Changing Behavior

The Extended Parallel
Process Model

Persuasive Message Theories

Health Belief Model

Theory of Reasoned Action

Social-Cognitive Theory

Elaboration Likelihood Model

Theories

Slide 9

Approaches

Stages of Change Model

Slide 12

The Stages

Precontemplation

Contemplation

Preparation

Action

Maintenance

Levels of Prevention (3)

Elements of Prevention (4)

Education

Treatment

Public Policy & Law Enforcement

All the levels
&
Elements of Prevention

Where can we apply Stages of Change Model?

Categorize the Behavior

Techniques for Stage Placing

Take an Excellent Health History

Understand the Difference

The 4 A’s

Be Informed!

Applying the
Stages of Change Model

"Individual Applications"

Smoking Cessation

Tobacco Facts

Tobacco kills more people than all of these causes of death combined:

"One in every five deaths..."

"On average smokers die"

"Cigarette smoke contains 4,000 chemicals"

Why Smoke?

Nicotine is Not Addictive?!

Commercial Break

CEO’s of Big Tobacco
Congress  1994

Smoking Cessation

Living Well . . . Tobacco Free

Four Program Components (encompass the elements of prevention)

Freshstart Sessions
(encompass the stages of change)

Smoking Cessation

CDC recognizes Tobacco Cessation as one of the ten greatest public health achievements of the 20th Century

Where have we begun to succeed as a society?

Legislation

More legislation

Achievements

BUT

Where do providers fall short?

Smoking Cessation Clinical Practice Guideline, 2000

As a society, we are SLOWLY changing our behavior

Weight Loss

Examples

Westhoefer’s Stages

Are the programs effective?

Why does this research seem inconclusive?

Weight Loss

Levels of Prevention

Safer Sex

Abstinence

Safer Sex

ESID

ESID parameters

Why?

ESID Principles

Results at 2 months

Results after 1 Year

In conclusion

What’s in common?

What is Different?

Complementary Medical Interventions

Changing Behavior of Providers