IDIOMS  OF  CASE  CONSTRUCTION                       87

LESSON  XIX

IDIOMS OF CASE CONSTRUCTION

100.   Secondary object.

Verbs signifying ask, conceal, demand, teach govern two objects,
one of the person, the other of the thing. In Latin both these
objects stand in the accusative case, and are called the direct
and the secondary object. When the construction is changed
to the passive, the person becomes the subject nominative; the
thing remains accusative.

Caesar demanded grain of (or from) the Haedui (or C. asked the H.
for grain), Caesar Haeduos frumentum fiagitabat; they asked Caesar
{for) his opinion, Caesarem sententiam rogaverunt; Caesar was asked
{for) his opinion, Caesar sententiam rogatus est.

Remark. The accusative of the thing remaining with the passive
voice may also be called the retained object.

a. After peto, seek, and postulo, demand, the person stands
in the ablative with ab; after quaero, inquire, in the ablative
with ab, de, or ex; after impero, in the dative (cf. 90).

When he was asking this of Caesar, haec cum a Caesare peteret; this
is what I demand of you, haec sunt quae a te postulo; wondering what
the reason was, he asked them, quae causa esset miratus, ex ipsis
quaesiit; / shall demand this of the Ubii, hoc ego Ubiis imperabo.

101.   The Latin verbs utor, use; fruor, enjoy; fungor, finish,
perform; potior, gain possession of; vescor, eat, live on, govern
an apparent direct object in the ablative.

They do not use imported animals, iumentis importatis non utuntur;
our men gained possession of their baggage and camp, impedimentis
castrisque nostri potiti sunt.

102.   Separation. That of which one is deprived, or that
from which one is excluded, freed, or separated stands in Latin