This is an intensely subjective, non-comprehensive list of books you might want to investigate:

The Things They Carried - Tim O'Brien, stories

Birds of America - Lorrie Moore, stories

The Size of Thoughts - Nicholson Baker, essays

The Essays of E.B. White

"Goodbye to All That" - an essay by Joan Didion in Slouching Towards Bethlehem

Lolita - Nabokov

The Collected Stories of John Cheever

The Collected Stories of Eudora Welty

The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter - Carson McCullers

The Ballad of the Sad Café - Carson McCullers

The Sun Also Rises - Hemingway

In Our Time - Hemingway

Any stories by Ray Carver

The Bluest Eye - Toni Morrison

The Corrections - Jonathon Franzen

The New York Trilogy - Paul Auster

Jernigan - David Gates

Preston Falls - David Gates

Pride and Prejudice - Jane Austen

Emma - Jane Austen

The Plague - Camus

A Scanner Darkly - Philip K. Dick

Wonder Boys - Michael Chabon

Mrs. Bridge - Evan Connell

Cowboys Are My Weakness - Pam Houston, stories

Dubliners - James Joyce, stories

A Personal Matter - Kenzaburo Oe

My Name Is Asher Lev - Chaim Potok

American Pastoral - Philip Roth

Revolutionary Road - Richard Yates

Madame Bovary - Flaubert

The Seagull - a play by Chekhov

Everything That Rises Must Converge - Flannery O'Connor, stories

Shakespeare plays and sonnets

Poetry by Sylvia Plath

The House of Mirth - Edith Wharton

White Noise - Don Delillo

"The Lottery" - a story by Shirley Jackson