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| Substitutions that occur in |
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| protein-coding
sequences |
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| • | Silent-
changes a codon, but not the |
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| encoded
amino acid residue |
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| – | possible
because the code is degenerate |
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| • | Missense-
changes the encoded residue |
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| • | Nonsense-
an amino acid-encoding |
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| codon
becomes a stop codon |
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| ©1999 Lee
Bardwell |