PRE-GREEK ZEITGEIST People observed alternations of rhythms: day and night, seasons, famines, etc. Awareness and recall of dreams: images of dead people, animals, composites. Concerns about the nature of things, - Cosmologies devised as explanations. Motivation for cosmologies was not scientific, e.g., predicting eclipses, droughts, etc. That was engineering, not science. Cosmologists formulated hypotheses about the basic units of things: - water, fire, air, earth, numbers. Pythagoras is a well known example. He believed that numbers held the secret of everything.