2o6                           ALBERUNPS INDIA.

farsakh.    Between the latter two places flows the river
Jaun; Kawital, \ofarsakh; Sunndm, lofarsakh.

Thence marching towards the north-west, you come
to Adittahaur, g farsa.kh ; Jajjanir, 6 farsakh ; Manda-
hiikur, the capital of Lauhawur, east of the river Irawa,
8 farsakh; the river Gandrdha, 12 farsakh; the river
Jailam, west of the river Biyatta, 8 farsakh; Waihind,
the capital of Kandhar, west of the river Sindh, 20
farsakh; Burshdwar, 14. farsakh; Dunpur, 15 farsakh;
ICctbul, 12 farsakh; Ghazna, ly farsakh.
Notes about Kashmir lies on a plateau surrounded by high inac¬
cessible mountains. The south and east of the country
belong to the Hindus, the west to various kings, the
Bolar-Shah and the Shugnan-Shah, and the more remote
parts up to the frontiers ot Badhakhshan, to the Wakhan-
Shah. The north and part of the east of the country
belong to the Turks of Khoten and Tibet. The distance
from the peak of Bhoteshar to Kashmir through Tibet
amounts to nearly ■^oo farsakh.

The inhabitants of Kashmir are pedestrians, they
have no riding animals nor elephants. The noble
among them ride in palankins called katt, carried on
the shoulders of men. They are particularly anxious
about the natural strength of their country, and there¬
fore take always much care to keep a strong hold upon
the entrances and roads leading into it. In consequence
it is very difficult to have any commerce with them.
In former times they used to allow one or two foreigners
to enter their country, particularly Jews, but at present
they do not allow any Hindu whom they do not know
personally to enter, much less other people.

The best known entrance to Kashmir is from the
town Babrahan, half way between the rivers Sindh and
Jailam. Thence to the bridge over the river, where the
water of the Kusnari is joined by that of the Mahwi,
both of which come from the mountains of Shamilan,
and fall into the Jailam, the distance is 8 farsakh.