| Teratology |
| Teratology |
| Birth Defects |
| Slide 4 |
| Major and Minor Anomalies |
| Down Syndrome |
| Turner Syndrome |
| Trisomy 13 |
| Trisomy 18 |
| Achondroplasia |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism Causing Birth Defects |
| Teratogens |
| Slide 13 |
| Slide 14 |
| How are agents determined to be teratogenic ? |
| Effect of Exposure Depends on Timing |
| Slide 17 |
| Nicotine |
| Fetal Alcohol Syndrome |
| Fetal Alcohol Syndrome |
| Tetraclycine |
| Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome |
| Retinoic acid |
| Thalidomide Syndrome |
| Congenital Rubella |
| Congenital CMV |
| Ionizing Radiation |
| Maternal Hyperglycemia |
| Babies of Mother’s with PKU |
| Slide 30 |
| Threshold Effect-Multifactorial |