Cancer

What is cancer?

Cancer is an umbrella term covering a plethora of conditions characterized by unscheduled and uncontrolled cellular proliferation.

Cancer continued; three cancer types

Properties of cancer cells

Properties of cancer cells

Cancer Incidence and Death Rate Fig. 16.2

Cancer Fig 16.3

Early detection is the key!

What causes Cancer?
Genetic mutations

Cancer:  Benign

Cancer : Malignant

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Events in metastasis.

ASSOCIATION WITH HUMAN CANCERS

Mechanisms of oncogene activation

Types of proteins encodes by oncogenes

Cancer has a lot to do with cell signaling for growth

ErbB is mutant EGFR

It takes two or more

Pathways leading to cancer

Cloning human ras

Cancer is a multi-step process

Loss of Rb and cancer

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Adenovirus genome

How DNA TV cause cancer

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Cancer  Fig. 16.13

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p53 in apoptosis

Apoptosis

Capsase activation

The role of caspase

Caspase

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P53 as a transcription factor which exerts
its effect by regulating other genes

P53 can bind to DNA!

P53 and the cell cycle

p53 and tumor formation

What does p53 do?

How is p53 Activated?

Mouse double minute 2

The discovery of p53

p53 as a positive cell regulator
An oncogene?

53 cooperate with Ha-ras

Inactivation of p53 in Friend murine erythroleukemia

Wild type p53 has antiproliferative properties and does not cooperate with Ha-ras

p53 gene is mutated in a wide variety of human cancer

Germline mutation of the p53 gene are found in Li-Fraumeni patients

Why p53 micro-injection of monoclonal antibodies induces a growth arrest ?

Wild type p53 as a tumor suppressor gene and mutant p53 as a dominant oncogene ?

Suppression of Oncogene

FEBS Letters Volume 493  30 March 2001 Nuclear and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways of p53 Ute M. Moll ^,   and Alex Zaika

Steps in the activation of Ras by RTKs.  Fig. 15.24

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