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The Slave Community: Oppression and Resistance
TOPICS >>>
Slave auctions
Dred Scott Decision, 1857
l50,000 Free African-Americans in the North, 1830
National Negro Convention Movement, 1830-1860
Nat Turner's Revolt, 1831
Denmark Vesey's Conspiracy, 1822
Amistad Revolt, 1839
Black Press; Black Church; the development of a black business community
African-American slave culture as a form of resistance:
Leslie Owens, This Species of
Property, gives examples of Black Rituals--
patterns of organized, regular behavior based on group consensus,
consciousness; songs. music, religion, humor
Levine, Black culture and consciousness; spirituals and secular songs
Eugene D. Genovese, Roll, Jordan, Roll (1974)
Role of the Black church:
Assertion of cultural and social
autonomy;
Genovese's thesis of "salvation without suicidal adventures"
Factors in Determining the Success/Failure of Black Resistance:
Geography, population density,
cultural and social cohesion
within the black population, response by white authorities, and class
divisions within the black and white populations
(e.g., Bacon's Rebellion, Populism)
Black Abolitionism and the Free Black Community, 1830-1860:
African Methodist Episcopal
Church--April, 1816 Richard Allen
Wilberforce College--1856
Mutual Benefit Societies, 1787 Free African Society/Philadelphia and Newport,
Rhode Island
Black Press:
Freedom's Journal, John Russwurm,
1827;
other publications include The Mystery, Martin Delany, Pittsburgh, 1843;
The North Star, Frederick Douglass, Rochester, NY, 1847;
The Colored Man's Journal, New York City, 1851
Vigilance committees:
Groups of northern Blacks providing
safe houses, food,
clothing and transportation to runaway slaves
Paul Cuffee, Sierre Leone, 1814-1815; American Colonization Society,
Liberia, 1822-1847: 15,000 Free African-Americans returned to West Africa
Emigration/Black Nationalism:
Martin Delany, The Condition,
Elevation, Emigration, and Destiny of the Colored People of the US, May,
1852
Compromise of 1850; Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
PERSONALITIES >>>
Frederick Douglass 1817-1895
Personal History in Slavery,
Maryland;
escape; contact with David Ruggles in NY
Political partnership with Wm Lloyd Garrison, Liberator
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
"What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" speech, 1853
Basic Political Ideology-- "Inclusion" or racial integration,
participation within the political system, elimination of separate racial
institutions, education for social improvement, women's rights and political
representation
Rev. Henry Highland Garnet
"Let Your Motto Be Resistance", 1843 speech at the Negro Convention in
Buffalo, African Civilization society, 1858
Rev. James Theodore Holly Haitian
emigration, 1850s
READINGS >>>
Paula Giddings, When
and Where I Enter,
Chapter II, pp. 33-35.
Harding, There
Is A River, Chapters III,
IV and V, pp. 52-116.
Marable and Mullings, eds.,
Let Nobody Turn Us Around,
Section One, Number 5, pp. 35-41; Number 10, pp. 50-52; Number 11, pp.
52-57; Number 13, pp. 64-67; Number 17, pp. 91-109; and Number 19, pp.
114-116.
MULTIMEDIA >>>
Music: Traditional
Negro Spirituals, 19th century: "Go, Down, Moses," "Didn't My Lord Deliver
Daniel," "Wade in the Water."
Films: Clips from films
about slave revolts, such as Marlon Brando's Burn; Nat Turner's revolt,
slave maroons-- runaway slave communities.
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