PRINTING AND BOOKMAKING,
 

TAB
 

T
 

1^=^ THE twentieth letter of the English alpha¬
bet, is the consonant most used, and occurs
in order of frequency more than any other
letter except e. One lower-case letter out
of eleven is a t. In thickness it is about
the third of an em. It agrees with the capital in having
a crossbar, but is otherwise much different. It is the
only small letter which is taller than an n or an o, and
yet is shorter than the 1 or d. T is used as an abbrevia¬
tion on all ancient monuments, &c., for Titus, Tullius
and other names. As a numeral it signified 150. With
a dash over it it signified 150,000, When the Roman
tribunes approved of senatorial decrees they subscribed
a T. In music T signifies tenor, also face, to indicate
silence; and it is likewise the sign of tutti, a direction
to the whole band to play after a solo. It also stands
for trillo, a shake. The T is used to denote things of
this form, as a T bandage in surgery, one consisting of
two bands which cross each other; the T palace in Man¬
tua, or the T rail.

Tabelaria, Imprenta (Sp,),—The art of printing
from engraved wooden plates, practiced before the in¬
vention of movable types.

Tabelle (Ital.).—Tables or tabular matter,

Tabellen (Ger.).—Tables.

Tabla (Sp,).—Board for forms or paper.

Table.—1. The arrangement of figures or figures
and words in parallel columns of regular proportions,
so as to present a general view of the subject to the eye,
as is done in mathematical and astronomical work, sta¬
tistical publications, &c, 2, A name given to the part
of the hand-press which runs in and out from under the
platen and carries the form ; thus used in the Stanhope
press, in which a plain flat iron table superseded the
coffin, plank and stone. It is known in America as the
bed.

Table des Matieres (Fr.).—Table of contents.

Table of Contents.—The summary at the begin¬
ning of a book which shows what the work contains. It
is divided into paragraphs, hanging or otherwise, by the
chapters or books, and the number of the page on which
a subject begins is usually put after
the words which relate to it. A
table of contents is very different
from an index, which is alphabeti¬
cal, while the table of contents fol¬
lows the order of the book. The
latter is usually set about two sizes
smaller than the body of the work.
It begins on an odd page.

Tablero (Sp,),—Feed or deliv¬
ery board of a press; binder's
press-board.

Tabular ISTork. — Composi¬
tion of tables by a printer. It is
divided into two classes, figure,
and rule and figure work. The
latter is slower and more expensive, but at the same
time is regarded as the neatest. Most tables, in addition
to the body, have heads, showing to what the columns
 

relate, and footings, which sum them up. The body
may be entirely in figures, but usually the first column
is of words and the others of figures. Sometimes, how¬
ever, these are wholly or partly of words, as in the fol¬
lowing :

AMOUNT OF PRINTING DONE IN NEW ENGLAND IN 1860.
 

States.
 

Capital.
 

Amount of
Printing.
 

Maine.......

New Hampshire ....

Vermont......

Massachusetts   .   .   ,   ,
Rhode Island ,   ,   ,   ,   ,
Connecticut.....
 

Augusta   ,   ,   ,   ,
Concord   ....
Montpelier   .   .   .

Boston.....

Providence   .   .   .
Hartford  ....
 

$294,939

244,879

99,701

2,905,916
205,262
641,500
 

This table would still be entitled to the designation
were the last column words instead of figures, or if the
rules and headings were omitted. Generally the type
used for a table is smaller than that employed in the
body of a book, and its headings are yet smaller. When
a detached table occurs in a book without other tables
it is usually made a little less than the total width of a
page, if this can be done and still leave enough room.
If, however, the table is at all cramped it had better be
the entire width of the page. In each column the widest
place should be taken as establishing the width of that
column. If this is the footing it determines the size.
The heading, however, may be wider than the column
below it, and in that case its width governs. An exam¬
ple is shown below, being the prices of book composition
in New York in 1872, and the highest rates ever given in
that city.

In this table the word "solid" is as wide as any of the
figures, and the word "leaded" is wider than any. Con¬
sequently the width of the columns is determined by
these two words. If this table were to be set up in non¬
pareil in a measure of about forty ems of that type the
width of the upright column rules would be deducted,
then the width of the first column containing words.
 

RATES  OF COMPOSITION IN NEW YORK.
 

Language,
 

Works in English..........,

Latin, Spanish and German......,

French, Italian and Portuguese.....

Welsh, Indian and African.......

Greek, plain.............

Hebrew, kerned, vowel points and accents .
 

Manuscript.
 

Solid.     Leaded,
 

$0,53

.62

.64

.67

1,00

2.00
 

$0.50
.58
.60
 

1.95
 

Reprint.
 

Solid.     Leaded.
 

$0.50
,57
.59
,62
.75
1.95
 

$0,47
.53
.55
,58
.65
1.90
 

and afterwards the last four columns would have the
remaining space divided between them. Supposing the
rules to be two ems of nonpareil and the reading matter

533