Intracellular Ca2+ Signaling

Why Calcium?

How cells keep [Ca]i low

Calcium Concentrations

Ca2+ - a versatile signal

Ca2+ - a versatile signal

How Ca2+ is measured

How cells ↑ [Ca]i

Ca2+ shut-off pathways

Ca2+ oscillations

Intracellular Ca2+ Targets

Intracellular Ca2+ Targets
EF hand proteins

Calmodulin (CaM)

Classical mode of CaM regulation
Relief of autoinhibition

CaMKII

New modes of CaM interaction

New modes of CaM interaction
New modes of CaM regulation

Intracellular Ca2+ Targets
C2 Domains

C2 domains -  PKC

Synaptotagmin and neurotransmitter release