THE
 

PRACTICAL
 

SANSKRIT-ENGLISH
DICTIONARY.
 

^
 

^J
 

^m
 

^r The first letter of the Nagari
^1 Alphabet. -.^: [^^l^, 3^rn% ^HT-

rq^ m^f^ ^; 3Ti.-^R^r, ^ Tv.] 1N.

of Yishi:iu, the first of the three
sounds constituting the sacred
syllable 3Tt5; ^T^IftKt f^^'J^ff^ ^S'^TTC-

^^tT^: II; for more explanation of
the three syllables sj, ^, ^ see 3^nRr--2
N. of >S^iva, Brahma, Yayu, or Yai^va-
nara.—f/t<:/. 1 A prefix corresponding
to Latin in, Eng. iji or nn, Gr. a or
cm, and joined to nouns, adjectives,
indeclinableB (or even to verbs) as
a Bu])stitute for the negative parti¬
cle ?f^, i^nd changed to bt^ before
vowels except in the word ST-'R^pT^.
The senses of ?r usually enumerat¬
ed are six—(a) ^JW^ ^likeness' or

* resemblance' ; ^r^rr^o]-: one like a
Brahniana (wearing tlie sacred thread
&c.), but not a Brahmana, but a
Ivshatriya, or YaicS-ya; ^f^ : a reed
appearing like f ^, but not a true f ^T.
(h) BPTF^ 'absence',^negation', 'want',

* privation'; STW'f absence of know¬
ledge, ignorance; 3T^T^:,^^:,^#r5"^^
3T^T: &c. ( c ) %f' difference' or 'dis¬
tinction' ; ^^z : not a cloth, some¬
thing dift'erent from, or other than,
a cloth. ( d ) ^T^^riT * smallness',
' diminution', used as a diininutive
particle; STJ^ liaving a slender
waist (f^Tktt or rTfT^^TfTr). (e)
Bqrn^^^^ET ' badness, ' ' unfitness, '
having a depreciative sense ; b^^tr^ :
wrong or improper time ; B^^q- not
fit to be done, improper, unworthy,
bad act. (/) ftrPT ^ opposition',' con¬
trariety'; ^^frf : the opposite of
morality,   immorality;   3^[ftnT    not
 

white, black; aifHT not a god, a
demon &c. These senses are put to¬
gether in the following verse :-
rfWr|A-^M^R^rf^^^cl^c-Mrif I BTm""
^^fro^T^^T^Frf: 'SR^^^^I^RTrfr:!! See
?r also. Y^ith verbal derivatives, such
as gerunds, infinitives, participles, it
has usually the sense of 'not'; BT^rt^
not having burnt: 3TT2[^^iiot seeing;
so BTOfTrT^ not once ; BT^^qr, ^T^if^HrtJ:
&c. Sometimes 3T does not afi'ect the
sense of the second ineniber; BT-^f^T
that which lias no last, i.e. last ;
bt^TtTT having no superior, unsur¬
passed, most excellent; for examples
sec the words.-2 An interjection of
(a ) Pity {ah !) BTBT^ P. I. 1. U
Sk. (h) Pieproach, censure (fie,
shame); BTT^f^cqf ^pF'T P. YI. 3. 73
Yart. See B?^5:pr, ST^ft^FT also.
( c ) L^sed in addressing; BT BT^.
(a) It is also used as a particle of
prohibition.-3 The augment pre¬
fixed to the root in the formation of
the Imperfect, Aorist and Condi¬
tional Tenses.

N- B.—The application of this priva-
tiv^e prefix is practically unlimited ; to
give every possible case would almost
amount to a dictionary itself. No at¬
tempt will, therefore, be made to give
evet-y jjossible combination of this prefix
with a following word ; only such words
as require a special explanation, or such
as most frequently occur in the liter¬
ature and enter into compounds with
other words, will be given; others will
be found self-explaining when the English
'in,' 'un,' or 'not,' is substituted for 3^
or :^^ before the meaning of the second
word, or the sense may be expressed by
'less,' 'free from,' 'devoid or destitute
of &c ; 3^^^ unspeakable ; Bf^iJ with¬
out pride, or fi-eedom from pride ; BT^PT-
W^ not bold ; Bppy  unfortunate ; dff^
 

destitute of wealth &c. &c. In many
cases such compounds will be found ex¬
plained under the second member. Most
compounds beginning with s^ or 3j;g- are
either Tatpurusha or Baliuvr?'hi (to be
determined ])y the sense) and should be
so dissolved.

<iT^l%^ rt. (^ being regarded as
a consonant) Not a del)tor, free from

debt; f^qrar^rCT- ^[^ m^ t^rt 4r

^\^ II Mb. The form BT^f^^ also
occurs   in this sense.

^sf^ 10 U. BT^^^f^-^ To divide,
distribute, share among; also B^*:^fq--
tn*^ in this sense.

BW: [Bf^ Bi^] 1 A share, part,
portion, division; member; ^fi%fr
f^Trrfr% Ms. 9.47; g^T^: a fourth
part;  q-gf' ;    ^%^m\ ^Sl^^RT   ^T^-

^: prrrR* lig. 15.7; -^^wim

Wif^Jpfrtl" E. 8.16; Bt%^ ^flr-
rrrg^^lt^rnr K. 159 partly.-2 A share
in property, inheritance; J^^f^irf:
Ms. 8.408;  BW#r #Rqi%^1- 9.201 ;

^^^^^ ^r^t: ^^if^^r: Y. 2.115. -3

The numerator of a fraction; bt-%-
^^ncrr^f'^r f^f^l* I-ibt.; soiaetimes
used for fraction itself.-4 A degree
of latitude (or longitude); sf^^^f^j-:

-5 The shoulder (more generally
wiitten Bf^, q. v. ). -6 N. of one of
the ^dityas. The senses of ' party',
' a share of booty,' ' earnest moiu^y',
which are said to occur in the Ye da
are traceable to 1. above.-Com|). —Bt"
^: [^. rf.] a secondary incarnation ;
part of a portion. — BTRT ad^'- share by
share.—BT^RTK'^rK^ [^. rT.] descent
(on earth) of parts of deities, partial