Bibliography

Alvarado, Manuel & Thompson, John O., The Media Reader , BFI Publishing, London, 1990

Alvarado, Manuel, Edward Buscombe and Richard Collins, The Screen Education Reader :  Cinema, Television, Culture, Columbia University Press, New York

Arnheim, Rudolf, Visual Thinking .  Berkeley:  University of California Press, 1969. xi, 345 pp.  Long the best work on the psychology of visual thinking, Arnheim's book makes an important case for the importance of visual education in the full development of mind and intellect.

Barnouw, Erik, Tube of Plenty:  The Evolution of American Television .  Revised edition.  Oxford:  Oxford University Press, 1982.  viii, 552 pp.  An excellent narrative describing the development of television.

Barraclough, Geoffrey, ed., The Times Atlas of World History .  London:  Times Books Limited, 1978.  360 pp.  Historical geography is not a simple mapping of where events took place, but rather a study of how people interact -- over time and across space.  Think of this atlas as a graphic depiction of significant human communications in history.

Beniger, James R., The Control Revolution:  Technological and Economic Origins of the Information Society.   Cambridge:  Harvard University Press, 1986.  xi, 493 pp.  Beniger attempts, rather well, to explain why the exchange of information has become such a dominant activity in twentieth century life.

Benjamin, Walter, "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction." in Walter Benjamin.  Illuminations .  Hannah Arendt, ed.  Harry Zohn, trans.  New York:  Schocken Books, 1969.  pp. 217-251.  This is an important essay for reflecting on the changes in the cultural significance of art wrought by mass production techniques.

Berger, John, et al.  Ways of Seeing .  New York:  Penguin Books, 1972.  166 pp.  A book designed to provoke questions about how we see things in circumstances under which the artistic tradition has been made highly accessible.

Birkerts, Sven, The Gutenberg Elegies:  The Fate of Reading in an Electronic Age , Fawcett Columbine, New York

Bolgar, R.R., The Classical Heritage and Its Beneficiaries , Cambridge University Press, London, New York, Melbourne, 1954

Boorstin, Daniel J., The Image, or What Happened to the American Dream .  New York:  Atheneum, 1962.  ix, 315 pp.  Boorstin objects to many of the effects of modern media for putting a premium on the pseudo-event.

Braudel, Fernand, Civilization and Capitalism, 15th - 18th Century , 3 vols.  Sian Reynolds, trans.  New York:  Harper and Row, Publishers, 1981, 1982, 1984.  623, 670, 699 pp.  An education, no more need be said.

Bruns, Gerald L., Hermeneutics:  Ancient and Modern , Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1992

Campbell, Jeremy, Grammatical Man:  Information, Entropy, Language, and Life .  New York:  Simon and Schuster, 1982.  319 pp.  This is good popularization:  clear, readable, an excellent introduction to the significance of information theory and communication theory for contemporary life.

Caputo, John D., Radical Hermeneutics:  Repetition, Deconstruction, and the Hermeneutic Project , Indiana University Press, Bloomington and Indianapolis, 1987

Compaine, Benjamin M., ed., Who Owns the Media?:  Concentration of Ownership in the Mass Communications Industry .  New York:  Harmony Books, 1979.  ix, 369 pp.  This gives a good survey of the economic character of the American mass media, making a strong case that ownership of them remains sufficiently diverse for all to have a stake in the continued defense of their autonomy through the First Amendment.  Good bibliographies.

Crews, Frederick, The Memory Wars:  Freud's Legacy in Dispute , A New York Review Book, New York, 1995

Debord, Guy, Society of the Spectacle .  Anonymous, trans.  Detroit:  Black & Red, 1983 (1967).  Debord's oracular aphorisms profoundly criticize the passivity of spectator culture.

De Lamartine, A., Gutenberg:  Inventeur de L'Imprimerie , Folle Avoine, 1997

Diringer, David, The Book Before Printing:  Ancient, Medieval and Oriental , Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1982

Dreyfus, Hubert, What Computers Still Can't Do:  A Critique of Artificial Reason , The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England, 1992

Eisenstein, Elizabeth L., The Printing Press as an Agent of Change:  Communications and Cultural Transformation in Early-Modern Europe .  2 vols.  Cambridge:  Cambridge University Press, 1979.  xxi, 794 pp.  Eisenstein has posed the difficult question -- How has printing affected Western culture?  -- and she has answered it at once thoroughly and imaginatively.

Entralgo, Pedro Lain, The Therapy of the Word in Classical Antiquity , New Haven and London, Yale University Press

Febvre, Lucient and Martin, Henri-Jean, The Coming of the Book:   The Impact of Printing, 1450-1800 .  David Gerard, trans.  London:  NLB, 1976.  378 pp.  This is an excellent book on how printing developed and spread, what the book was like and how it was traded, along with some of the economic and political results directly associated with that trade.  It is not so good on the cultural effects of all that, for which Elizabeth Eisenstein's works are far more illuminating.

Finnegan, Ruth, Literacy and Orality , Blackwells, 1988

Freedberg, David, The Power of Images:  Studies in the History and Theory of Response , The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 1989

Gallagher, Shaun, Hermeneutics and Education , State University of New York Press, Albany, 1992

Gelernter, David, Mirror Worlds:  or the Day Software Puts the Universe in a Shoebox...How Will It Happen and What It Will Mean , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 1991

Graubard, Stephen, The Artificial Intelligence Debate:  False Starts, Real Foundations , The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England, 1988

Gray, Chris Hables, Postmodern War:  The New Politics of Conflict , The Guilford Press, New York and London, 1997

Habermas, Jurgen, The Theory of Communicative Action.  Volume I.  Reason and the Rationalization of Society .  Thomas McCarthy, trans.  Boston:  Beacon Press, 1984.  xlii, 465 pp.  This is a difficult book of immense importance for the themes of this course.  The rationalization of social action is both motivating force and consequence of our communications history, a process that Habermas seeks to understand through an extended critique of Max Weber.

Havelock, Eric, Preface to Plato .

Harris, William V., Ancient Literacy , Cambridge, Massachusetts, London/England, Harvard University Press

Harris, Roy, The Origin of Writing , Open Court, 1986.

Hunt, Lynn, The Invention of Pornography:  Obscenity and the Origins of Modernity, 1500-1800 , Zone Books, New York, 1993

Innis, Harold A., The Bias of Communication , University of Toronto Press, Canada, 1951

Ivins, William M. Jr., Prints and Visual Communication .  Cambridge:  The MIT Press, 1953, xxv, 190 pp.  Ivins shows the importance of exactly repeatable reproductions of pictures as a dimension in modern communication.

Jaynes, Julian, The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind .  Boston:  Houghton Mifflin Co., 1976.  vii, 467 pp.  The achievement of self-conscious awareness was a major step in the history of communication, an achievement that Jaynes attempts to understand.  Bruno Snell's The Discovery of Mind is a better, more demanding book on the subject, however.

Jencks, Charles, The Post-Modern Reader , Academy Editions, London/St. Martin's Press, New York

Jordan, David P., Transforming Paris:  The Life and Labors of Baron Haussman , The Free Press, New York 1995

Kern, Stephen, The Culture of Time and Space, 1880-1918 .  Cambridge:  Harvard University Press, 1983.  ix, 372 pp.  Kern depicts the acceleration of communication in this period as the culture of time and space, both of which were greatly foreshortened on the human scale.

Lazere, Donald, American Media and Mass Culture:  Left Perspectives , University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 1987

Lifton, Robert Jay, The Protean Self:  Human Resilience in an Age of Fragmentation , Basic Books, 1993

Lord, Albert B., The Singer of Tales , New York, Harvard University Press

Lyotard, Jean-Francois, The Postmodern Condition:  A Report on Knowledge .  Geoff Bennington and Brian Massumi, trans.  Minneapolis:  University of Minnesota Press, 1984 (1979).  xxv, 110 pp.  Lyotard examines the effects of new information technologies on the traditional use of narrative to legitimate claims to authority.

McArthur, Tom, Worlds of Reference:  Lexicography, Learning and Language from the Clay Tablet to the Computer .  Cambridge:  Cambridge University Press, 1986.  x, 230 pp.  McArthur's survey is excellent for its intelligent coverage of the cultural role of develops in the ability to store and retrieve text.  More could be said about sculpture and architecture within this context.

McLuhan, Marshall, Understanding Media:  The Extensions of Man , New York:  McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1965.  xii, 364 pp.  This is McLuhan's best book, particularly the second part of it in which McLuhan begins to inventory the diverse media, reflecting on how they have facilitated the extension of man.  As with everything by McLuhan, this work should be taken as a stimulant to one's own thinking, not as a source of views ready for passive adoption.

 McLuhan, Marshall, The Gutenberg Galaxy:  The Making of Typographic Man .  New York:  New America Library, 1969.  350 pp.  McLuhan's study of the cultural effects of printing is a highly resourceful book, in the sense that it provides the reader with many resources, if one will use it that way.

Meyrowitz, Joshua, No Sense of Place:  The Impact of Electronic Media on Social Behavior .  New York:  Oxford University Press, 1985.  xv, 416 pp.  This is an excellent study, especially important in the context of this course for reflecting on whether the three basic forms of address -- direct, physical, and logical -- should be filled out with a fourth, "virtual" address..

Minsky, Marvin, The Society of Mind , Simon and Schuster, New York, 1985

Moreau, R., The Computer Comes of Age:  The People, the Hardware, and the Software .  J. Howlett, trans.  Cambridge:  The MIT Press, 1984.  Moreau traces the development of computing up through the mid 1960's.

Morrison, Philip and Morrison Phylis, Powers of Ten:  A Book about the Relative Size of Things in the Universe and the Effect of Adding another Zero .  New York:  Scientific American Books, 1982.  xi, 159 pp.  This is a fascinatingly simple book, but one that could only have been conceived of in the past few decades.

Mumford, Lewis, The City in History:  Its Origins, Its Transformations, and Its Prospects .  New York:  Harcourt, Brace & World, 1961.  xi, 657 pp.  Mumford reflective survey of the role of the city in human history is a good stimulant for thinking about the creation of urban forms as one of the major contexts for intensifying communication a major consequence of that intensification.

Oe, Kenzaburo, A Quiet Life , Grove Press, New York

Ong, Walter J., Interfaces of the Word:  Studies in the Evolution of Consciousness and Culture , Ithaca and London, Cornell University Press

Ong, Walter J., Orality and Literacy:  the Technologizing of the Word , London and New York, Methuen

Ong, Walter J., The Presence of the Word , New Haven and London, Yale University Press

Parenti, Michael, Inventing Reality:  The Politics of the Mass Media , Martin's Press, New York

Parry, Adam, The Making of Homeric Verse:  The Collected Papers of Milman Parry , New York and Oxford, Oxford University Press

Pattison, Robert, On Literacy:  The Politics of the Word from Homer to the Age of Rock .  New York:  Oxford University Press, 1982.  xii, 246 pp.  Pattison has an admirably broad conception of literacy, holding that it entails an awareness for the uses of language, but even so, it leads him to underplay the importance of visual communication through much of our history and culture.

Pinker, Steven, The Language Instinct:  How the Mind Creates Language , William Morrow and Company, Inc. New York

Postman, Neil, Amusing Ourselves to Death:  Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business , Penguin Books, New York, 1986

Redfield, James M., Nature and Culture of the Iliad:  The Tragedy of Hector , Chicago & London, The University of Chicago Press

Rowland, Willard D. Jr. and Watkins, Bruce, eds.  Interpreting Television:  Current Research Perspectives .  Beverly Hills:  Sage Publications, 1984.  293 pp.  A useful collection of essays attempting to diagnose the cultural effects of television.

Simpson, Lorenzo C., Technology Time and the Conversations of Modernity , Routledge, New York, London, 1995

Snell, Bruno, The Discovery of the Mind

Tufte, Edward R., The Visual Display of Quantitative Information .  Cheshire, CT:  Graphics Press, 1983.  197 pp.  Tufte presents an intelligent, informative discussion of what makes the visual communication of information sound and effective.

Turkle, Sherry, The Second Self:  Computers and the Human Spirit .  New York:  Simon and Schuster, 1984.  362 pp. This is a sensitive, illuminating study of how different types of people work with computers and the way their experiences effect their sense of themselves.

Vander Waerdt, Paul A., The Socratic Movement , Ithaca and London, Cornell University Press

Virilio, Paul, Popular Defense & Ecological Struggles , Semiotext(E) Foreign Agents Series, Paris, 1978

Virilio, Paul, Speed and Politics:  An Essay on Dromology , Semiotext(E) Foreign Agents Series, Paris, 1977

Vlastos, Gregory, Socrates, Ironist and Moral Philosopher , Ithaca, New York Cornell University Press

Weber, Eugene, Peasants into Frenchmen:  The Modernization of Rural France, 1870-1914 .  Stanford:  Stanford University Press, 1976.  xv, 615 pp.  This is an important book showing how large-scale changes in transportation and communication were needed to integrate rural areas on the level of daily life into the national French culture and policy.

Webster, T.B.L., From Mycenae to Homer , New York, The Norton Library

Whitman, Cedric H., Homer and the Heroic Tradition , New York, The Norton Library

Winner, Langdon, Whale and the Reactor:  A Search for Limits in an Age of High Technology , The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 1986

Woodward, Kathleen, The Myths of Information:  Technology and Postindustrial Culture .  Madison:  Coda Press, Inc., 1980.  xxvi, 250 pp. The four essays in the section on "Communications Theory, History and Cultural Difference" are valuable for this course.

Yates, Frances A., The Art of Memory , The University of Chicago Press