Submitted: 11 February 1997 Christine Noelle, Dr. Bamberg University Home address: Oertling Weg 1 81543 Munich Germany Phones: 49-89-6516530 FAX: 49-89-6516530 Email: My research concerns the interaction between tribe (Pashtuns, Uzbeks) and state in nineteenth century Afghanistan and is based on British documents and Persian chronicles. Further research interest: role of ulama, economic developments (trade routes)