THE ICONOGRAPHY OF MANHATTAN ISLAND
 

2000

1889         MUe. Carmenclta, tbe Spanish dancer, makes her American

Ag 17   debut, at Niblo's Garden.—Brown, I: 226.
Sept.         A bearing Is hdd in Mayor Grant's office on the subject ot the

18 sdection of a site for a new municipd faullding. Protests against
tbe location ot such a building within the Park (see Mr 27) were
nuroerous, induding one in tbe form of a "preamble and resolutions
adopted by the New York Chapter of the .American Institute of
Architecta."-JvT. Y. Tribune, S 19, 1889. For a new act of the
legldature concerning the propoaed building, see My 6, 1890.

30         The Harlero Opera House on West I25tb St. Is opened.—N. Y.

Times,0 1, 1889.

Oct.         The corner-stone ot the present Acaderoy of Medicine (see

2   My 17, 1875) is laid in West 43d St.—JV. Y. Med. Jour; JI22, 1911.

It was opened on Nov. 20, 1890.—JitJ.; N. Y. Times, N 21, 1890.

7         Barnard CoUege opens at 343 Madison Ave-—N. Y. Times,

O 8, 1889.  At this time it bad a provislond charter, but in Jan.

1900, it was incorporated aa a partot Columbia University. It moved

to its present site in the autumn of 1897.—Hist, of Columbia Univ.,

397-408.  See dso L. M. R. K., IH: 939.

10         The corner-stone ot the World, or Pulitzer, budding, is laid at

Park Row and Frankfort St. on the site of French's Hotd, which
was bought fay Joaeph Pulitzer in 1888 (JV. Y. Dally Tribune, Mr
11, 1888). The Pulitzer faulldmg waa completed and opened Dec.
10, 1890 (j. c.).—JV.r. H'0fW,O II, 1889. See dso L. M. R. K.,
Ill: 968; Harper's Weekly, XXXIV: 44, 47; and descrip. of Pl.
163, UI:  846.

13         Millet's "Angelua," for which the Am. Art Ass'n paid 8115,000

(see Jl 16), arrives at New York. In November, it was exhibited
at the Aroerican Art GaUeries, 6 E. 23d St.—iV. Y. Times, O 15
andN 16, 1889. It was resold later for 8150,000; and now bangs in
the'Louvre.—Address of Mr. Thomas E. Kirby .  .   . JVmi. 10,1922.

20         Plana are laid and work is about to begin on tbe Mulberry

Street and Corlears Hook (see Je 14, 1884) Parks, and the widening
or extending of aeveral atreets, notably CoUege Place. Work is
in progress on the High Bridge and East River (now Carl Schurz)
Parks, the latter being enlarged by adding territory froro 86th
to 89tb St The car-line tbrough Centrd Park at 86th St. is soon
to he built,—JV. r. Tribune, O 20, 1889.
Nov.      The roayor approves a resolution of the board of aldermen giv-

13 ing consent to tbe Broadway and Seventh Ave. R. R. Co., the
South Ferry R, R. Co., and the successors to the franchises for¬
merly held fay the Broadway Surface R, R. Co., and to their suc¬
cessors and asaigns respectivdy, to uae cafale power In tbe operation
of the atreet aurface ralhoads, owned or operated by them re¬
spectively, from Central Park to South Ferry by way of Seventh
Ave., Broadway, Whitehall, State St., and Battery Place. Thia
franchise permits the companies to make any changes in the
construction ot theae roads or roadbeds, necessary tor the use ot
cafale power, upon certain specified terms and conditions.—Ordi¬
nances, Resolutions, elC; Approved by the Mayor, LVII: 158-59,
See also The Cable Traction System of the Rapid Transit Cable Co.
(1889). The Broadway cable Une was completed ,in 1893 (q.v..
My 17).

22         The N. Y. Kmdergarten Ass'n Is organized, in the beUd that

the public school system oi N. Y. City does not extend tar enough,
and that tbe children in their earliest years should have the benefit
ot kindergarten training. On March 10, 1890, the association
opened ita first kindergarten in the store floor ot No. 351 E. 53d
St., leased tor the purpose. Its second school was opened on Oct.
27, 1890, at the n. w. cor. of Fkst Ave. and 63d St. This associa¬
tion, tor the benefit ot the less fortunate children of New York,
in its first year had the following officers: Richard Watson Gilder,
presideni; Mra. Grover Clevdand, ist vice-president; Hamilton
W, Mafale, 2d vice-president; Mrs. Sidney Webster, 3d vice-presi¬
dent; a board of managers, a secretary, and a treasurer. It was In¬
corporated Feb. IZ, 1892.—1st and 2d Ann. RepS; N. Y. Kinder¬
garten Ass'n, pub. 1901 and 1902. Its work is described in "The
Free Kindergarten" (reprint fromHarpsr'i Mag; 1905), issued by
the N. Y. Kindergarten Aas'n (524 W. 42d St.), at which time
there were 36 kindergartens under ils direction.
Dec.         Aroong the buUdings now being erected in tbe city are Carnegie

15 HaU on the corner of 57th St. and Seventh Ave., the new Century
Club in 43d St. just west ot Fifth Ave., the Lenox Lyceum on
Madiaon Ave. near 59th St., and the Manhattan Athletic Club
at the corner ot Madison Ave. and 45th St.—A^ Y. Times, D 15,
1889.  See !\so Harper's Weekly, XXXUI:  876,879,892,895.
 

The ddegates to the pan-American congreas recently held in
Washington arrive on a visit to New York, and are welcomed by
a reception committee. Mayor Grant later received them at the
city haU.—JV. Y. Times, D 17, 1S89. See dso ibid; D 18, 19, 20,
and 21, 1889. They ldt tor Washington on Dec. 21.—Ibid; D 21
aud 26, 1889.
 

The population of Manhattan Island ia 1,441,216.—131^ U. S.   —
Census Bull. (1910),

For a description of the "alums" of New York at this lime, see   —
Jacob Riis'How the Other Half Lives, 162-75.   ^^^ ^'o Rils, Tke
Battle with tke SFums (1902).

In this year, the New York Paateur Institute, the first of its   —
kind in America, waa opened at No. I W. 97th St. "tor the anti-
hydro phobic  treatment  ot  rabies  according  to  the  method  ot
M. Pasteur" (see 1885),  Dr. Paul Gibier, a pupil of Pasteur, was
tbe founder of tbe Institute.—King'sHandbook (1893), 486.

During 1890-93, the first section ot the present building ot the —
Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. (see Mr 24, 1868) was built on
the north-east corner of Madison Ave. and 23d St. on a plot 125
X 145 feet. The architect was Napoleon Le Brun.—TAc Met. Life
Ins. Co.: Its History, etc. (1908); L. M. R. K., Ill: 967. See
dso view and description In Harper's Weekly, XXXVIU: 453.
The entire building was completed in 1909 (q.v.). It is shown on
Pl. 168, Vol. UL

In thia year, Albert Herter, who was horn in New York In 1871,   —
began to win distinction as a painter, particularly in murd decora¬
tion .—Fid ding. Did. of Am. Painters, etc. (1926), 167; dso Helen
W. Henderson, A Loiterer InN. Y. (1917), 271.

In this year, Wro. M. Chase, the painter, was elected a member   —
of the National Academy.  For sketch ot bia career, see Fielding's
Did. afAm. Painters, etc. (1926), 63.

"Prior to 1890, the automobile waa merely walling tor the —
proper type of engine to make it a popular success. In 1887, R, E.
Olds buUt a buggy driven by a steam engine, in which the steam
was produced by using gasoline as a fuel. In 1889, Serpollet and
De Dion in France revived the flaab boiler principle and gave the
steam carriage a fresh impetus. They made il a success, but it
came at a time when the gasoline engine was about to enter the
fidd. In Germany, two engineers, Daimler in Cannstadt and Benz
in Mannheim, atterapted to solve the problem by substituting
for the ateara engine an explosion motor. After trying other
methods Daimler took out a patent In 1885 tor a vehicle driven by
a petrol motor, and thia was the beginning ot the modern automo¬
bile. Daimler sold his patent In France to Panhard and Levassor j
in 1889, and they began the construction ot motor cars as they are
to-day, the first car being completedin 1891."—"The Evolution ot
the Automobile," fay John J. Mactarlane, In Commercial America
(F, 1917), XUI:  11.  See, further, 1892.

Mayor Grant, in his annual message, informs the common Jan.
council that tbe city debt has faeen Increased during the past year 6
by 87.349-93^41 file largdy to the purchase of new parks. He
calls attention to the fact that at present "the water supply can
scarcdy he deemed adequate to the necessities of its people," as
the daily supply Is still 112,000,000 gallons, as it waa five yeara
ago, although during tbat time the city haa greatly increaaed in
population, buildings, manufactures, and commerce. However,
tbe approaching completion ot the new Croton aqueduct with ita
capacity of 300,000,000 gaUons per day makea it certain "that
before the dose of tbe year we will be In the enjoyment of such a
generoua aupply ot water aa will meet every requirement ot the

The raatter ot street pavements, long a source ot criticism and
reproach, has been solved to some extent. "In obedience to a
generd demand by property-owners, residents and the newspaper
press, it bas faeen decided to adopt smooth asphdt pavements for
thoae streets which are not extensivdy used for business purposes.
In laying these pavements the Department of Public Works has
adopted a torm of contract hy which the companies who undertake
the work are compeUed to guarantee tbat tbe pavement will be
kept In a condition ot thorough repair for the space ot fifteen years,
free ot all expense to the City, and tor these pavements with this
guarantee ot permanent maintenance the totd cost wIU be less
than the amount paid for the pavement now upon Fifth avenue,
which, dter a tew years of use, is already In need of repair."