Nucleotides, nucleic acids and the genetic material

It all started with Mendel

An example of a two factor cross

Nettie Sevens, Walter Sutton and Edmund Wilson, working with the giant chromosomes of Brachystola (grasshoppers) formulated the chromosomal theory of heredity.

Chromosome theory of heredity cont.

Chromosome theory of heredity cont.

The fly room

Slide 8

Sturdevant’s experiment demonstrating recombination

What is the actual genetic material, ie what is the composition of chromosomes?

Archibald Garrod

One gene one enzyme

Slide 13

Fred Griffith

Slide 15

What should have been the definitive experiment

Avery el.al.’s Experiment

Hershey Chase blender experiment.  Okay, okay its DNA

Slide 19

DNA structure

DNA structure

"The structure of DNA was..."

DNA structure

DNA structure

Slide 25

The structure of nucleotides

The key to how DNA works resides in its structure and in how it duplicates

Conservative verses semiconservative replication

The experiment

Slide 30

Now we understand how DNA must replicate but how does it actually happen?

Mechanism of DNA replication

This is a simplified view.  The details...

Replication cont.

More replication.

Synthesis is always 5’ to 3’

Initiation of DNA syn at oriC

DNA synthesis

How does RNA fit in; its complementary to DNA

How do we know DNA makes RNA

How do we know DNA makes RNA