1584
 

THE ICONOGRAPHY OF MANHATTAN ISLAND
 

l8r;         The common council receives a presentment from the grand

July   jury representing as nuisances "Lespinards Meadow—The Col-

17 lecl—The Drain in Chappie Street—The Cdlars of raany parts
ot tbe City particularly near the Fly raarket—a Soap Factory
near tbe outlet of Van Dam Street k Hetty St—and the broken
state of roany of the Wharves—They also recommend a strict
execution of the Health Laws—Which was (eicepting tbe Subject
of the Wharves) refered to tbe Board ot Health-Tbat of tbe
Wharves to the Committee on Wharves—And it was Resolved
that it be refered to the Alderraen of the 5 & 8*h Wards to consider
and report a Plan for regulating Canal Street."—flf. C. C. (1784-
1831), VIII: 257-58. On July 3, the jury had complained also
ot the "keeping of the public gardens on the Sabbath" and the
"aaserablage of Boys tor sport on that day."—Ibid., VUl:  250.

25         The freedom of the city is conferred on Capt. Charles Stewart

(see Je 5).—flf. C. C. (1784-1831), VIII:  261-63.

29         The Phoenii Coffee Houae, at the eouth-eaat corner of WaU

and Water Sts., ia bdng remoddled for stores.—N. Y. Eve. Post,
Jl 29, 1815. For view of tbe "Phoenix Buildings," see the "Coffee
House Sbp," in Peabody'a Views ofN. Y. (1831), and rderence
to tbese buildings on p. 31 ot that work.

31         The common council votes to borrow $40,000, to corapiete

the establishment at Bellevue,—flf. C. C. {1784-1831), VIII: 269.
Aug.         News ot tbe battle of Waterloo reaches New York.—N. Y.

2   Eve. Posl, Agx, 1815.

14         Cbapldn Stanford {see D 5, 1814) recommends to the com¬

mon council "regulations for tbe Government of the paupers
School about to be established in the new Alms House" at BeUe¬
vue.—flf. C. C. (1784-1S31), VIII: 274. This long and daborate
document, beautifully written and bearing the date, Aug. 10,
1815, is preserved in the city derk's record-room. The greater
part of Mr. Stanford's Ufe bad been spent as a teacher rather
than a preacher, so that eiperience has suggested to him that
"seminaries in general are confessedly the springs ot society,
whicb, aa they flow foul or pure, diffuse through successive genera¬
tions, depravity & misery; or on the contrary, virtue and happi¬
ness. . . . Nationa, whoae laws are sanguinary, have ever
deceminated a great degree of the same spirit in afl thdr inatitu¬
tions tor the education of their children. The laws of America
having happily been cast In a mould, where justice and humanity
are combined; no wonder tbat our schools should enjoy the
salubrity of thdr benign influence."

The writer bdleves rewards "prorapt to future efforts, provided
such encomium be not the effect of private partiality, or breathe
a spirit of flattery," and he advocates the purchase of three dozen
medals which may be worn "for a day" by deserving children.
Likewise punishments are necessary. "In a conspicuous place in
the room," he recommends, "let a bench be erected, a plank wide,
sii feet long, and two feet high, on which ddlnquents raay stand
tor a given time. Over thia should be painted on a loose board,
in large capitals the word DISGRACE, which may be suapended
by a string; so that, if the school be orderly, it may be taken
down, or reversed for tbe time, which may produce a good effect."
On a similar board "hung about the offender's neck, resting on
hia back, while standing on tbe plank, witb his face to the waU,
as unworthy to look on the school," wiU appear the words "lam
a sloven" or "I am a slut," it it la a case of "Dirty hands, face, or
teet;" or, in other caaes, "I am Idle," 01 "I am a Swearer," or "/
am a Lyar," 01 "I am a Dunce."

Confinement as a punishment, although a part ot tbe Lan¬
castrian plan, is shown to be accompanied by "inconvenience to
the Teacher" and danger to the pupil, and he recdis the incident
associated with the "bleu-coat school" in London ot"apoor Uttie
fellow" being sentenced to "confinement in a dungeon," and then
forgotten until after he was dead. Mr. Stanford saya, it confine¬
ment is to be used, he recommends "a sort of Uttle Cage-Room,
with strong laths . . . where the confined may not be for¬
gotten." Even better than confinement, he tliinks, is a punish¬
ment "practised in some schools in Philadelphia," the scholars
bdng "prohibitted flora speaking to tbe offender until he acknowl¬
edge his fault, ... To a child of the least reraains of senribility,
this mode of punishment raust be severe." As to corporal punish¬
ment, Mr. Lancaster docs not recommend it, he says, but "I have
been grosdy misinformed by a person brought up in hia own
school, if he did not use it on imperious occarions. It is confessedly
tbe case tbat raany teachers, tor tririd offences wiU keep the
 

srrection in continual motion. This muat have a
tendency to harden the scholars, subvert the attention of correc¬
tion, and create a suspicion ot the want ot prudence and humanity
in the breast of tbe teacher. Still did I not bdieve that there may
he cases which demand corporeal punishment, I raust confess
that I should be much wiser than Soloraon. ... In application
therefore to this part of the subject for this school, I would say,
that when a case may demand corporeal punishment, the teacher
shall represent the sarae to the Superintendent, or other appointed
by hira, who, on exaralnation, sball determine, and order such
punishment as raay appear necessary. This method may produce
a better effect upon a ddinquent, and upon tbe wbole school,
than being left to a teacher, the warmth ot whose temper may
possibly mistake the case, & mlaaapply the punishment." The
chaplain dedares his intention to present at a later tirae "the
Catechisra I have made tor the moral improvement of the chil¬
dren."—"Sketch to aid in the establishment of the Pauper's
School" (MS,), in city clerk's record-roora.

About 35 buildinga near Mott and PeU Sts., including Zlon
Church, are deatroyed by a fire which starts in a sraaU wooden shop.
The "want of water" prevented the firemen frora checking the
flames in the beginning.—A?. Y. Eve. Past, S i, 1815.

Messrs. Albert Gallatin and Henry Clay arrive at New York
vrith the coraraerclal treaty signed in London on July 3 (q.v.).—
JV. r. Eve Post, S 1 and 5, 1815. See S 5.

It is proposed to build a range of buildings opposite the Bowling
Green at the toot of Broadway.—N. Y.Herdd, S 6, 1815; descrip.
of Pl. 156-a, III: 838. Thia ia the forraer aite ot the government
house.  Seejl 28, 1817.

A "splendid Dinner" ia held at Tammany HaU in honour of
GaUatin and Clay (see S i).—N. Y. Eve Past, S 6, 1815; Man.
Com. Coun. (1865), 870-71.

Right Rev. Sarauel Provoost, first Protestant Episcopal biahop
of tbe state of New York, dies at No. 261 Greenwich St.—A?. Y.
Eve. Post, S 6, 1815. On Sept. 7, he was buried with impressive
ceremonies in Trinity cbnrchyard.—Ibid., S 11, 1815.

Another trial ot the ateam frigate "Fulton the First"ismade.
"She is said to have passed through the water at the rate of five
and a half railes an hour by tbe log."—iV. Y. Eve. Posl, S 12, 1815.
See also Colden, Life of Fulton, 227 et seq; and descrip. of Pl. 83-a,
IU: 557. SeeO 4, 1817.

The road committee presents to the coraraon coundl a contract
with E. Jennings to work Third Ave, from the Bowery to Hariera
Bridge, wbich is directed to be eiecuted.—flf. C. C. (1784-1831),
VIU: 291; J^. Y. Spectator, S 2, 1815.

The coraraon council directs the superintendent ot repairs "to
cause the aeveral Piers erected in the City to be numbered begin¬
ning at NO 1 at the Battery."—M. C. C. (1784-1831), VIU: 302.

Russia, Prussia, and Austria ratify the Holy Alliance, by which
tbey bind therasdves, among other things, to be governed by
Christian principles in all their poUtical tran a action a, with a view
to perpetuate the peace they have achieved.—Hazen, Europe since
1S15, 13-16; Haydn's Did. of Dales, 481.

A monthly paper pubUahed by Isaac Riley, with the tide ot <
Booksellers' Reporter & Literary Adveniser, was in existence at this -
time.—Brigham, A. A. S. Proc {1917), 385.

Aaron Bussing's proposal to cede to the city a piece of land
lying between Macomb's Bridge (over the Harlem River) and
Eighth Ave., 100 teet in width, to torm a new road connecting with
Westchester Co., is accepted on report of the survey committee.—
flf. C. C. (1784-1831), VIH: 316-17 (with reproduction ot map).
See also raap ot this road, dated Sept. 28,1815 (which becameknown
as Macomb's Dara Road), filed in tbe bureau of topography,
borough president's office, aa map No. 176. Aa appears by the
coramittee's report, the propoaed route was
Bridge lately built" by Bussing over the Haden

According to a report presented to the o
house of industry (see My 30, 1814) b
 

the Stone
River.-fiiU

il, the
 

year, eraployed 500 poor woraen, raany ot whora have been
thus enabled to support their children and relieve the dty trora
such public charge; $1,000 ia appropriated for the continuance of
thework.—flf. C.C. {1784-1831), VIII; 318-19.

Napoleon lands at St. Hdena.—Sloane, Life of Napoleon Bona¬
parte, IV: 228-29.

In a coramunication to one ot tbe papers, "Civis" states;
"Every body sees at the present day the miserable effects of the