| Low fiber and sedentary lifestyle | |
| Metabolic and endocrine disturbances | |
| Mechanical obstruction | |
| Drug use | |
| Psychiatric disease & psychosocial distress | |
| Neurologic impairment | |
| Inhibition of rectal defecation reflex |
| History | ||
| symptoms | ||
| diet and exercise | ||
| Physical exam | ||
| skin | ||
| abdomen | ||
| rectal | ||
| neurologic | ||
| Lab | ||
| X-rays | ||
| R/O metabolic disorders | ||
| R/O anemia in elderly | ||
| Reassure | |
| Education | |
| Improve diet and exercise | |
| Bulking agents or laxatives | |
| Enemas for impaction | |
| Time for defecation | |
| Prevention |