Bīrūnī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, Alberuni's India (v. 1)

(London :  Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.,  1910.)

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CHAPTER XVIII.                           20I

50 farsakh;   Gccngdsdyara,   30   farsalch,   where   the
Ganges flows into the sea.

Marching from Kanoj towards the east, you come to Kanoj
Bdri, 10 farsakli; DUgum, 45 farsakli; the empire Nepaito
of Shilahat, i o farsakh ; the town Bihat, 12 farsakh.
Farther on the country to the right is called Tilioat,
the inhabitants TariX, people of very black colour and
flat-nosed like the Turks. Thence you come to the
mountains of Kamrii, which stretch away as far as the
sea.

Opposite Tilwat the country to the left is the realm
of Naipal. A man who had travelled in those countries
gave me the following report:—" When in Tanwat, he
left the easterly direction and turned to the left. He
marched to Naipal, a distance of 20 farsakh, most of
which was ascending country. From Naipal he came
to Bhoteshar in thirty days, a distance of nearly 80
farsakh, in which there is more ascending than descend¬
ing country. And there is a water which is several
times crossed on bridges consisting of planks tied with
cords to two canes, which stretch from rock to rock, and
are fastened to milestones constructed on either side.
People carry the burdens on their shoulders over such
a bridge, whilst below, at a depth of lOO yards, the water
foams as white as snow, threatening to shatter the rocks.
On the other side of the bridges, the burdens are trans¬
ported on the back of goats. My reporter told me that
he had there seen gazelles with four eyes ; that this was
not an accidental misformation of nature, but that the
whole species was of this nature.

"Bhoteshar is the first frontier of Tibet, There the
language changes as well as the costumes and the
anthropological character of the people. Thence the
distance to the top of the highest peak is 20 farsakh.
From the height of this mountain, India appears as
a black expanse below the mist, the mountains lying
below this peak like small hills, and Tibet and China
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