[GANONG]       PLACE-NOMENCLATURE OF NEW BRUNSWICK               215

PART III.

A Dictionary of the Place-Names of New Brunswick.

In this dictionary I aim to give the history of each place-name of any
importance now or formerly in use in New Brunswick. It is difficult to
decide what to exclude; one knows that many details tOo trivial to seem
worth notice now will be of the greatest interest in the future ; but even
in a monograph one cannot include everything. In place-names there
is every gradation from those of countries and great rivers down to those
of the tiniest points and rocks, too local to appear even on detailed maps.
The rule I have followed is this : every loyalist and earlier name, extinct
or extant, known to me is included, but in this century only those of
Special prominence.

In the history of important words there is a constant temptation to
attempt to refute the errors of other writers and also to give all of the
very early known forms and recorded meanings, if for no other reason
than to prevent future students from saying that one has overlooked
them. Of important names like Auc]3aque, Miramichi, etc., one can
collect a dozen forms. I have given only so many of these as seem to
me to be necessary to show the true history of the word. The many
a^UusioBs to place-names in books of travel wliicli are often curiows and
generally incorrect, are, of course, omitted, as are mere misprints in
other works.

Next to being able to give the exact history of a name, it is import¬
ant to give its first recorded use, for this is a very long step towards find¬
ing its origin. In all cases I have given, in the original form, the first
use I can find, and it is to be understood that the form given first after
the name itself is the oldest known to me.

The names of authors and of books and maps will be found repeated,
with fuller information, at the end of this paper in the bibliography. The
word '^in" before an author's name refers to a book or manuscript;
" on " refers to a map. Eoman figures after an author's name refer to his
different works as listed in the bibliography. All plans mentioned are in
the Crown Land office at Fredericton.

Where no authority for a statement is given, it is to be understood
as resting upon my own. In tl^e Indian names, unless some other
authority is given, I have obtained the names from the Indians them¬
selves, and I have used those obtained by myself wherever possible. The
use of different systems of expressing sounds by Eand and others quoted,
has made it necessary to reduce them all to one system, which I have
done, but have indicated it by (alt.) to show I have had to alter their
spelling.    Where a statement is given without qualification, it means th^^t