ITIUS PORTUS.
JAN A.
)>!* at" Jupiter (Zeus), who was hence surnamed
Ithimetas ('lBopijrng, Dor. 'IBopdrag). Ithome
was taken by the Spartans B. 0. 723, at the end
of the first Messeman war, after a heroic defence
by Aristodemus, and again in 455, at the end of
the tMrd Messenian war.—2. A mountain fortress
in Pelasgiotis, m Thessaly, near Metropolis, also
ealled Thome.
Itius Portus, a harbor of the Moriiii, on the
northern coast of Gaul, from which Caasar set
sail fw Britain. The position of this harbor is
much disputed. It used to be identified with
Gesoriaeum or Boulogne, but it is now usually
supposed to be some harbor near Calais, probably
Vissant or Witsand.
Iton. Vid Itonia.
Itonia, Itonias, or Itonis (Iravia, 'lravidg,
or 'Irovig), a surname of Minerva (Athena), de-
lived from the town of Iton, in the south of
PhtMotis in Thessaly. The goddess there had
a celebrated sanctuary and festivals, and hence
is called Incola Itoni. From Iton her worsMp
spread into Boaotia and the country about Lake
Copais, where the Pamboaotia was celebrated, m
the neighborhood of a temple and grove of Min¬
erva (Athena). According to another tradition,
Minerva, (Athena) received the surname of Itoma
from Itonus, a kmg or priest.
Itucoi (IrvKicn, App.) a town in Hispania
Baetica, in the district of Hispalis, and a Roman
colony, under the name of Virtus Julia.
ItCna (now Sohoay Frith), an aastuary on the
western coast of Britain, between England and
.Scotland.
Itur^ea, Ityrasa ('Irovpa'ia: 'Irovpaloi, Ituraei,
Ityraei: now El Jeidur), a district on the north¬
eastern borders of Palestine, bounded on the
north by the plain of Damascus, on the west by
(he mountain chain (now Jebel-Heish) which forms
the eastern margin of the valley of the Jordan,
on the southwest and south by Gaulanitis, and
on the east by Auranitis and Trachonitis. It
occupied a part of the elevated plain into wMch
Mount Hermon sinks down on the southeast,
and was inhabited by an Arabian people, of war¬
like and predatory habits, which they exercised
upon the caravans from Arabia to Damascus,
whose great road lay through their country. In
the wars between the Syrians and the Israelites,
they are found acting as allies of the kings of
Damascus. They are scarcely heard of again
till B.O. 105, when they were conquered by the
Asmonaaan king of Judah, Aristobulus, who
compelled them to profess Judaism. Restored
to independence by the decline of the Asmo¬
naaan house, they seized the opportunity offer¬
ed, on the other side, by the weakness of the
Mugs of Syria, to press their predatory incur¬
sions into Ccele-Syria, and even beyond Leba¬
non, to Byblos, Botrys, and other cities on the
coast of Phoaniee. Pompey reduced them again
to order, and many of their warriors entered
.he Roman army, in wMch they became cele¬
brated for their sMll in horsemanship and arch¬
ery. They were not, however, reduced to com-
olete subjection to Rome until after the eivil
vars Augustus gave Ituraea, which had been
itherto ruled by its native princes, to the fam-
ly c* Herod. During the ministry of our Sa¬
viour, !t was governed by Philip, the brother
af Herod Antipas, at tetrareh. Upon Philip's
death jn AD. 37, it was united to the Rornam
province of Syria, from which it was presently
agam separated, and assigned partly to Herod
Agrippa I, and partly to Soaemus, the prince of
Emesa. In A.D. 50 it was finally reumted by
Claudius to the Roman provmce of Syria, ana
there are inscriptions wMch prove that th«
Ituraeans continued to serve with distinction
in the Roman armies. There were no cities or
large towns in the country, a fact easily explain¬
ed by the unsettled character of the people, who
lived in the Arab fasMon, m unwalled village?
and tents, and even, according to some state¬
ments, in the natural caves with which the
eountry abounds.
[Itylus ("lrvXog), son of Zethus and Aedoa
Vid. Aedon.]
[Itymoneus ('Irvuovevg), son of Hyperochus
of Elis, slain by Nestor.]
Itys. 1. Vid. Tereus.—[2. A Trojan hero,
accompamed .iEneas to Italy, and was slain by
Turnus.]
ItJLis ('lovXig: 'lovXifirng, 'lovXievg), the chief
town in Ceos ; the birth-place of Simonides,
Vid. Ceos.
Iulus. 1. Son of jEneas, usually called As¬
canius. Vid. Ascanius.—2. Eldest son of As¬
canius, who claimed the government of Latium,
but was obliged to give it up to Ms brother Sil¬
vius.
Ixion ('Iljiav), son of PMegyas, or of Antion
and Perimela, or of Pasion, or of Mars (Area).
According to the common tradiion, Ms mother
was Dia, a daughter of Deioneus. He was Mng
of the Lapithae or Phlegyes, and the father OI
Pirithous. When Deioneus demanded of Ixion
the bridal gifts he had promised, Ixion treach¬
erously invited him to a banquet, and then con
trived to make him fall into a pit filled with fire
As no one purified Ixion of this treacherous
murder, Jupiter (Zeus) took pity upon Mm, puri
fied him, carried Mm to heaven, and caused
him to sit down at his table. But Ixion was
ungrateful to the father of the gods, and at¬
tempted to win the love of" Juno (Hera). Ju
piter (Zeus) thereupon created a phantom re¬
sembling Juno (Hera), and by it Ixion became
the father of a Centaur. Vid. Centacri. Ix
ion was fearfully punished for his impious in¬
gratitude. His hands and feet were chained
by Mercury (Hermes) to a wheel, which is said
to have rolled perpetually in the air or in the
lower world. He is further said to have been
scourged, and compelled to exclaim, " Benefactors.
should be honored."
IxroNiDES, i. e, Pirithous, the son of Ixion. Tho
Centaurs are also called Ixionidc.
Ixrus ("lijtog), a surname of Apollo, derived
from a district of the island of Rhodes wMch was
called Ixiaa or Ixia.
Iynx ("Ivytj), daughter of Peitho and Pan, or
of Echo. She endeavored to charm Jupiter
(Zeus,) or make Mm fall in love with Io; but she
was metamorphosed by Juno (Hera) into the bird
called lynx.
J.
Jaooetani, a people in Hispania Tarraconen
sis, between the Pyrenees and the Iberus.
I Jana. Vid. Janus.
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