VER]                         nautical dictionary.

ventilators now used for the like purpose of supplying fresh air
below deck by means of air pipes or tubes. See also Blast
Eiigine,
 

VENTILATOK OP THE 'NOKTHUMBERLAND' STEAM  SHIP OF WAR NOW BUILDING.

(Drawn from model.)
1. Ventilators.                               2. Steam funnel.

VERTICAL CIRCLES (Fr, Verticaux). Great circles of the
celestial sphere passing through the zenith and nadir and inter¬
secting the horizon at right angles.    See Azimuth Circles,

VESSEL (Fr. Batiment, Navire, Vaisseau) may be defined in
the words of Dr. Johnson as * any vehicle in which men or goods
are carried on water.' It perhaps more properly applies to any
kind of small ship; but throughout the present Dictionary,
whenever ships in general are spoken of the term vessel is used
instead of ship in any case where it is thought that doubt might
arise as to the intended meaning, skip being, in nautical language,
more peculiarly applicable to a vessel with three masts, having
tops and yards to each.

VICTUALLING-BILL. A custom-house warrant for putting
on board a ship's stores.

VICTUALLING-YARDS. Places where provisions and
similar stores for the Royal Navy are deposited. See Dock¬
yards,

VOLUNTEERS.    See Royal Naval Reserve,

VOYAGE. A journey by sea: more especially the passage
of a ship to distant parts.

WADS (Fr. Valets) are made of junk or rope-yarns, twisted
together in a cylindrical shape, or formed like a grommet;   they
are used to keep the shot home to the cartridge in the breech of a
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