Introduction to OraQuick Rapid HIV Testing

William F. Ryan Community Health Center

School Based Health Program

Presenters

Jill Gallin, CPNP

Supervisor School Based Health Program

Beth Bitton, CSW

Social Worker

School Based Health Program

Our program offers complete primary care services onsite to students at

West Side High School

and

Booker T. Washington Middle School

National HIV Statistics

Somewhere between 900,000 and 1,125,000 Americans are now infected with HIV

50 to 60 percent of those infected with HIV DO NOT KNOW they are infected

In 2003, between 40,000 and 50,000 Americans were infected with HIV

25% of all newly infected individuals are teenagers

50% of all newly infected individuals are age 25 or younger

The rate of new HIV infections is climbing fastest in teenagers, women and people of color

HIV Testing Methods

Blood Test

OraSure

OraQuick

Taking the Test

Why Rapid Test?

Up to a third of people who have a sample taken for conventional (two week wait) testing never return to get their results.

Why not return?

Stigma and Shame Associated with HIV

Denial

Fear

Lack of awareness of treatment options

Rapid Test Procedure

Slide 10

Slide 11

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Students should assume everyone they date might be infected with HIV

The benefits of testing with OraQuick

Testing helps stop the spread of HIV

Testing and treatment help stop the progression of AIDS

Rapid results facilitate patient awareness of HIV status

Pregnant women

HIV positive

Health care workers

What you need to know in addition as nurses

OraSure, OraQuick and blood test are detecting antibody to HIV

In neonates the presence of antibody could mean exposure to HIV, but not infection with HIV. Maternal antibodies may persist for up to 6 months

Absence of antibodies is not proof of absence of infection or incapability of transmitting HIV. Antibody response to recent exposure may take several months to develop. “seroconversion”

What you need to know in addition as nurses

In the United States we typically test for HIV-1 antibodies. A closely related but distinct type of pathogenic human immunodeficiency retrovirus is HIV-2.

HIV-2 has been isolated in West African patients with AIDS. Get a history!

Questions: 1987

Should…

persons attending STD clinics have a test for HIV antibody?

persons attending drug treatment programs have a test for HIV antibody?

the sexual partners of people with HIV infection be notified about their potential exposure and tested and counseled?

Questions: 1987

Should…

persons attending family planning services have a test for HIV antibody?

pregnant women have a test for HIV antibody as early in pregnancy as possible?

HIV antibody testing be a routine part of a premarital testing program?

Every patient admitted to a hospital be tested for HIV antibody?

Questions: 1987

How…

Can HIV antibody test results be used for appropriate medical and public health purposes without their being used for discrimination of social ostracism?

1989 Recommendation

No positive test results should be given to clients/patients until a screening test has been repeatedly reactive (i.e., two or more tests) on the same specimen, and a supplemental, more specific test such as the Western blot has been used to validate those results.

Proportion of persons who do not return for their HIV test results

Slide 24

1998 Recommendation

Health care workers should provide preliminary positive rapid test results before confirmatory results are available in situations where tested persons benefit.

Contact Information

Jill Gallin

Supervisor School Health Program

Beth Bitton

Social Worker

William F. Ryan Community Health Center

110 West 97^th Street

New York, NY 10025

Email: [email protected]

Phone: (212)678-7379

Fax: (212) 663-1560

www.ryancenter.org


	Jill Gallin, CPNP
	Supervisor School Based Health Program

	Beth Bitton, CSW
	Social Worker


	Our program offers complete primary care services onsite to students at
	West Side High School
	and
	Booker T. Washington Middle School


	Somewhere between 900,000 and 1,125,000 Americans are now infected with HIV

	50 to 60 percent of those infected with HIV DO NOT KNOW they are infected

	In 2003, between 40,000 and 50,000 Americans were infected with HIV

	25% of all newly infected individuals are teenagers

	50% of all newly infected individuals are age 25 or younger

	The rate of new HIV infections is climbing fastest in teenagers, women and people of color


	Up to a third of people who have a sample taken for conventional (two week wait) testing never return to get their results.


	Stigma and Shame Associated with HIV
	Denial
	Fear
	Lack of awareness of treatment options


	Testing helps stop the spread of HIV
	Testing and treatment help stop the progression of AIDS
	Rapid results facilitate patient awareness of HIV status
		Pregnant women
		HIV positive
		Health care workers


	OraSure, OraQuick and blood test are detecting antibody to HIV
		In neonates the presence of antibody could mean exposure to HIV, but not infection with HIV. Maternal antibodies may persist for up to 6 months
		Absence of antibodies is not proof of absence of infection or incapability of transmitting HIV. Antibody response to recent exposure may take several months to develop. “seroconversion”


	In the United States we typically test for HIV-1 antibodies. A closely related but distinct type of pathogenic human immunodeficiency retrovirus is HIV-2.

	HIV-2 has been isolated in West African patients with AIDS. Get a history!


	Should…
		persons attending STD clinics have a test for HIV antibody?
		persons attending drug treatment programs have a test for HIV antibody?
		the sexual partners of people with HIV infection be notified about their potential exposure and tested and counseled?


	Should…
		persons attending family planning services have a test for HIV antibody?
		pregnant women have a test for HIV antibody as early in pregnancy as possible?
		HIV antibody testing be a routine part of a premarital testing program?
		Every patient admitted to a hospital be tested for HIV antibody?


	How…

		Can HIV antibody test results be used for appropriate medical and public health purposes without their being used for discrimination of social ostracism?


	No positive test results should be given to clients/patients until a screening test has been repeatedly reactive (i.e., two or more tests) on the same specimen, and a supplemental, more specific test such as the Western blot has been used to validate those results.


	Health care workers should provide preliminary positive rapid test results before confirmatory results are available in situations where tested persons benefit.


	Jill Gallin
	Supervisor School Health Program

	Beth Bitton
	Social Worker

	William F. Ryan Community Health Center
	110 West 97^th Street
	New York, NY 10025

	Email: [email protected]
	Phone: (212)678-7379
	Fax: (212) 663-1560

	www.ryancenter.org