Time Series Epidemiology
Addresses effects in narrow time window
Involves multiple regression analysis of long series
of daily observations
Large number of studies have reported significant
associations between daily deaths and/or hospital
visit counts and daily average air pollution.
Time series design avoids spatial confounding;
however, temporal confounding due to seasons and
weather must be addressed.
Particles often appear most important, but CO,
SO2, NO2, and/or ozone may also play roles.
For example, NMMAPS Study