Images of Public Health
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The System and Social Enterprise |
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The Profession |
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The Methods |
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Government Services |
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The Health of the Public |
Public Health Systems
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“human, informational, financial, |
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and organizational resources, including
public, private and individuals, |
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that contribute to the public’s
health.” NACCHO |
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Public Health History
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Sanitation & Housing |
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Communicable Disease |
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Industrialization, Labor Laws |
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Maternal and Child Health, Nutrition |
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Mental Health |
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Vital Statistics, Epidemiology |
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Medical Care, Sickness Insurance |
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Health Promotion, Clinical Prevention |
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Injury & Violence Prevention |
Determinants of Health
Approach and Rationale
Public Health Components
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Legal – Laws, Administrative Law |
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Practice – Protocols, Standards |
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Funding – Taxes, Fees, Contributions,
Grants |
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Personnel – Education, Training,
Experience |
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Public – Advocates, Partners, Advisers |
Role of Government
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Legislature |
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laws, funding, oversight, public review |
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Executive |
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leadership, delegation of power, appointment
of public health officials and advisors,
priority setting |
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Judiciary |
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enforcement, legislative review |
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Public Health-NY State and
County
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Health |
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Mental Health |
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Alcohol and Substance Abuse |
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Labor-OSHA* |
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Environmental Conservation-fish |
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Education-professional licensing* |
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Ag & Markets-milk, meat, grocery |
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Taxation-Alcohol & Tobacco Sales |
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Typical Local Health
Department in NYS
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Administration, Fiscal, Human Resources |
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Planning, Info Systems, Data Management |
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Personal Health Services |
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Communicable Disease Control |
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Children with Special Health Care Needs |
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Environmental Health |
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Health Information, Education and
Promotion |
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Public Health –
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Core Functions (IOM 1988) |
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Policy Development |
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Assessment |
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Assurance |
Slide 11
Essential Services
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Assessment |
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Monitor health status to identify
community health problems |
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Diagnose and investigate health
problems and health hazards in the community (including laboratory capacity) |
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Inform, educate and empower people
about health issues |
Essential Services
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Policy Development |
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Mobilize community partnerships (with
other public and health agencies, elected officials, and funding agencies) to
identify and solve health problems |
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Develop (laws,) policies, and plans
that support individual and community health efforts (improvement) |
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Enforce laws and regulations that
protect health and ensure safety |
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Essential Services
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Assurance |
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Link people to needed personal health
services and assure the provision of
(environmental protection and) personal health services |
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Assure a competent public health and
personal health workforce |
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Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility
and quality of personal and population based health services (and the impact
of budget changes) |
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Research for new insights and
innovative solutions to health problems |
Slide 15
Actual Causes of Death
Estimated Totals 50 % of All Deaths, 1990
"Committee on Assuring
the Health..."
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Committee on Assuring the Health of the
Public in the 21st Century |
The Public Health System
Linkages and Overlaps
Public Health Services –
WTC Response
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Assessment |
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Monitor |
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Diagnose and Investigate |
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Inform |
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Policy |
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Mobilize |
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Develop |
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Enforce |
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Assurance |
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Link people to services |
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Assure competent workforce |
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Evaluate |
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Research |