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Rwanda
Politics, Human Rights, and Conflict Resolution

• African Human Rights Resource Center (Makerere University Human Rights & Peace Center, Uganda; University of Minnesota Human Rights Center & Human Rights Library, Minneapolis)
  • This is a collection of general & Africa-related human rights documents and links to other sites.
    
  • Home Page for Africa
  • UN document on the Rules & Procedures of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, 1995
  
  
• African Peer Review Mechanism on Rwanda, see below: UN Economic Commission on Africa
  
  
• African Union--Organization of African Unity Report on Rwanda (2000)
  
  
• Amnesty International sur le Rwanda--Profile and Updates (New York and Washington, DC)
  
  
• BBC News on Rwanda (British Broadcasting Corporation News, London, UK)
  • BBC Profile on Rwanda (Current and archive)
  • Rwanda Genocide: Ten Years On (2004)
  • Rwanda's candidates in quotes (August 22, 2003) -- elections and related stories.
    -- Voir ci-dessous: Mission d'observation electorale de l'Union européenne en août 2003
  • Text of Democratic Republic of Congo -- Rwanda Peace Deal (July 31, 2002) and related stories.
  
  
• CLIO en Afrique: "Interprétations du génocide de 1994 dans l'histoire contemporaine du Rwanda" par Jean-Pierre Chrétien. Numéro 2, été 1997. (Université de Provence, Aix-Marseille I, France)
  
  
• Commission d'Enquête Citoyenne pour la vérité sur l'implication française dans le génocide (France)
  • Rapports du Rwanda, de la Belgique, de la France, d'ONG et d'institutions internationales
  • Génocide au Rwanda: Bibliographie (2009)
  
  
• Constitution of Rwanda, 1991 (Axel Tschentscher, International Constitutional Law, Universität Bern, Switzerland)
  
  
• European Union: Mission d'observation electorale de l'Union européenne au Rwanda 2003 (Kigali, Rwanda)
  • Déclaration préliminaire des élections présidentielles, Kigali, le 27 août 2003 (via European Union, Brussels, Belgium)
  
  
• France. Parlement (1946-). Assemblée Nationale: Mission d'information sur le Rwanda, 1998 (1999) (Paris)
  Format PDF ou format RTF "zippe": Le rapport et les auditions de la mission d'information de la commission de la défense nationale et des forces armées et de la commission des affaires étrangères, sur les opérations militaires menées par la France, d'autres pays et l'ONU au Rwanda entre 1990 et 1994.
  
  
• Gouvernement du Rwanda -- Site Officiel (Voir Republic of Rwanda ci-dessous)
  
  
• Hirondelle Foundation = Fondation Hirondelle: Agence d'Information, de documentation et de formation (AIDF)auprès du Tribunal Pénal international pour le Rwanda, Arusha, Tanzanie. (Lausanne, Switzerland)
  • AIDF/IDTA in English, French, Kinyarwanda, and Swahili
  • TPIR/ICTR Dernières nouvelles = Latest news
  • Fondation Hirondelle -- Page d'accueil
  
  
• Human Rights Watch on Rwanda (New York & Washington, DC)
  • HRW on Rwanda: latest news and reports
    
    
  • "Law and reality: progress in judicial reform in Rwanda." (July 25, 2008) -- New York ; Washington, DC: HRW, 2008. (French version en format PDF)
    
    
  • "Struggling to survive: barriers to justice for rape victims in Rwanda." (September 29, 2004) Human Rights Watch report; vol. 16, no. 10(A) -- New York ; Washington, DC: HRW, 2004. (French version en format PDF)
    
    
  • Genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity: topical digests of the case law of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. February 2004. Compiled by the International Justice Program, Human Rights Watch. By Jennifer Trahan et al. -- New York ; Washington, DC : HRW, 2004. (HTML and PDF formats)
  • Rwanda, 2002. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2003. (Online).
  • Rwanda, 2001. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2002. (Online).
  • Uprooting the rural poor in Rwanda (May 2001). -- New York: Human Rights Watch, 2001.
  • Rwanda: de la recherche de la sécurité aux abus des droits de l'homme (2001) -- New York: Human Rights Watch, 2001.
  • Rwanda, 2000. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2001. (Online).
  • Rwanda, 1999. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2000. (Online).
  • Rwanda: the search for security and human rights abuses, April 2000= Rwanda: de la recherche de la sécurité aux abus des droits de l'homme. (Online) Human Rights Watch reports. Vol. 12, no. 1(A)
    
    
  • "Leave none to tell the story: genocide in Rwanda." March 1999. (Online). Written by Alison Liebhafsky Des Forges -- New York, NY : Human Rights Watch, c1999.
    -- "Ten Years Later" (April 1, 2004)
    
    
  • Rwanda, 1998-99 In Human Rights Watch World Report 1999. (Online).
  • Rwanda, 1997-98 In Human Rights Watch World Report 1998. (Online).
  
  
• Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre: Internally displaced persons in Rwanda Norwegian Refugee Council (Geneva, Switzerland)
  For each country in the IDP survey, the document collection includes an overall summary, population figures, social indicators, and some analyses.
  
  
• International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda = Tribunal Penal International Pour le Rwanda....plus "Verdicts on the Crime of Genocide" (ICTR Internet Task Force and The United Nations)
  • News and documents relating to the tribunal's mandate and activities in Arusha, Tanzania.
  • ICTR Home Page
    See also, the UN mirror site.
  • Bi-lingual UN supplemental site: "Verdicts on the Crime of Genocide" which includes: press releases and radio news
  
  
• International Crisis Group on Rwanda, 1999-- (Washington, DC ; Brussels, Belgium)
  "The ICG is a private, multinational organisation committed to strengthening the capacity of the international community to understand and respond to impending crises. ICG's approach is grounded in field research ... and advocacy."
  
  
• International Development Research Centre: The Media and the Rwanda Genocide (2007). Edited by Allan Thompson. (Ottawa, Canada) IDRC online book. 480 pages in HTML format.
  
  
• International Documentation Network on the Great African Lakes Region = Réseau documentaire international sur la région des Grands Lacs africains Réseau Grands Lacs Africains (Geneva, Switzerland)
  The website is in French or in English consisting of an archive of documents from governments, local and international NGOs, scholars, and other individuals from the early 1990s to the present. Available on the Internet or on a CD-ROM, the collection is frequently updated.
  
  
• International Peace Academy: Civil society and democratic transitions in the DRC, Burundi and Rwanda (April 2005) by Mashood Issaka and Batabiha Bushoki. -- New York: IPA, 2005. [PDF format]
  
  
• Internews Reports on Rwanda (via Internews Network, Inc., Arcata, California; in cooperation with Fondation Hirondelle, Switzerland)
  Current and back issue reports on Rwanda and the International War Crimes Tribunal in Arusha, Tanzania. 'Internews is a non-profit organization (formed in 1982) which assists small, non-governmental media organizations in emerging democracies and supports the use of the media as a tool to reduce conflict within and between countries.'
  
  
• Journal of Humanitarian Assistance. (Online) (Medford, Massachusetts)
  This online journal contains many articles on Africa, especially the Great Lakes Region.
  
  
• LDGL: Ligue des Droits de la Personne dans la région des Grands Lacs africains (Bujumbura, Burundi)
  Un site pour tous les ONGs dans la région, avec les actualités et beaucoup de rapports sur la situation des droits humains et de sécurité depuis 2003 pour chaque pays.
  
  
• LIPRODHOR: Ligue Rwandaise pour la Promotion et la Défense des Droits de l'Homme (Kigali, Rwanda)
  Ce site offre les communiqués du LIPRODHOR, des actualités sur les droits de l'homme au Rwanda, et une archive de rapports depuis 2002.
  
  
• The Media and the Rwanda Genocide. (See International Development Research Centre above)
  
  
• The Mutsinzi Report (April 2009): A Media Guide to the Committee of Experts Investigation of the
  April 6, 1994 Crash of President Habyarimana's Dassault Falcon 50 Aircraft (Republic of Rwanda, Kigali)
  The official report and media kit in Kinyarwanda, English, or French, with accompanying video.
  
  
• National Security Archive: "The U.S. and the Genocide in Rwanda 1994: Information, Intelligence and the U.S. Response." (March 24, 2004) By William Ferroggiaro. Electronic Briefing Books. (George Washington University, Washington, DC)
  
  
• Organization of African Unity/African Union: Rwanda: the preventable genocide. Report of the International Panel of Eminent Personalities to Investigate the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda and the Surrounding Events, July 7, 2000 -- Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: OAU, 2000. PDF format
  -- See also, African Union Home Page
  
  
• PBS Frontline Programs on Rwanda (PBS Online and WGBH, Boston)
  • "Ghosts of Rwanda" (2004)
    The website for the PBS television program (2 hours) about reflections on the 10th anniversary of the Rwandan genocide. The site provides excerpted interviews, links & readings, a teachers' guide, etc.
  • "The Triumph of Evil"--"How the West ignored warnings of the 1994 Rwanda Genocide..."
    This web site contains further readings, graphic and disturbing images, full text interviews and other documents supplementing the 1999 documentary on the policies of the United Nations, the United States, and Belgium before and at the time of the genocide. The role of French policies is more prominent in the texts.
  • "Valentina's Nightmare: a journey into the Rwanda genocide"
    A collection of photographs, texts, and sound files supplementing a 1996 episode of the PBS television series "Frontline". Note: Most of the images are graphic and very disturbing.
  
  
• PeaceLink for Africa Report: Goma and Bukavu Region, January 1997 (PeaceLink, Italy)
  
  
• Physicians for Human Rights (Boston, Massachusetts)
  • "[Founded in 1986] Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) is an organization of health professionals, scientists, and concerned citizens that uses the knowledge and skills of the medical and forensic sciences to investigate and prevent violations of international human rights and humanitarian law."
  • General Home Page
  
  
• The Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting 2005: "Rwanda: The Legacy of Hate" by Dele Olojede, Newsday, May 2004 (The Pulitzer Board, Columbia University, New York)
  
  
• Theory and Practice of Reconciliation in Rwanda. by Marcus Grohmann (2009) Bayreuth African Studies working papers; no. 5. (January 2009) -- Bayreuth, Germany: Universität Bayreuth, 2009. 61 pages in PDF format
  
  
• Republic of Rwanda -- Official Website (Kigali, Rwanda)
  
  
• République du Rwanda: Parlement = Parliament = Inteko Ishinga Amategeko (Kigali)
  
  
• République Rwandaise, Commission Juridique et Constitutionnelle du Rwanda (Voir ci-dessus)
  
  
• Rwanda 1994, Génocide (Michel Ognier, via Pages Perso Wanadoo, France Télécom Interactive)
  Sur ce site, un écrivain belge offre une histoire du Rwanda et un bilan quatre ans après le génocide. Il y a aussi cinq animations interactives (il faut télécharger Shockwave) "Pour tenter de comprendre rappeler l'état de nos présomptions de nos doûtes; pour éviter l'oubli et la banalisation; pour piéger les mobiles de l'horreur... (à l'invitation de l'auteur) Il s'agit d'un travail entamé où chacun est le bienvenu pour affiner les analyses, donner un point de vue, témoigner, proposer de nouveaux champs de recherche, des documents, des photos..."
  
  
• United Nations Agencies on Rwanda
  • African Peer Review Mechanism Update on Rwanda (2007) (United Nations Economic Commission on Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)
    A brief summary of the APRM review on democracy, governance, economic growth, and poverty reduction in Rwanda.
    
    
  • International Day of Reflection on the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda (April 7, 2004)
    
    
  • Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations During The 1994 Genocide in Rwanda, 15 December 1999 (New York)
    See also, a copy of the same report via the University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
    
    
  • UN High Commissioner for Refugees: Rwanda Profile and Reports, 2002- (Geneva, Switzerland)
    
    
  • UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)
    • Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN) on Rwanda (English)
      Daily and weekly regional news bulletins from UN agencies and other sources.
    
    
  • UN Peacekeeping Operations in Rwanda and Uganda/Rwanda, 1993-1996
    • UNAMIR: UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda, October 1993-March 1996
    • UNOMUR: UN Observer Mission to Uganda/Rwanda, June 1993-September 1994
    
    
  • UN Rwanda Emergency Office, Kigali (via University of Pennsylvania)
    • August 1994:
      - Report No. 32
    • September 1994:
      -Report No. 35
      -Report No. 36
      -Report No. 37
      -Report No. 40
      -Report No. 41
      -Report No. 42
      -Report No. 44
    • October 1994:
      -Report No. 45
      -Report No. 46
      -Report No. 47
      -Report No. 48
      -Report No. 49
      -Report No. 51
      -Report No. 54
      -Report No. 56
    • November 1994:
      -Report No. 59
      -Report No. 60
      -Report No. 61
      -Report No. 62
  
  
• United States. Department of State: Rwanda Country Report on Human Rights Practices: 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008
  
  
• United States Embassy in Kigali, Rwanda (U.S. Department of State, Washington, DC)
  
  
• United States Institute of Peace: "Postgenocidal reconstruction: building peace in Rwanda and Burundi" (Sept. 1999) by John Prendergast and David Smock. (Washington, DC)