BUTHROTUM.
 

CABILLOKUM.
 

in tho Erechtheum on the Acropolis there was

an altar dedicated to Butes.—[3.  An Argive,

who went  with Tiepolemus,. son of, Hercules,

to  Rhodes:  when the latter  sailed for  Troy,

he gave over the island to Butes.—3. Armor-

bearer of Anchises, afterward given as a com¬

panion to lulus by his  father Eneas. Apollo

assumed his form to dissuade. lulus from con¬

tinuing  the fight—4.  A Trojan, companion  of

Eneas, slain by Camilla.]

  Buthrotcm (BovBparbv: BovBpartog: now Bu-

mnto), a town  of Epirus, on a small peninsula

ipposite Ooreyra, was a flourishing sea-port, and

was colonized by the Romans.

  Buto (Bovra), an Egyptian divinity, worship¬

ped principally in the town of Bum  She was

the nurse of Horus and Bubastis, the chiVdren-of

Osiris and  Isis, and she saved them ft >m  the

persecutions of Typhon by concealing tiem in

the floating island of Ohemmis.  The Greeks

identified her with  Leto, and  represented her

as  the   goddess  of  night.  The shrew-mouse

(uvyaXij) and the hawk were sacred to her.

  Buto (Bovra, Bovrn, or  Bovrog:  Bovroirng:

now Baltim ? ruins), the chief eity of the Nomos

Ohemmites  in Lower Egypt, stood near the  Se-

bennytic  branch of the Nile,  on the Lake  of

Buto (BovTiKr/ Xipvn, also 'ZeBevvvriKif), and was

celebrated for its oracle of the goddess Buto, in

honor of  whom  a  festival was  held  at the city

every year.

  Buxentum (Buxentinus, Buxentius:  now Po-

Hcastro), originally Pyxus- (Hv^ovg),  a town  on

the west coast of Lueania  and on  the  River

Suxentius,  was founded by Micythus,  tyrant

of Messana, B.C. 471, and was  afterward  a Ro¬

man colony.

  Byblini Monies (rd BvBXiva bpn), the mount¬

ains whence the Nile is said to flow in the  myth¬

ical geography of Eschylus (Prom, 811).

  Byblis (BvBXig), daughter of Miletus and Ido-

fhea, was  in love with her  brother  Caunus,

whom she pursued through  various lands, till at

length, worn out with sorrow, she was changed

into a fountain.

  Byblus (BbBXog : BvBXwg : now Jebeil), a very

ancient  eity on  the > coast of Phcenicia, between

Berytus and Tripolis, a little north of the  River

Adonis.   It was the chief seat of the worship of

Adonis.   It was governed  by a succession  of

 ?etty princes, the last of whom was deposed by

 'ompey.

  Bylazoea (BvXd&pa :  now Bilias), a town in

Paeonia, in Macedonia, on the River Astycus.

  Byesa (Bvpaa), the citadel of Carthago.

  Byzaoium or  Byzacena Regio (Bv^okiov, Bv-

(fiKlg xapa : southern part of Tunis), the  south¬

ern portion of  the Roman province of Africa.

Vid. Africa, p. 28, b.

  Byzantini  Scbiptores, the general name  of

the historians who have given  an  account  of

the Eastern or Byzantine empire from the time

of Constantine  the Great, A.D. 325, to the  de¬

struction of the empire, 1453.  They all  wrote

in  Greek,  and  may be  divided into different

classes.   1.  The historians  whose  collected

works form an uninterrupted history of the By¬

zantine  empire, and whose writings are  there¬

fore e?Jled  Corpus Historic Byzantine  They

are, ,(* ) Zonaeas, who begins with the creation

■>{  Uh» world, aud,hrings his  history down to



      V
 

1188. , (2.)' Nioephorus Acominatbs; whose bw

tory extends from, 1188  to 1206.  (3.)  Nicepho-

rus  Geegoeas,  whose history  extends  from

.1204 to 1331.   (4.)  Laonious  Chaloondyies,

.whose history extends, from 1297 to 1462: his

work is continued, by  an  anonymous  writer to

1565.—2. The chronographers, who give a  brief

chronological summary of universal history from

the  creation  of,the world  to their own  times.

These writers are very numerous:  the  most

important of them  are Geoegius Synoellus,

Theophanes,  Nioephoeus,  Cedrengs, Simeon

Metaphrastes, Michael  Glyoas, the authors

of the Chronicon Paschale, &c.—3.  The writers

who have treated of separate portions  of Byzan¬

tine  history,  such as Zosimus, Prooopius,  Aga

,thias, Anna  Comnena, &a.—4. The writers who

have treated of  the   constitution, antiquities,

&e,  of the  empire, such as  Laurentius Lydus,

Constantinus VI. Porphyrogennetus.  A col¬

lection of the Byzantine writers was  published

at Paris by command of Louis XIV, in 36 vols.

fol,  1645-1711.  A reprint of this edition, with

additions, was published at  Venice, in 23 vols.

fol, 1727-1733.  A new edition of the Byzantine

writerswas commenced by Niebuhr, Bonn, 1828,

8vo, and is still in course of publication.

  Byzantium (Bv^dvrwv : Bv£dvnog, Byzantius :

now  Constantinople),  a town  on the Thracian

Bosporus, founded by the  Megarians,  B.C. 658,

is said  to have  derived its name from Byzas,

the leader of the colony and the son of Neptune

(Poseidon).   It was situated on two hills; was

forty stadia in circumference, and its acropolis

stood on the  site  of the present seraglio.  Its

favorable position, commanding  as it did the

entrance to the Euxine, soon rendered it a place

of great commercial importance.  It was  taken

by  Pausanias after the. battle of Plataeae, B.C

479; and it  was alternately in the possession

of the  Athenians and  Lacedaemonians during

the  Peloponnesian war.   The  Lacedaemonians

were expelled from Byzantium'by Thrasybulus

in 390,  and the  city remained  independent for

some years.   Afterward it became subject in

succession to the Macedonians and the Romans,

In the civil war between  Pescennius Niger and

Severus, it espoused the cause  of the former

it was taken by Severus AD. 196, after a  siege

of three years, and a considerable part of it de¬

stroyed.  A new city was  built by its side (330)

by  Constantine, who made it the capital of the

empire,  and changed its name  into Constanti-

nopolis.

  [Byzas (Bifac), mythic  founder  of Byzanti¬

um,  q. d.]



                     0.



  Cabalia oi -is (KaBaXia, KaBaXtg • KaBaXevg,

KajBdXwg),  a small district  of Asia Minor,.be¬

tween Lycia and Pamphylia, with a town of tie

same name.

  Cabasa or rus (KdBaaog: KaBaairng), the chief

city  of the Nomos Oabasites, in Lower Egypt

  Cabillonum [or  Caballinum  (KaSaXXlvov:

now] Ghdlons-sur-Sadne), a  town of the Edui,

on the Arar (now Sadne), in Gallia Lugdunen

sis, was. a  place of some  commercial activity

wheft Caesar was in Gaul (B.C. 53).  At a latex

time the Romans kept a snail fleet here

                             153