hardly shall we all be <orig>vnderstoode</orig>
 </l>

Example:

More usually, an <orig> will be combined with a regularized form within a <choice> element:

 <l>But this
        will be a <choice>
   <orig>meere</orig>
   <reg>mere</reg>
  </choice> confusion</l>
 <l>And hardly shall we all be <choice>
   <orig>vnderstoode</orig>
   <reg>understood</reg>
  </choice>
 </l>

[Note:

0. Kyd, Spanish Tragedy, (1592) Kv

]

Module: core

Appendix C.127 p [element]

Description: (paragraph) marks paragraphs in prose.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.paragraph: tei.chunk

Declaration:

<element name="p">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Example:

 <p>Hallgerd was outside.
  <q>There is blood on your axe,</q> she said.
  <q>What have you done?</q>
 </p>
 <p>
  <q>I have now arranged that you can be
   married a second time,</q> replied Thjostolf.</p>
 <p>
  <q>Then you must mean that Thorvald is
   dead,</q> she said.</p>
 <p>
  <q>Yes,</q> said Thjostolf.
     <q>And now you must think up some plan for me.</q>
 </p>

In some contexts, the paragraph may have a specialized meaning, e.g. in the tag set for dictionaries, <p> is used to enclose any running text, and thus does not imply text set off as is conventionally done in running prose.

Module: core

Appendix C.128 pb [element]

Description: (page break) marks the boundary between one page of a text and the next in a standard reference system.

Classes: tei.refsys

Declaration:

<element name="pb">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="pb.attributes.ed"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.refsys)

ed: indicates the edition or version in which the page break is located at this point

Example:

On this element, the global n attribute indicates the number or other value associated with the page which follows the point of insertion of this <pb>. Encoders should adopt a clear and consistent policy as to whether the numbers associated with page breaks relate to the physical sequence number of the page or the page number or signature printed on it. By convention, <pb> elements should appear at the start of the page to which they refer.

Module: core

Appendix C.129 phr [element]

Description: (phrase) represents a grammatical phrase.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.seg

Declaration:

<element name="phr">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.seg.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <phr type="verb" function="extraposted modifier">To talk
  <phr type="preposition" function="complement">of
   <phr type="noun" function="object">many things</phr>
  </phr>
 </phr>

Module: analysis

Appendix C.130 postBox [element]

Description: (postBox) contains a number or other identifier for some postal delivery point other than a street address.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.addrPart

Declaration:

<element name="postBox">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <text/>
</element>

Example:

 <postBox>P.O. Box 280</postBox>

Example:

 <postBox>Postbus 532</postBox>

The position and nature of postal codes is highly country-specific; the conventions appropriate to the country concerned should be used.

Module: core

Appendix C.131 postCode [element]

Description: (postCode) contains a numerical or alphanumeric code used as part of a postal address to simplify sorting or delivery of mail.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.addrPart

Declaration:

<element name="postCode">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <text/>
</element>

Example:

 <postCode>HR1 3LR</postCode>

Example:

 <postCode>60142-7</postCode>

The position and nature of postal codes is highly country-specific; the conventions appropriate to the country concerned should be used.

Module: core

Appendix C.132 principal [element]

Description: (principal researcher) supplies the name of the principal researcher responsible for the creation of an electronic text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="principal">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <principal>Gary Taylor</principal>

Module: header

Appendix C.133 profileDesc [element]

Description: (text-profile description) provides a detailed description of non-bibliographic aspects of a text, specifically the languages and sublanguages used, the situation in which it was produced, the participants and their setting.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.header

Declaration:

<element name="profileDesc">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <optional>
   <ref name="creation"/>
  </optional>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.profile"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <profileDesc>
  <langUsage>
   <language ident="fr">French</language>
  </langUsage>
  <textDesc n="novel">
   <channel mode="w">print; part issues</channel>
   <constitution type="single"/>
   <derivation type="original"/>
   <domain type="art"/>
   <factuality type="fiction"/>
   <interaction type="none"/>
   <preparedness type="prepared"/>
   <purpose type="entertain" degree="high"/>
   <purpose type="inform" degree="medium"/>
  </textDesc>
  <settingDesc>
   <setting>
    <name>Paris, France</name>
    <time>Late 19th century</time>
   </setting>
  </settingDesc>
 </profileDesc>

Module: header

Appendix C.134 projectDesc [element]

Description: (project description) describes in detail the aim or purpose for which an electronic file was encoded, together with any other relevant information concerning the process by which it was assembled or collected.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.encoding: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="projectDesc">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <projectDesc>
  <p>Texts collected for use in the Claremont Shakespeare
    Clinic, June 1990</p>
 </projectDesc>

Module: header

Appendix C.135 ptr [element]

Description: defines a pointer to another location in the current document in terms of one or more identifiable elements.

Classes: tei.loc: tei.pointer: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="ptr">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.pointer.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <optional>
  <choice>
   <ref name="ptr.attributes.target"/>
   <ref name="ptr.attributes.cref"/>
  </choice>
 </optional>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.loc: tei.pointer: tei.declaring)

target: specifies the destination of the pointer by supplying one or more URI References
cref: specifies the destination of the pointer by supplying a canonical reference from a scheme defined in a <refsDecl> element in the TEI header

Example:

 <ptr target="#p2 #p5"/>
 <ptr target="#d1"/>

The target and cref attributes are mutually exclusive.

Module: core

Appendix C.136 pubPlace [element]

Description: contains the name of the place where a bibliographic item was published.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.names: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="pubPlace">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.names.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

Module: core

Appendix C.137 publicationStmt [element]

Description: (publication statement) groups information concerning the publication or distribution of an electronic or other text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="publicationStmt">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <choice>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="p"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </oneOrMore>
  <oneOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="publisher"/>
    <ref name="distributor"/>
    <ref name="authority"/>
    <ref name="pubPlace"/>
    <ref name="address"/>
    <ref name="idno"/>
    <ref name="availability"/>
    <ref name="date"/>
   </choice>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </oneOrMore>
 </choice>
</element>

Example:

 <publicationStmt>
  <publisher>C. Muquardt</publisher>
  <pubPlace>Bruxelles & Leipzig</pubPlace>
  <date value="1846"/>
 </publicationStmt>

Example:

 <publicationStmt>
  <publisher>Chadwyck Healey</publisher>
  <pubPlace>Cambridge</pubPlace>
  <availability>
   <p>Available under licence only</p>
  </availability>
  <date value="1992">1992</date>
 </publicationStmt>

Although not enforced by the DTD, it is a requirement for TEI conformance that information about publication place, address, identifier, availability, and date be given in that order, following the name of the publisher, distributor, or authority concerned

Module: header

Appendix C.138 publisher [element]

Description: provides the name of the organization responsible for the publication or distribution of a bibliographic item.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="publisher">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <imprint>
  <pubPlace>Oxford</pubPlace>
  <publisher>Clarendon Press</publisher>
  <date>1987</date>
 </imprint>

Use the full form of the name by which a company is usually referred to, rather than any abbreviation of it which may appear on a title page

Module: core

Appendix C.139 q [element]

Description: (quoted speech or thought) contains a quotation or apparent quotation — a representation of speech or thought marked as being quoted from someone else (whether in fact quoted or not); in narrative, the words are usually those of of a character or speaker; in dictionaries, q may be used to mark real or contrived examples of usage.

Classes: tei.hqinter

Declaration:

<element name="q">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="q.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="q.attributes.direct"/>
 <ref name="q.attributes.who"/>
 <ref name="macro.specialPara"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.hqinter)

type

may be used to indicate whether the quoted matter is spoken or thought, or to characterize it more finely. Sample values include:

spoken: representation of direct speech, usually marked by quotation marks.
thought: representation of thought, e.g. internal monologue.

direct

may be used to indicate whether the quoted matter is regarded as direct or indirect speech. Legal values are:

y: speech or thought is represented directly.
n: speech or thought is represented indirectly, e.g. by use of a marked verbal aspect.
unknown: no claim is made.

who

identifies the speaker of a piece of direct speech.

Example:

And so, as Tiny Tim observed,
 <q type="speech">God Bless Us, Every One!</q>

Module: core

Appendix C.140 quotation [element]

Description: specifies editorial practice adopted with respect to quotation marks in the original.

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="quotation">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <ref name="quotation.attributes.marks"/>
 <ref name="quotation.attributes.form"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.declarable)

marks

indicates whether or not quotation marks have been retained as content within the text. Legal values are:

none: no quotation marks have been retained
some: some quotation marks have been retained
all: all quotation marks have been retained

form

specifies how quotation marks are indicated within the text. Legal values are:

data: quotation marks are retained as data.
rend: the rendition attribute is consistently used to indicate the form of quotation marks.
std: use of quotation marks has been standardized.
nonstd: quotation marks are represented inconsistently.
unknown: use of quotation marks is unknown.

Example:

 <quotation marks="none" form="rend">
  <p>No quote marks have been retained. Instead, the rendition
       attribute on the Q element is used to specify what kinds of
       quote mark was used, according to the following list:
       <list type="gloss">
    <label>dq</label>
    <item>double quotes open and close</item>
    <label>sq</label>
    <item>single quotes open and close</item>
    <label>dash</label>
    <item>long dash open</item>
    <label>dg</label>
    <item>double guillemets open and close</item>
   </list>
  </p>
 </quotation>x

Example:

 <quotation marks="all" form="std">
  <p>All quotation marks are retained in the text and are
         represented by standard entity references</p>
 </quotation>

Module: header

Appendix C.141 quote [element]

Description: (quotation) contains a phrase or passage attributed by the narrator or author to some agency external to the text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.hqinter

Declaration:

<element name="quote">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.specialPara"/>
</element>

Example:

Lexicography has shown little sign of being affected by the
 work of followers of J.R. Firth, probably best summarized
 in his slogan, <quote>You shall know a word by the company it
  keeps</quote>
 <ref>(Firth, 1957)</ref>

If a bibliographic citation is supplied for the source of a quotation, the two may be grouped using the <cit> element.

Module: core

Appendix C.142 recording [element]

Description: (recording event) details of an audio or video recording event used as the source of a spoken text, either directly or from a public broadcast.

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="recording">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <ref name="recording.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="recording.attributes.dur"/>
 <choice>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="p"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="respStmt"/>
    <ref name="equipment"/>
    <ref name="broadcast"/>
    <ref name="date"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </choice>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.declarable)

type

the kind of recording. Legal values are:

audio: audio recording
video: audio and video recording

dur

the original duration of the recording.

Example:

 <recording type="audio" dur="P30M">
  <equipment>
   <p>Recorded on a Sony TR444 walkman by unknown participants; remastered
    	  to digital tape at <placeName>Borehamwood Studios</placeName> by
    	  <orgName>Transcription Services Inc</orgName>.</p>
  </equipment>
 </recording>

Example:

 <recording type="audio" dur="P10M">
  <equipment>
   <p>Recorded from FM Radio to digital tape</p>
  </equipment>
  <broadcast>
   <bibl>
    <title>Interview on foreign policy</title>
    <author>BBC Radio 5</author>
    <respStmt>
     <resp>interviewer</resp>
     <name>Robin Day</name>
    </respStmt>
    <respStmt>
     <resp>interviewee</resp>
     <name>Margaret Thatcher</name>
    </respStmt>
    <series>
     <title>The World Tonight</title>
    </series>
    <note>First broadcast on
             <date value="1989-11-27">27 Nov 89</date>
    </note>
   </bibl>
  </broadcast>
 </recording>

Module: header

Appendix C.143 recordingStmt [element]

Description: (recording statement) describes a set of recordings used in transcription of a spoken text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.sourcedesc

Declaration:

<element name="recordingStmt">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <choice>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="p"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="recording"/>
  </oneOrMore>
 </choice>
</element>

Example:

Module: header

Appendix C.144 ref [element]

Description: defines a reference to another location in the current document, in terms of one or more identifiable elements, possibly modified by additional text or comment.

Classes: tei.loc: tei.pointer: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="ref">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.pointer.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <optional>
  <choice>
   <ref name="ref.attributes.target"/>
   <ref name="ref.attributes.cref"/>
  </choice>
 </optional>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.loc: tei.pointer: tei.declaring)

target: specifies the destination of the reference by supplying one or more URI References
cref: specifies the destination of the reference by supplying a canonical reference from a scheme defined in a <refsDecl> element in the TEI header

Example:

 <ref target="#s234">
  See especially the second sentence</ref>
 See also <ref>s.v. <term>locution</term>
 </ref>.>

The target and cref attributes are mutually exclusive.

Module: core

Appendix C.145 refsDecl [element]

Description: (references declaration) specifies how canonical references are constructed for this text.

Classes: tei.encoding: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="refsDecl">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <ref name="refsDecl.attributes.doctype"/>
 <choice>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="p"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="fragmentPattern"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="state"/>
  </oneOrMore>
 </choice>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.encoding: tei.declarable)

doctype: identifies the document type within which this reference declaration is used.

Example:

 <refsDecl>
  <fragmentPattern re="([A-Za-z0-9]+) ([0-9]+):([0-9]+)" pat="#xpath(//body/div[@n='$1']/div[$2]/div3[$3])"/>
 </refsDecl>

This example is a formal representation for the referencing scheme described informally in the following example.

Example:

 <refsDecl>
  <p>References are made up by concatenating the value for the
           <att>n</att> attribute on the highest level <gi>div</gi>
           element, followed by a space, followed by the sequential
           number of the next level <gi>div</gi> followed by a colon
           follwed by the sequential number of the next (and lowest)
           level <gi>div</gi>.</p>
 </refsDecl>

Module: header

Appendix C.146 reg [element]

Description: (regularization) contains a reading which has been regularized or normalized in some sense.

Classes: tei.edit: tei.chooseable

Declaration:

<element name="reg">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="reg.attributes.resp"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.edit: tei.chooseable)

resp: identifies the individual responsible for the regularization of the word or phrase.

Example:

If all that is desired is to call attention to the fact that the copy text has been regularized, <reg> may be used alone:

 <q>Please <reg>knock</reg> if an <reg>answer</reg>
       is <reg>required</reg>
 </q>

Example:

It is also possible to identify the individual responsible for the regularization, and, using the <choice> and <orig> elements, to provide both the original and regularized readings:

 <q>Please
    <choice>
   <reg>knock</reg>
   <orig>cnk</orig>
  </choice> if an
    <choice>
   <reg>answer</reg>
   <orig>nsr</orig>
  </choice> is
    <choice>
   <reg>required</reg>
   <orig>reqd</orig>
  </choice>
 </q>

Module: core

Appendix C.147 rendition [element]

Description: (rendition) supplies information about the intended rendition of one or more elements.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="rendition">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Example:

The present release of these Guidelines does not specify the content of this element in any further detail. It may be used to hold an description of the default rendition to be associated with the specified element, expressed in running prose, or in some more formal language such as CSS.

Module: header

Appendix C.148 resp [element]

Description: contains a phrase describing the nature of a person's intellectual responsibility.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="resp">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <respStmt>
  <resp>compiler</resp>
  <name>Edward Child</name>
 </respStmt>

Module: core

Appendix C.149 respStmt [element]

Description: (statement of responsibility) supplies a statement of responsibility for someone responsible for the intellectual content of a text, edition, recording, or series, where the specialized elements for authors, editors, etc. do not suffice or do not apply.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="respStmt">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="resp"/>
   <ref name="name"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <respStmt>
  <resp>transcribed from original ms</resp>
  <name>Claus Huitfeldt</name>
 </respStmt>

Example:

 <respStmt>
  <resp>converted to SGML encoding</resp>
  <name>Alan Morrison</name>
 </respStmt>

Module: core

Appendix C.150 revisionDesc [element]

Description: (revision description) summarizes the revision history for a file.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="revisionDesc">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <choice>
  <ref name="list"/>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="change"/>
  </oneOrMore>
 </choice>
</element>

Example:

 <revisionDesc>
  <change>
   <date>11 Nov 91</date>
   <respStmt>
    <name>EB</name>
    <resp>ed</resp>
   </respStmt>
   <item>Deleted chapter 10</item>
  </change>
 </revisionDesc>

Record changes with most recent changes at the top of the list.

Module: header

Appendix C.151 row [element]

Description: contains one row of a table.

Declaration:

<element name="row">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="row.attributes.role"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="cell"/>
   <ref name="table"/>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

role

indicates the kind of information held in the cells of this row. Suggested values include:

label: labelling or descriptive information only.
data: data values.

Example:

 <row role="data">
  <cell role="label">Classics</cell>
  <cell>Idle listless and unimproving</cell>
 </row>

Module: figures

Appendix C.152 rs [element]

Description: (referencing string) contains a general purpose name or referring string.

Classes: tei.data: tei.names

Declaration:

<element name="rs">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.names.attributes"/>
 <ref name="rs.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.data: tei.names)

type: indicates more specifically the object referred to by the referencing string. Values might include ‘person’, ‘place’, ‘ship’, ‘element’ etc.

Example:

 <q>My dear <rs type="person">Mr. Bennet</rs>, </q>
 said <rs type="person">his lady</rs> to him one day,
 <q>have you heard that <rs type="place">Netherfield
   Park</rs> is let at last?</q>

Module: core

Appendix C.153 s [element]

Description: (s-unit) contains a sentence-like division of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.seg

Declaration:

<element name="s">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.seg.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <s>When are you leaving?</s>
 <s>Tomorrow.</s>

May contain character data, phrase-level and segmentation class elements, other than <s>.

The <s> element may be used to mark orthographic sentences, or any other segmentation of a text, provided that the segmentation is end-to-end, complete, and non-nesting. For other kinds of segmentation, the <seg> element should be used.

Module: analysis

Appendix C.154 salute [element]

Description: (salutation) contains a salutation or greeting prefixed to a foreword, dedicatory epistle, or other division of a text, or the salutation in the closing of a letter, preface, etc.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divtop: tei.divbot

Declaration:

<element name="salute">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <salute>To all courteous mindes, that will voutchsafe the
  readinge.</salute>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.155 samplingDecl [element]

Description: (sampling declaration) contains a prose description of the rationale and methods used in sampling texts in the creation of a corpus or collection.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.encoding: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="samplingDecl">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

This element records all information about systematic inclusion or omission of portions of the text, whether a reflection of sampling procedures in the pure sense or of systematic omission of material deemed either too difficult to transcribe or not of sufficient interest.

Module: header

Appendix C.156 scriptStmt [element]

Description: (script statement) contains a citation giving details of the script used for a spoken text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.sourcedesc: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="scriptStmt">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <choice>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="p"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <ref name="bibl"/>
  <ref name="biblFull"/>
  <ref name="biblStruct"/>
 </choice>
</element>

Example:

Module: header

Appendix C.157 seg [element]

Description: (arbitrary segment) contains any arbitrary phrase-level unit of text (including other seg elements).

Classes: tei.segment: tei.seg: tei.chooseable

Declaration:

<element name="seg">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.seg.attributes"/>
 <ref name="seg.attributes.subtype"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.segment: tei.seg: tei.chooseable)

subtype: provides a sub-categorization of the segment marked.

Example:

 <seg>When are you leaving?</seg>
 <seg>Tomorrow.</seg>

Example:

 <s>
  <seg rend="caps" type="typographic part-line">So father's only</seg>
  glory was the ballfield.
  </s>

Example:

 <seg type="preamble">
  <seg>Sigmund,
      <seg type="patronym">the son of Volsung</seg>,
     was a king in Frankish country.</seg>
  <seg>Sinfiotli was the eldest of his sons ...</seg>
  <seg>Borghild, Sigmund's wife, had a brother ...</seg>
 </seg>

The <seg> element may be used at the encoder's discretion to mark any segments of the text of interest for processing. One use of the element is to mark text features for which no appropriate markup is otherwise defined — i.e. as a simple extension mechanism. Another use is to provide an identifier for some segment which is to be pointed at by some other element — i.e. to provide a target, or a part of a target, for a <ptr> or other similar element.

Module: linking

Appendix C.158 segmentation [element]

Description: describes the principles according to which the text has been segmented, for example into sentences, tone-units, graphemic strata, etc.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="segmentation">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

Module: header

Appendix C.159 series [element]

Description: (series information) contains information about the series in which a book or other bibliographic item has appeared.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.biblPart

Declaration:

<element name="series">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <text/>
   <ref name="title"/>
   <ref name="editor"/>
   <ref name="respStmt"/>
   <ref name="biblScope"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

Module: core

Appendix C.160 seriesStmt [element]

Description: (series statement) groups information about the series, if any, to which a publication belongs.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="seriesStmt">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <choice>
  <group>
   <oneOrMore>
    <ref name="title"/>
   </oneOrMore>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <choice>
     <ref name="idno"/>
     <ref name="respStmt"/>
    </choice>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </group>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="p"/>
  </oneOrMore>
 </choice>
</element>

Example:

 <seriesStmt>
  <title>Machine-Readable Texts for the Study of Indian
                  Literature</title>
  <respStmt>
   <resp>ed. by</resp>
   <name>Jan Gonda</name>
  </respStmt>
  <idno type="vol">1.2</idno>
  <idno type="ISSN">0 345 6789</idno>
 </seriesStmt>

Module: header

Appendix C.161 sic [element]

Description: contains text reproduced although apparently incorrect or inaccurate.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.edit: tei.chooseable

Declaration:

<element name="sic">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.specialPara"/>
</element>

Example:

for his nose was as sharp as a pen, and <sic>a Table</sic> of green fields.

Example:

If all that is desired is to call attention to the apparent problem in the copy text, <sic> may be used alone:

I don't know, Juan. It's so far in the past
       now — how <sic>we can</sic> prove or disprove anyone's theories?

Example:

It is also possible, using the <choice> and <corr> elements, to provide a correct reading and to identify the individual responsible for the correction:

I don't know, Juan. It's so far in the past
       now — how <choice>
  <sic>we can</sic>
  <corr resp="msm">can we</corr>
 </choice> prove or disprove anyone's theories?

Example:

for his nose was as sharp as a pen,
 and <choice>
  <sic>a Table</sic>
  <corr resp="gifford">a' babbled</corr>
 </choice> of green fields.

Module: core

Appendix C.162 signed [element]

Description: (signature) contains the closing salutation, etc., appended to a foreword, dedicatory epistle, or other division of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divtop: tei.divbot

Declaration:

<element name="signed">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <signed>Thine to command <name>Humph. Moseley</name>
 </signed>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.163 soCalled [element]

Description: (so called) contains a word or phrase for which the author or narrator indicates a disclaiming of responsibility, for example by the use of scare quotes or italics.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.hqphrase

Declaration:

<element name="soCalled">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

To edge his way along the crowded paths of life, warning
 all human sympathy to keep its distance, was what the
 knowing ones call <soCalled>nuts</soCalled> to Scrooge.

Module: core

Appendix C.164 sourceDesc [element]

Description: supplies a description of the source text(s) from which an electronic text was derived or generated.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="sourceDesc">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="p"/>
   <ref name="bibl"/>
   <ref name="biblFull"/>
   <ref name="biblStruct"/>
   <ref name="listBibl"/>
   <ref name="tei.sourcedesc"/>
  </choice>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <sourceDesc>
  <p>No source: created in machine-readable form.</p>
 </sourceDesc>

Module: header

Appendix C.165 sp [element]

Description: (speech) An individual speech in a performance text, or a passage presented as such in a prose or verse text.

Classes: tei.chunk

Declaration:

<element name="sp">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="sp.attributes.who"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <optional>
   <ref name="speaker"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
  <oneOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="p"/>
    <ref name="l"/>
    <ref name="lg"/>
    <ref name="tei.segment"/>
    <ref name="stage"/>
   </choice>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </oneOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.chunk)

who: identifies the speaker of the part by supplying an IDREF value.

Example:

 <sp>
  <speaker>The reverend Doctor Opimiam</speaker>
  <p>I do not think I have named a single unpresentable fish.</p>
 </sp>
 <sp>
  <speaker>Mr Gryll</speaker>
  <p>Bream, Doctor: there is not much to be said for bream.</p>
 </sp>
 <sp>
  <speaker>The Reverend Doctor Opimiam</speaker>
  <p>On the contrary, sir, I think there is much to be said for him.
   In the first place....</p>
  <p>Fish, Miss Gryll — I could discourse to you on fish by the hour:
   but for the present I will forbear...</p>
 </sp>

Lines or paragraphs, stage directions, and phrase-level elements.

The who attribute on this element may be used either in addition to the <speaker> element or as an alternative.

Module: core

Appendix C.166 span [element]

Description: (span) associates an interpretative annotation directly with a span of text.

Classes: tei.interpret: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="span">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.interpret.attributes"/>
 <ref name="span.attributes.value"/>
 <ref name="span.attributes.from"/>
 <ref name="span.attributes.to"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.interpret: tei.metadata)

value: identifies the specific phenomenon being annotated.
from: specifies the beginning of the passage being annotated; if not accompanied by a to attribute, then specifies the entire passage.
to: specifies the end of the passage being annotated.

Example:

 <span resp="TMA" type="structural unit" value="aftermath" from="#p2" to="#p4"/>

Module: analysis

Appendix C.167 spanGrp [element]

Description: (span group) collects together span tags.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.interpret: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="spanGrp">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.interpret.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <ref name="span"/>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <spanGrp resp="TMA" type="collection of structural units">
  <span value="introduction" from="#s1" to="#s3"/>
  <span value="conflict" from="#s4a"/>
  <span value="climax" from="#s4b"/>
  <span value="revenge" from="#s5" to="#sx"/>
  <span value="reconciliation" from="#nil1"/>
  <span value="aftermath" from="#p2" to="#p4"/>
 </spanGrp>

Any number of <span> elements.

Module: analysis

Appendix C.168 speaker [element]

Description: A specialized form of heading or label, giving the name of one or more speakers in a dramatic text or fragment.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="speaker">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <sp who="#ni #rsa">
  <speaker>Nancy and Robert</speaker>
  <stage type="delivery">(speaking simultaneously)</stage>
  <p>The future? ...</p>
 </sp>

The who attribute on the <sp> element may be used either in addition to this element or as an alternative.

Module: core

Appendix C.169 sponsor [element]

Description: specifies the name of a sponsoring organization or institution.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="sponsor">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <sponsor>Association for Computers and the Humanities</sponsor>
 <sponsor>Association for Computational Linguistics</sponsor>
 <sponsor>Association for Literary and Linguistic Computing</sponsor>

Sponsors give their intellectual authority to a project; they are to be distinguished from funders, who provide the funding but do not necessarily take intellectual responsibility.

Module: header

Appendix C.170 stage [element]

Description: (stage direction) contains any kind of stage direction within a dramatic text or fragment.

Classes: tei.inter: tei.common

Declaration:

<element name="stage">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="stage.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="macro.specialPara"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.inter: tei.common)

type

indicates the kind of stage direction. Suggested values include:

setting: describes a setting.
entrance: describes an entrance.
exit: describes an exit.
business: describes stage business.
novelistic: is a narrative, motivating stage direction.
delivery: describes how a character speaks.
modifier: gives some detail about a character.
location: describes a location.
mixed: more than one of the above

Example:

 <stage type="setting">A curtain being drawn.</stage>
 <stage type="setting">Music</stage>
 <stage type="entrance">Enter Husband as being thrown off his
  horse.</stage>
 <stage type="exit">Exit pursued by a bear.</stage>
 <stage type="business">He quickly takes the stone out.</stage>
 <stage type="delivery">To Lussurioso.</stage>
 <stage type="novelistic">Having had enough, and embarrassed for
  the family.</stage>
 <stage type="modifier">Disguised as Ansaldo.</stage>
 <stage type="location">At a window.</stage>
 <stage rend="inline" type="delivery">Aside.</stage>

Module: core

Appendix C.171 state [element]

Description: specifies one component of a canonical reference defined by the milestone method.

Declaration:

<element name="state">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="state.attributes.ed"/>
 <ref name="state.attributes.unit"/>
 <ref name="state.attributes.length"/>
 <ref name="state.attributes.delim"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

ed

indicates which edition or version the milestone applies to.

unit

indicates what kind of state is changing at this milestone. Suggested values include:

page: page breaks in the reference edition.
column: column breaks.
line: line breaks.
book: any units termed book, liber, etc.
poem: individual poems in a collection.
canto: cantos or other major sections of a poem.
stanza: stanzas within a poem, book, or canto.
act: acts within a play.
scene: scenes within a play or act.
section: sections of any kind.
absent: passages not present in the reference edition.

length

specifies the fixed length of the reference component.

delim

supplies a delimiting string following the reference component.

Example:

 <state unit="book" delim=":"/>
 <state unit="line" length="4"/>

Module: header

Appendix C.172 stdVals [element]

Description: (Standard values) specifies the format used when standardized date or number values are supplied.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="stdVals">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.paragraph"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <stdVals>
  <p>Dates are represented in ISO order: YYYYMMDD.</p>
  <p>All integer numbers are left-filled to 8 digits.</p>
 </stdVals>

Module: header

Appendix C.173 street [element]

Description: (street) a full street address including any name or number identifying a building as well as the name of the street or route on which it is located.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.addrPart

Declaration:

<element name="street">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <street>via della Faggiola, 36</street>

Example:

 <street>
  <name>Duntaggin</name>, 110 Southmoor Road</street>

The order and presentation of house names and numbers and street names, etc., may vary considerably in different countries. The encoding should reflect the order which is appropriate in the country concerned.

Module: core

Appendix C.174 table [element]

Description: contains text displayed in tabular form, in rows and columns.

Classes: tei.inter: tei.common

Declaration:

<element name="table">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="table.attributes.rows"/>
 <ref name="table.attributes.cols"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="head"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="row"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </oneOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.inter: tei.common)

rows: indicates the number of rows in the table.
cols: indicates the number of columns in each row of the table.

Example:

 <table rows="4" cols="4">
  <head>Poor Men's Lodgings in Norfolk (Mayhew, 1843)</head>
  <row role="label">
   <cell role="data"/>
   <cell role="data">Dossing Cribs or Lodging Houses</cell>
   <cell role="data">Beds</cell>
   <cell role="data">Needys or Nightly Lodgers</cell>
  </row>
  <row role="data">
   <cell role="label">Bury St Edmund's</cell>
   <cell role="data">5</cell>
   <cell role="data">8</cell>
   <cell role="data">128</cell>
  </row>
  <row role="data">
   <cell role="label">Thetford</cell>
   <cell role="data">3</cell>
   <cell role="data">6</cell>
   <cell role="data">36</cell>
  </row>
  <row role="data">
   <cell role="label">Attleboro'</cell>
   <cell role="data">3</cell>
   <cell role="data">5</cell>
   <cell role="data">20</cell>
  </row>
  <row role="data">
   <cell role="label">Wymondham</cell>
   <cell role="data">1</cell>
   <cell role="data">11</cell>
   <cell role="data">22</cell>
  </row>
 </table>

Contains an optional heading and a series of rows.

Any rendition information should be supplied using the global rend attribute, at the table, row, or cell level as appropriate.

Module: figures

Appendix C.175 tagUsage [element]

Description: (tagUsage) supplies information about the usage of a specific element within a text.

Declaration:

<element name="tagUsage">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tagUsage.attributes.gi"/>
 <ref name="tagUsage.attributes.occurs"/>
 <ref name="tagUsage.attributes.withId"/>
 <ref name="tagUsage.attributes.render"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

gi: the name (generic identifier) of the element indicated by the tag.
occurs: specifies the number of occurrences of this element within the text.
withId: specifies the number of occurrences of this element within the text which bear a distinct value for the global xml:id attribute.
render: specifies the identifier of a <rendition> element which defines how this element is to be rendered.

Example:

 <tagUsage gi="hi" occurs="28" withId="2" render="#it">
  Used only to mark English words italicised in the copy text
  </tagUsage>

Module: header

Appendix C.176 tagsDecl [element]

Description: (tagging declaration) provides detailed information about the tagging applied to an SGML or XML document.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.encoding

Declaration:

<element name="tagsDecl">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="rendition"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tagUsage"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

Module: header

Appendix C.177 taxonomy [element]

Description: (taxonomy) defines a typology used to classify texts either implicitly, by means of a bibliographic citation, or explicitly by a structured taxonomy.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="taxonomy">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <choice>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="category"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <group>
   <choice>
    <ref name="bibl"/>
    <ref name="biblStruct"/>
    <ref name="biblFull"/>
   </choice>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="category"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </group>
 </choice>
</element>

Example:

 <taxonomy id="tax.b">
  <bibl>Brown Corpus</bibl>
  <category id="tax.b.a">
   <catDesc>Press Reportage</catDesc>
   <category id="tax.b.a1">
    <catDesc>Daily</catDesc>
   </category>
   <category id="tax.b.a2">
    <catDesc>Sunday</catDesc>
   </category>
   <category id="tax.b.a3">
    <catDesc>National</catDesc>
   </category>
   <category id="tax.b.a4">
    <catDesc>Provincial</catDesc>
   </category>
   <category id="tax.b.a5">
    <catDesc>Political</catDesc>
   </category>
   <category id="tax.b.a6">
    <catDesc>Sports</catDesc>
   </category>
  </category>
  <category id="tax.b.d">
   <catDesc>Religion</catDesc>
   <category id="tax.b.d1">
    <catDesc>Books</catDesc>
   </category>
   <category id="tax.b.d2">
    <catDesc>Periodicals and tracts</catDesc>
   </category>
  </category>
 </taxonomy>

Module: header

Appendix C.178 teiCorpus [element]

Description: (TEI corpus) contains the whole of a TEI encoded corpus, comprising a single corpus header and one or more TEI elements, each containing a single text header and a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="teiCorpus">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <ref name="teiHeader"/>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="TEI"/>
  </oneOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <teiCorpus>
  <teiHeader/>
  <TEI>
   <teiHeader/>
   <text/>
  </TEI>
  <TEI>
   <teiHeader/>
   <text/>
  </TEI>
 </teiCorpus>

Must contain one TEI header for the corpus, and a series of <TEI> elements, one for each text.

This element is mandatory when applicable.

Module: core

Appendix C.179 teiHeader [element]

Description: (TEI Header) supplies the descriptive and declarative information making up an electronic title page prefixed to every TEI-conformant text.

Classes: tei.teiHeader

Declaration:

<element name="teiHeader">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="teiHeader.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="teiHeader.attributes.creator"/>
 <ref name="teiHeader.attributes.status"/>
 <ref name="teiHeader.attributes.dateCreated"/>
 <ref name="teiHeader.attributes.dateUpdated"/>
 <group>
  <ref name="fileDesc"/>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.header"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <optional>
   <ref name="revisionDesc"/>
  </optional>
 </group>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.teiHeader)

type

specifies the kind of document to which the header is attached. Sample values include:

text: the header is attached to a single text.
corpus: the header is attached to a corpus.

creator

identifies the creator of the TEI Header.

status

indicates whether the header is new or has been substantially revised. Legal values are:

new: the header is a new header.
update: the header is an update (has been revised).

dateCreated

indicates when the first version of the header was created.

dateUpdated

indicates when the current version of the header was created.

Example:

 <teiHeader>
  <fileDesc>
   <titleStmt>
    <title>Shakespeare: the first folio (1623) in electronic form</title>
    <author>Shakespeare, William (1564–1616)</author>
    <respStmt>
     <resp>Originally prepared by</resp>
     <name>Trevor Howard-Hill</name>
    </respStmt>
    <respStmt>
     <resp>Revised and edited by</resp>
     <name>Christine Avern-Carr</name>
    </respStmt>
   </titleStmt>
   <publicationStmt>
    <distributor>Oxford Text Archive</distributor>
    <address>
     <addrLine>13 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6NN, UK</addrLine>
    </address>
    <idno type="OTA">119</idno>
    <availability>
     <p>Freely available on a non-commercial basis.</p>
    </availability>
    <date value="1968">1968</date>
   </publicationStmt>
   <sourceDesc>
    <bibl>The first folio of Shakespeare, prepared by Charlton Hinman
     		(The Norton Facsimile, 1968)</bibl>
   </sourceDesc>
  </fileDesc>
  <encodingDesc>
   <projectDesc>
    <p>Originally prepared for use in the production of a series of
     		old-spelling concordances in 1968, this text was extensively
     		checked and revised for use during the editing of the new Oxford
     		Shakespeare (Wells and Taylor, 1989).</p>
   </projectDesc>
   <editorialDecl>
    <correction>
     <p>Turned letters are silently corrected.</p>
    </correction>
    <normalization>
     <p>Original spelling and typography is retained, except
      		  that long s  and ligatured forms are not encoded.</p>
    </normalization>
   </editorialDecl>
   <refsDecl id="ASLREF">
    <fragmentPattern re="(\S+) ([^.]+)\.(.*)" pat="#xpath(//div1[@n='$1']/div2/[@n='$2']//lb[@n='$3'])">
     <p>A reference is created by assembling the following,
      	      in the reverse order as that listed here:
      	      <list>
       <item>the <att>n</att> value of the preceding <gi>lb</gi>
       </item>
       <item>a period</item>
       <item>the <att>n</att> value of the ancestor <gi>div2</gi>
       </item>
       <item>a space</item>
       <item>the <att>n</att> value of the parent <gi>div1</gi>
       </item>
      </list>
     </p>
    </fragmentPattern>
   </refsDecl>
  </encodingDesc>
  <revisionDesc>
   <list>
    <item>
     <date value="1989-04-12">12 Apr 89</date> Last checked by CAC</item>
    <item>
     <date value="1989-03-01">1 Mar 89</date> LB made new file</item>
   </list>
  </revisionDesc>
 </teiHeader>

One of the few elements unconditionally required in any TEI document; the header may also be exchanged as an independent document.

Module: header

Appendix C.180 term [element]

Description: contains a single-word, multi-word, or symbolic designation which is regarded as a technical term.

Classes: tei.hqphrase: tei.declaring

Declaration:

<element name="term">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <ref name="term.attributes.type"/>
 <optional>
  <choice>
   <ref name="term.attributes.target"/>
   <ref name="term.attributes.cref"/>
  </choice>
 </optional>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.hqphrase: tei.declaring)

type

classifies the term using some typology.

Choice:

target: identifies the associated <gloss> element by an absolute or relative URI reference
cref: identifies the associated <gloss> element using a canonical reference from a scheme defined in a <refsDecl> element in the TEI header

Example:

A computational device that infers structure from grammatical
 strings of words is known as a <term>parser</term>, and much
 of the history of NLP over the last 20 years has been occupied
 with the design of parsers.

Example:

We may define <term id="TDPV" rend="sc">discoursal point of view</term>
 as <gloss target="#TDPV">the relationship, expressed through discourse
  structure, between the implied author or some other addresser,
  and the fiction.</gloss>

In formal terminological work, there is frequently discussion over whether terms must be atomic or may include multi-word lexical items, symbolic designations, or phraseological units. The <term> element may be used to mark any of these. No position is taken on the philosophical issue of what a term can be; the looser definition simply allows the <term> element to be used by practitioners of any persuasion.

The target and cref attributes are mutually exclusive.

Module: core

Appendix C.181 text [element]

Description: contains a single text of any kind, whether unitary or composite, for example a poem or drama, a collection of essays, a novel, a dictionary, or a corpus sample.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.inter: tei.declaring: tei.teiText

Declaration:

<element name="text">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declaring.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <optional>
   <ref name="front"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
  <choice>
   <ref name="body"/>
   <ref name="group"/>
  </choice>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <optional>
   <ref name="back"/>
   <zeroOrMore>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </zeroOrMore>
  </optional>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <text>
  <front>
   <docTitle>
    <titlePart>Autumn Haze</titlePart>
   </docTitle>
  </front>
  <body>
   <l>Is it a dragonfly or a maple leaf</l>
   <l>That settles softly down upon the water?</l>
  </body>
 </text>

Example:

The body of a text may be replaced by a group of nested texts, as in the following schematic:

 <text>
  <front/>
  <group>
   <text>
    <front/>
    <body/>
    <back/>
   </text>
   <text/>
  </group>
 </text>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.182 textClass [element]

Description: (text classification) groups information which describes the nature or topic of a text in terms of a standard classification scheme, thesaurus, etc.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.profile: tei.declarable

Declaration:

<element name="textClass">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.declarable.attributes"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <ref name="classCode"/>
   <ref name="catRef"/>
   <ref name="keywords"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Example:

 <textClass>
  <catRef target="#TC1"/>
  <classCode scheme="#DD12">001.9</classCode>
  <keywords scheme="http://www.lcsh.org">
   <list>
    <item>End of the world</item>
    <item>History - philosophy</item>
   </list>
  </keywords>
 </textClass>

Module: header

Appendix C.183 time [element]

Description: contains a phrase defining a time of day in any format.

Classes: tei.data

Declaration:

<element name="time">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="time.attributes.value"/>
 <ref name="time.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="time.attributes.zone"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.data)

value

gives the value of the time in standard form, e.g. as hh:mm.

type

indicates something about the type of temporal expression being tagged. Legal values are:

am: indicates a temporal expression made on the basis of a twelve-hour clock and referring to a time between midnight and noon.
pm: indicates a temporal expression made on the basis of a twelve-hour clock and referring to a time between noon and midnight.
military: indicates a temporal expression made on the basis of a twenty-four-hour clock.
descriptive: indicates a temporal expression made in descriptive terms, e.g. noon.

zone

indicates time zone or place name wherever this is necessary to evaluate a temporal expression.

Example:

As he sat smiling, the quarter struck —
 	  <time value="11:45:00">the quarter to twelve</time>.

Module: core

Appendix C.184 timeRange [element]

Description: (time range) contains two times or another phrase indicating a time period.

Classes: tei.data

Declaration:

<element name="timeRange">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="timeRange.attributes.from"/>
 <ref name="timeRange.attributes.to"/>
 <ref name="timeRange.attributes.exact"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.data)

from

indicates the starting point of the time period in a standard form, usually hh:mm.

to

indicates the ending point of the time period in standard form, usually hh:mm.

exact

indicates the precision to be attached to either or both times specified. Legal values are:

to: the to time is exact
from: the from time is exact
both: both times are exact
none: both times are approximate or unspecified

Example:

Module: core

Appendix C.185 timeline [element]

Description: (timeline) provides a set of ordered points in time which can be linked to elements of a spoken text to create a temporal alignment of that text.

Classes: tei.metadata

Declaration:

<element name="timeline">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="timeline.attributes.origin"/>
 <ref name="timeline.attributes.unit"/>
 <ref name="timeline.attributes.interval"/>
 <oneOrMore>
  <ref name="when"/>
 </oneOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.metadata)

origin: designates the origin of the timeline, i.e. the time at which it begins.
unit: specifies the unit of time corresponding to the interval value of the timeline or of its constituent points in time.
interval: specifies the numeric portion of a time interval

Example:

 <timeline id="TL01" origin="#TL-w0" unit="centisecond">
  <when id="TL-w0" absolute="11:30:00"/>
  <when id="TL-w1" interval="-1" since="#TL-w0"/>
  <when id="TL-w2" interval="10" since="#TL-w1"/>
  <when id="TL-w3" interval="20" since="#TL-w2"/>
  <when id="TL-w4" interval="15" since="#TL-w3"/>
  <when id="TL-w5" interval="25" since="#TL-w4"/>
  <when id="TL-w6" interval="10" since="#TL-w5"/>
 </timeline>

one or more points in time, one of which is its origin

Module: linking

Appendix C.186 title [element]

Description: contains the title of a work, whether article, book, journal, or series, including any alternative titles or subtitles.

Classes: tei.hqphrase

Declaration:

<element name="title">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="title.attributes.level"/>
 <ref name="title.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.hqphrase)

level

indicates whether this is the title of an article, book, journal, series, or unpublished material. Legal values are:

a: analytic title (article, poem, or other item published as part of a larger item)
m: monographic title (book, collection, or other item published as a distinct item, including single volumes of multi-volume works)
j: journal title
s: series title
u: title of unpublished material (including theses and dissertations unless published by a commercial press)

type

classifies the title according to some convenient typology. Sample values include:

main: main title
subordinate: subtitle, title of part
parallel: alternate title, often in another language, by which the work is also known
abbreviated: abbreviated form of title

Example:

 <title>La vie mode d'emploi. Romans.</title>

Example:

 <title>Synthese: an international journal for epistemology, methodology
  and history of science</title>

Example:

 <title>Information Technology and the Research Process: Proceedings
  of a conference held at Cranfield Institute of Technology, UK, 18–21
  July 1989</title>

Example:

 <title>Hardy's Tess of the D'Urbervilles: a machine readable edition</title>

Module: core

Appendix C.187 titlePage [element]

Description: (title page) contains the title page of a text, appearing within the front or back matter.

Classes: tei.front

Declaration:

<element name="titlePage">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="titlePage.attributes.type"/>
 <group>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </zeroOrMore>
  <ref name="tei.tpParts"/>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="tei.tpParts"/>
    <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.front)

type: classifies the title page according to any convenient typology.

Example:

 <titlePage>
  <docTitle>
   <titlePart type="main">THOMAS OF Reading.</titlePart>
   <titlePart type="alt">OR, The sixe worthy yeomen
             of the West.</titlePart>
  </docTitle>
  <docEdition>Now the fourth time corrected and enlarged</docEdition>
  <byline>By T.D.</byline>
  <figure>
   <head>TP</head>
   <p>Thou shalt labor till thou returne to duste</p>
   <figDesc>Printers Ornament used by TP</figDesc>
  </figure>
  <docImprint>Printed at <name type="place">London</name>
            for <name>T.P.</name>
   <date>1612.</date>
  </docImprint>
 </titlePage>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.188 titlePart [element]

Description: (title part) contains a subsection or division of the title of a work, as indicated on a title page.

Classes: tei.tpParts: tei.fmchunk

Declaration:

<element name="titlePart">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="titlePart.attributes.type"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.tpParts: tei.fmchunk)

type

specifies the role of this subdivision of the title. Suggested values include:

main: main title of the work
sub: subtitle of the work
alt: alternative title of the work
desc: descriptive paraphrase of the work included in title

Example:

 <docTitle>
  <titlePart type="main">THE FORTUNES
     AND MISFORTUNES Of the FAMOUS
     Moll Flanders, &c.
     </titlePart>
  <titlePart type="desc">Who was BORN in NEWGATE,
     And during a Life of continu'd Variety for
     Threescore Years, besides her Childhood, was
     Twelve Year a <hi>Whore</hi>, five times a <hi>Wife</hi> (wherof
     once to her own Brother) Twelve Year a <hi>Thief,</hi>
     Eight Year a Transported <hi>Felon</hi> in <hi>Virginia</hi>,
     at last grew <hi>Rich</hi>, liv'd <hi>Honest</hi>, and died a
     <hi>Penitent</hi>.</titlePart>
 </docTitle>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.189 titleStmt [element]

Description: (title statement) groups information about the title of a work and those responsible for its intellectual content.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Declaration:

<element name="titleStmt">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <group>
  <oneOrMore>
   <ref name="title"/>
  </oneOrMore>
  <zeroOrMore>
   <choice>
    <ref name="author"/>
    <ref name="editor"/>
    <ref name="sponsor"/>
    <ref name="funder"/>
    <ref name="principal"/>
    <ref name="respStmt"/>
   </choice>
  </zeroOrMore>
 </group>
</element>

Example:

 <titleStmt>
  <title>Capgrave's Life of St. John Norbert:  a machine-readable
         transcription</title>
  <respStmt>
   <resp>compiled by</resp>
   <name>P.J. Lucas</name>
  </respStmt>
 </titleStmt>

Module: header

Appendix C.190 trailer [element]

Description: (trailer) contains a closing title or footer appearing at the end of a division of a text.

Attributes: Global attributes only

Classes: tei.divbot

Declaration:

<element name="trailer">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</element>

Example:

 <trailer>Explicit pars tertia</trailer>

Module: textstructure

Appendix C.191 unclear [element]

Description: contains a word, phrase, or passage which cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible or inaudible in the source.

Classes: tei.edit: tei.chooseable

Declaration:

<element name="unclear">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="unclear.attributes.reason"/>
 <ref name="unclear.attributes.resp"/>
 <ref name="unclear.attributes.cert"/>
 <ref name="unclear.attributes.hand"/>
 <ref name="unclear.attributes.agent"/>
 <ref name="macro.paraContent"/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.edit: tei.chooseable)

reason: indicates why the material is hard to transcribe.
resp: indicates the individual responsible for the transcription of the word, phrase, or passage contained with the <unclear> element.
cert: signifies the degree of certainty ascribed to the transcription of the text contained within the <unclear> element.
hand: Where the difficulty in transcription arises from action (partial deletion, etc.) assignable to an identifiable hand, signifies the hand responsible for the action.
agent: Where the difficulty in transcription arises from an identifiable cause, signifies the causative agent.

Example:

The same element is used for all cases of uncertainty in the transcription of element content, whether for written or spoken material. For other aspects of certainty, uncertainty, and reliability of tagging and transcription, see chapter .

The <damage>, <gap>, <del>, <unclear> and <supplied> elements may be closely allied in use. See section for discussion of which element is appropriate for which circumstance.

Module: core

Appendix C.192 variantEncoding [element]

Description: declares the method used to encode text-critical variants.

Classes: tei.encoding

Declaration:

<element name="variantEncoding">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="variantEncoding.attributes.method"/>
 <ref name="variantEncoding.attributes.location"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.encoding)

method

indicates which method is used to encode the apparatus of variants. Legal values are:

location-referenced: apparatus uses line numbers or other canonical reference scheme referenced in a base text.
double-end-point: apparatus indicates the precise locations of the beginning and ending of each lemma relative to a base text.
parallel-segmentation: alternate readings of a passage are given in parallel in the text; no notion of a base text is necessary.

location

indicates whether the apparatus appears within the running text or external to it. Legal values are:

internal: apparatus appears within the running text.
external: apparatus appears outside the base text.

Example:

 <variantEncoding method="location-referenced" location="external"/>

Module: header

Appendix C.193 w [element]

Description: (word) represents a grammatical (not necessarily orthographic) word.

Classes: tei.seg

Declaration:

<element name="w">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="tei.seg.attributes"/>
 <ref name="w.attributes.lemma"/>
 <zeroOrMore>
  <choice>
   <text/>
   <ref name="tei.segment"/>
   <ref name="w"/>
   <ref name="m"/>
   <ref name="c"/>
   <ref name="tei.Incl"/>
  </choice>
 </zeroOrMore>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes and those inherited from : tei.seg)

lemma: identifies the word's lemma (dictionary entry form).

Example:

 <w type="verb" lemma="hit">hitt<m type="suffix">ing</m>
 </w>

May contain character data and <seg>, <w>, <m> and <c> elements.

Module: analysis

Appendix C.194 when [element]

Description: (when) indicates a point in time either relative to other elements in the same timeline tag, or absolutely.

Declaration:

<element name="when">
 <ref name="tei.global.attributes"/>
 <ref name="when.attributes.absolute"/>
 <ref name="when.attributes.unit"/>
 <ref name="when.attributes.interval"/>
 <ref name="when.attributes.since"/>
 <empty/>
</element>

Attributes: (In addition to global attributes)

absolute: supplies an absolute value for the time.
unit: specifies the unit of time corresponding to the interval value.
interval: specifies the numeric portion of a time interval
since: identifies the reference point for determining the time of the current <when> element, which is obtained by adding the interval to the time of the reference point.

Example:

 <when id="TW3" interval="20" since="#w2"/>

On this element, the global xml:id attribute must be supplied to specify an identifier for this point in time. The value used may be chosen freely provided that it is unique within the document and is a syntactically valid name. There is no requirement for values containing numbers to be in sequence.

Module: linking

Columbia University Libraries Text Encoding Schema

1. Columbia University Libraries Text Encoding Schema

1.1. Schema [cultes]

Appendix A Class catalogue

Appendix A.1 tei.Incl [class]

Appendix A.2 tei.TEIform [class]

Appendix A.3 tei.addrPart [class]

Appendix A.4 tei.agent [class]

Appendix A.5 tei.analysis [class]

Appendix A.6 tei.bibl [class]

Appendix A.7 tei.biblPart [class]

Appendix A.8 tei.categorize [class]

Appendix A.9 tei.chooseable [class]

Appendix A.10 tei.chunk [class]

Appendix A.11 tei.common [class]

Appendix A.12 tei.complexVal [class]

Appendix A.13 tei.data [class]

Appendix A.14 tei.date [class]

Appendix A.15 tei.declarable [class]

Appendix A.16 tei.declaring [class]

Appendix A.17 tei.demographic [class]

Appendix A.18 tei.dictionaryTopLevel [class]

Appendix A.19 tei.divbot [class]

Appendix A.20 tei.divn [class]

Appendix A.21 tei.divtop [class]

Appendix A.22 tei.dramafront [class]

Appendix A.23 tei.edit [class]

Appendix A.24 tei.editIncl [class]

Appendix A.25 tei.encoding [class]

Appendix A.26 tei.featureVal [class]

Appendix A.27 tei.fmchunk [class]

Appendix A.28 tei.front [class]

Appendix A.29 tei.global [class]

Appendix A.30 tei.header [class]

Appendix A.31 tei.hqinter [class]

Appendix A.32 tei.hqphrase [class]

Appendix A.33 tei.inter [class]

Appendix A.34 tei.interpret [class]

Appendix A.35 tei.linking [class]

Appendix A.36 tei.lists [class]

Appendix A.37 tei.loc [class]

Appendix A.38 tei.metadata [class]

Appendix A.39 tei.names [class]

Appendix A.40 tei.notes [class]

Appendix A.41 tei.oddDecl [class]

Appendix A.42 tei.oddPhr [class]

Appendix A.43 tei.oddRef [class]

Appendix A.44 tei.paragraph [class]

Appendix A.45 tei.phrase [class]

Appendix A.46 tei.phrase.verse [class]

Appendix A.47 tei.pointer [class]

Appendix A.48 tei.pointerGroup [class]

Appendix A.49 tei.profile [class]

Appendix A.50 tei.refsys [class]

Appendix A.51 tei.seg [class]

Appendix A.52 tei.segment [class]

Appendix A.53 tei.singleVal [class]

Appendix A.54 tei.sourcedesc [class]

Appendix A.55 tei.stageDirection [class]

Appendix A.56 tei.teiHeader [class]

Appendix A.57 tei.teiText [class]

Appendix A.58 tei.timed [class]

Appendix A.59 tei.tpParts [class]

Appendix A.60 tei.typed [class]

Appendix B Macro catalogue

Appendix B.1 TEI.analysis [macro]

Appendix B.2 TEI.certainty [macro]

Appendix B.3 TEI.corpus [macro]

Appendix B.4 TEI.dictionaries [macro]

Appendix B.5 TEI.drama [macro]

Appendix B.6 TEI.elementNames [macro]

Appendix B.7 TEI.extensions.dtd [macro]

Appendix B.8 TEI.extensions.ent [macro]

Appendix B.9 TEI.figures [macro]

Appendix B.10 TEI.fs [macro]

Appendix B.11 TEI.general [macro]

Appendix B.12 TEI.linking [macro]

Appendix B.13 TEI.mixed [macro]

Appendix B.14 TEI.msdescription [macro]

Appendix B.15 TEI.names.dates [macro]