290
 

ALBERUNPS INDIA.
 

Also the Arabs determined the directions by the
blowing-points of the winds. Any wind blowing be¬
tween two cardinal winds they called in general Nakhd.
Only in rare cases they are called by special names of
their own.

The Hindus, in giving names to the directions, have
not taken any notice of the blowing of a wind; they
simply call the four cardinal directions, as well as the
secondary directions between them, by separate name*.
So they have eight directions in the horizontal plane,
as exhibited by the following diagram:—
 

4^
 


 

Soutli.
 


 


 

%
 

Daksliina.
 

West.
 

3
 

Madhyadesa,

'/. e.

the nuddle country.
 

Pflrva.
 

East.
 

4a
 


 

Uttara.
 

9^
 

*^-
 


 

North.
 


 

Besides there are two directions more for the two
poles of the horizontal j)l^i^e, the above and below,
the former being called Upccri, the second Adhas and
Tctlcc.

These directions, and those in use among other
nations, are based on general consent. Since the hori¬
zon is divided by innumerable circles, the directions
also proceeding from its centre hre innumerable.    The