%!PS-Adobe-1.0 %%Title: cbx.mss %%DocumentFonts: (atend) %%Creator: Frank da Cruz,718W,0000, and Scribe 6(1600) %%CreationDate: 15 May 1989 18:02 %%Pages: (atend) %%EndComments % PostScript Prelude for Scribe. /BS {/SV save def 0.0 792.0 translate .01 -.01 scale} bind def /ES {showpage SV restore} bind def /SC {setrgbcolor} bind def /FMTX matrix def /RDF {WFT SLT 0.0 eq {SSZ 0.0 0.0 SSZ neg 0.0 0.0 FMTX astore} {SSZ 0.0 SLT sin SLT cos div SSZ mul SSZ 0.0 0.0 FMTX astore} ifelse makefont setfont} bind def /SLT 0.0 def /SI { /SLT exch cvr def RDF} bind def /WFT /Courier findfont def /SF { /WFT exch findfont def RDF} bind def /SSZ 1000.0 def /SS { /SSZ exch 100.0 mul def RDF} bind def /AF { /WFT exch findfont def /SSZ exch 100.0 mul def RDF} bind def /MT /moveto load def /XM {currentpoint exch pop moveto} bind def /UL {gsave newpath moveto dup 2.0 div 0.0 exch rmoveto setlinewidth 0.0 rlineto stroke grestore} bind def /LH {gsave newpath moveto setlinewidth 0.0 rlineto gsave stroke grestore} bind def /LV {gsave newpath moveto setlinewidth 0.0 exch rlineto gsave stroke grestore} bind def /BX {gsave newpath moveto setlinewidth exch dup 0.0 rlineto exch 0.0 exch neg rlineto neg 0.0 rlineto closepath gsave stroke grestore} bind def /BX1 {grestore} bind def /BX2 {setlinewidth 1 setgray stroke grestore} bind def /PB {/PV save def translate 100.0 -100.0 scale pop} bind def /PE {PV restore} bind def /SH /show load def /MX {exch show 0.0 rmoveto} bind def /W {0 32 4 -1 roll widthshow} bind def /WX {0 32 5 -1 roll widthshow 0.0 rmoveto} bind def % Generate encodings for accent fonts. 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The ultimate effect is) 65 W( on the people)66 W 7200 25431 MT (sitting at their) 38 W( personal computers, running the software packages they are accustomed to,)37 W 7200 26826 MT (accessing the applications and services required by) 94 W( their work. Communications software)95 W 7200 28221 MT (packages represent an enormous investment in both time and money. Can) 31 W( this investment)30 W 7200 29616 MT (be preserved when an analog telephone voice network and a separately) 93 W( switched terminal)94 W 7200 31011 MT (network are replaced by a single digital voice/data private branch exchange?) 4 W( In) 312 W( this article,)3 W 7200 32406 MT (we will address a very specific concern: how RS-232-C communications software) 108 W( packages)109 W 7200 33801 MT (\050see)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 9552 XM (Shopping for software) 71 W( that lets PCs with mainframes)70 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (, December 1987\051 can be adapted)70 W 7200 35196 MT (to the new environment.)SH 7200 37707 MT (Several years ago, during the) 238 W( early days of disvestiture, Columbia University began to)239 W 7200 39102 MT (investigate of the possibility of) 186 W( replacing its AT&T Centrex telephone equipment with a)185 W 7200 40497 MT (university-owned private branch exchange \050PBX\051.) 242 W( Ownership) 792 W( of the switch and wiring)243 W 7200 41892 MT (plant has its advantages,) 188 W( primarily cost containment and operational control. The high)187 W 7200 43287 MT (capital expenditure could be offset over time by the expected savings in operating costs.)180 W 7200 44682 MT (Columbia's request for) 134 W( proposals included a requirement for simultaneous data and voice)133 W 7200 46077 MT (capabilities, as) 126 W( well as for extra wire pairs at each wall jack to accommodate future data)127 W 7200 47472 MT (expansion.)SH 7200 49983 MT (The university is now in the throes of installing) 145 W( an IBM 9750 Business Communications)144 W 7200 51378 MT (System, which is composed of an IBM 9751 Computerized Branch Exchange \050CBX\051) 108 W( Model)109 W 7200 52773 MT (70 connected to) 8 W( desktop ROLMphones \050see)7 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 29250 XM (Inside IBM's new PBX, or the search for an office)7 W 7200 54168 MT (networking hub)48 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (, January 1988\051. When the project is complete, 75 buildings on and around)49 W 7200 55563 MT (Manhattan's Morningside Heights campus will be completely) 295 W( rewired, with the wiring)294 W 7200 56958 MT (plant extending to virtually every office, classroom, and dormitory room.) 146 W( For) 599 W( off-campus)147 W 7200 58353 MT (buildings, a total of) 27 W( a dozen cable trenches will be dug across the local streets. In all, 6,000)26 W 7200 59748 MT (miles of cable will be laid. About 50,000 wire pairs will be connected) 359 W( to the main)360 W 7200 61143 MT (distribution frame in Columbia's central) 390 W( administration building, Low Library. One)389 W 7200 62538 MT (hundred thousand pairs of riser cables will) 144 W( be installed, and a similar number of station)145 W 7200 63933 MT (cables will be connected to) 476 W( about 13,000 voice/data jacks, about 3,500 of them in)475 W 7200 65328 MT (dormitories. Whereas) 552 W( data installations were once difficult or impossible,) 123 W( often requiring)124 W 7200 66723 MT (months of lead time, the new wiring plant will make them quick and simple.)SH 7200 69234 MT (The cutover will affect) 276 W( all those who use the university's computers because the 9750)275 W 7200 70629 MT (Business Communications System will) 78 W( replace not only the Centrex phone equipment, but)79 W ES %%Page: 2 2 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30322 4286 MT (2)SH 11 SS 7200 7955 MT (also the Gandalf PACX IV) 369 W( data switch, which provides access to Columbia's central)368 W 7200 9350 MT (mainframe computers. Because of fundamental differences between Centrex and) 102 W( the new)103 W 7200 10745 MT (switch, the installation will also affect those who dial out from their) 214 W( offices to external)213 W 7200 12140 MT (services.)SH 7200 14651 MT (When the) 274 W( new switch is fully installed, it will provide intra-switch connections, dialin)275 W 7200 16046 MT (connections, and dialout connections.) 72 W( Each) 449 W( of these presents its own conversion problems,)71 W 7200 17441 MT (and choosing among complicated options may be critical to) 275 W( achieving satisfactory data)276 W 7200 18836 MT (communications.)SH 7200 21347 MT (Although the present discussion is specific to the IBM 9750 Business) 261 W( Communications)260 W 7200 22742 MT (System, it also applies in large part to the Rolm and IBM/Rolm CBX) 62 W( products, such as the)63 W 7200 24137 MT (CBX II 9000 and the VSCBX 8000. The problems addressed would likely surface during)137 W 7200 25532 MT (installations of digital PBXs from other vendors as well. For the remainder of this) 67 W( article,)68 W 7200 26927 MT (the IBM 9750 will be referred to as "the CBX.")SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 30373 MT (Data Calls to Campus Computers)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 32505 MT (For the past 12 years, terminals at Columbia University have) 12 W( been connected to Columbia's)11 W 7200 33900 MT (central mainframes through a Gandalf PACX IV data switch.) 114 W( PACX) 535 W( connections come in)115 W 7200 35295 MT (the form of an LDS-125, a) 261 W( limited-distance modem on the user's desk with four wires)260 W 7200 36690 MT (carrying analog signals back to the) 116 W( PACX. To connect to a particular computer, the user)117 W 7200 38085 MT (turns on the LDS-125, types) 127 W( a carriage return for speed recognition, then gets a menu of)126 W 7200 39480 MT (the available systems, and is prompted to select one:)SH /Courier SF 8520 41280 MT (Welcome to PACX IV SE.)SH 8520 43508 MT (Valid node names are: HOSTA, HOSTB, HOSTC, MYHOST)SH 8520 45736 MT (Enter node name =>)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 21060 XM (\050user types system name here\051)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 47605 MT (For example, the user might type MYHOST. The PACX maintains a) 13 W( table of computer host)14 W 7200 49000 MT (names and) 71 W( associated ports. When a known host is selected, the PACX finds the first free)70 W 7200 50395 MT (port and establishes a circuit between it) 19 W( and the user's terminal port, as shown in Figure 1.)20 W 7200 51790 MT (When dialing in from off-campus, the) 149 W( LDS-125 is replaced by the user's modem, and the)148 W 7200 53185 MT (user dials the) 236 W( number of a modem hunt group connected to the PACX. Once the dial)237 W 7200 54580 MT (connection is complete, the procedure is the same.)SH 7200 57091 MT (Under the new regime, Centrex phones will be replaced with special units) 17 W( manufactured by)16 W 7200 58486 MT (IBM/Rolm, called "ROLMphones." These can) 70 W( be voice-only, or voice/data. The data option)71 W 7200 59881 MT (adds a 25-pin RS-232-C connector and accompanying electronics to) 356 W( the single-line or)355 W 7200 61276 MT (multiple-line voice telephone. Through a single pair of wires, a) 126 W( data-equipped phone can)127 W 7200 62671 MT (manage a voice conversation simultaneous with an asynchronous data connection up) 218 W( to)217 W 7200 64066 MT (19.2 Kbit/s, using a proprietary protocol known as "ROLMlink.") 184 W( This) 675 W( single instrument)185 W 7200 65461 MT (replaces the Centrex telephone, the LDS-125, and the user's dialout modem.)SH 7200 67972 MT (When the PACX is replaced by the) 118 W( new CBX, the dialog will change. As before, the user)117 W 7200 69367 MT (types a carriage return for speed recognition, but the prompt is different,) 8 W( and the user must)9 W 7200 70762 MT (type "call" in front of the hostname.)SH ES %%Page: 3 3 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30322 4286 MT (3)SH 46800 50 7200 8155 UL 11 /Courier AF 41520 11192 MT (__________)SH 19080 12306 MT (Gandalf PACX) SH( O) 13200 W( |)5940 W 19080 13420 MT (_____________________ O) 7260 W( Host) 660 W( A |)SH 8520 14534 MT (terminal ----- O) SH( O) 13200 W( O) 6600 W( |)5940 W 8520 15648 MT (terminal ----- O) SH( O) 13200 W( O__________|)6600 W 8520 16762 MT (terminal ----- O) SH( O) 13200 W( __________)7260 W 8520 17876 MT (terminal ----- O) SH( O) 13200 W( O) 6600 W( |)5940 W 10500 18990 MT (: O) 21120 W( O) 6600 W( Host) 660 W( B |)SH 10500 20104 MT (: O) 21120 W( O) 6600 W( |)5940 W 9180 21218 MT (modem ------- O) SH( O) 13200 W( O__________|)6600 W 9180 22332 MT (modem ------- O) SH( O) 13200 W( __________)7260 W 9180 23446 MT (modem ------- O) SH( O) 13200 W( O) 6600 W( |)5940 W 9180 24560 MT (modem ------- O_____________________O) SH( O) 6600 W( Host) 660 W( C |)SH 40860 25674 MT (O |)5940 W 40860 26788 MT (O__________|)SH 8520 29016 MT (\050** REPLACE WITH ARTWORK **\051)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 20209 31999 MT (Figure 1:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 25804 XM (The Gandalf PACX Data PBX)SH 46800 50 7200 33951 UL /Courier SF 8520 35633 MT (CALL, DISPLAY OR MODIFY?)SH 8520 36747 MT (call myhost)SH 8520 37861 MT (CALLING 74258)SH 8520 38975 MT (CALL COMPLETE)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 40844 MT (In this case, the user types "CALL MYHOST". This) 11 W( superficial change in format should not)10 W 7200 42239 MT (pose an) 142 W( insurmountable problem. In all likelihood, users have been interacting with the)143 W 7200 43634 MT (PACX "manually" all) 329 W( these years, and conversion to the new switch will be a minor)328 W 7200 45029 MT (psychological adjustment. Dialing in from off-campus also remains the) 237 W( same as before)238 W 7200 46424 MT (except for the change in syntax.)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 49870 MT (The Modem Problem)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 52002 MT (Matters are more complicated) 205 W( for those who want to dial off-campus sites from campus)204 W 7200 53397 MT (phones. To) 1132 W( understand why, it helps) 413 W( to know something about modems and their)414 W 7200 54792 MT (relationship to the CBX.)SH 7200 57303 MT (A modem, or) 482 W( "modulator-demodulator," converts the digital signals of a computer's)481 W 7200 58698 MT (RS-232-C serial) 243 W( communications port to analog waveforms suitable for transmission on)244 W 7200 60093 MT (voice-grade telephone lines, and vice versa \050Fig. 2\051.)SH 7200 62604 MT (Modems come in two major varieties: acoustically coupled) 121 W( and directly connected \050Fig. 3\051.)120 W 7200 63999 MT (Acoustic coupling is) 74 W( susceptible to noise and vibration; therefore, it only works under good)75 W 7200 65394 MT (conditions, and only up to speeds of 300 bit/s or 1.2 Kbit/s.)SH 7200 67905 MT (Whether internal or external to the computer, direct-connect) 288 W( modems reduce potential)287 W 7200 69300 MT (problems and increase the maximum speed by providing a direct electrical connection to the)3 W 7200 70695 MT (telephone wall) 59 W( jack. Furthermore, these modems have access to all the wires in the phone)58 W ES %%Page: 4 4 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30322 4286 MT (4)SH 46800 50 7200 8155 UL 11 /Courier AF 10500 11192 MT (RS-232-C Analog) 4620 W( phone line) SH( RS-232-C)4620 W 8520 12306 MT (PC----------modem---------------------modem----------host)SH 9840 13420 MT (\050digital \050wavy) 4620 W( analog waves\051)SH 10500 14534 MT (square)SH 10500 15648 MT (waves\051)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 19261 17517 MT (Figure 2:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 24978 XM (A Traditional Modem Connection)SH 46800 50 7200 19469 UL 46800 50 7200 21420 UL /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 8520 24526 MT (A picture of an acoustic coupler, an external direct-connect modem, and an)SH 8520 25640 MT (internal modem)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 18471 28623 MT (Figure 3:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 24188 XM (Acoustic vs. Direct-Connect Modems)SH 46800 50 7200 30575 UL 7200 32326 MT (circuit, so they can simulate all the functions of a telephone: detecting and answering a)175 W 7200 33721 MT (ring, going off-hook, and even dialing a phone number.)SH 7200 36232 MT (ROLMphones cannot be used with direct-connect modems,) 658 W( however, because the)657 W 7200 37627 MT (proprietary ROLMlink signaling that) 170 W( takes place between the telephone and the CBX is)171 W 7200 39022 MT (incompatible with the signaling methods used by modems \050Fig.) 213 W( 4\051.) 731 W( Thus,) 730 W( it serves no)212 W 7200 40417 MT (purpose to plug) 23 W( a modem into the ROLMphone's wall jack -- the modem and the switch will)24 W 7200 41812 MT (not be able to communicate.)SH 7200 44323 MT (Hundreds of) 119 W( people at the university have direct-connect modems in their offices or dorm)118 W 7200 45718 MT (rooms. If) 452 W( they cannot use these modems with their new) 73 W( ROLMphones, then how can they)74 W 7200 47113 MT (call off-campus computers, outside data services, and computer bulletin boards?)SH 46800 50 7200 49264 UL /Courier SF 42840 52301 MT (Analog)SH 10500 53415 MT (RS-232-C ROLMlink) 6600 W( RS-232-C) 3300 W( phone) 4620 W( line)SH 8520 54529 MT (PC----------ROLMphone-----------CBX-----------modem---------------)SH 8520 56757 MT (\050phone line, cont'd\051) SH( RS-232-C) 3960 W( \050**) 5940 W( SEE ARTWORK **\051)SH 8520 57871 MT (---------------------modem----------host)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 19208 59740 MT (Figure 4:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 24925 XM (Dialing Out from the IBM Switch)SH 46800 50 7200 61692 UL 7200 64003 MT (IBM's solution to the) 227 W( dialout problem is to provide the switch with a central outbound)226 W 7200 65398 MT (modem pool, in which modems are) 101 W( assigned dynamically to those who request them. The)102 W 7200 66793 MT (pool has many advantages: it is shared by all of the univerity's) 371 W( computer users, so)370 W 7200 68188 MT (economies of scale are achieved; it is centrally maintained; and it) 82 W( can be upgraded as new)83 W 7200 69583 MT (technologies appear. It may be used by anyone having a ROLMphone with the) 24 W( data option,)23 W 7200 70978 MT (plus a) 234 W( terminal or personal computer with a serial communications port and a modem)235 W ES %%Page: 5 5 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30322 4286 MT (5)SH 11 SS 7200 7955 MT (cable. \050Those) 655 W( who have an internal modem only, with no serial port, will have to get a)174 W 7200 9350 MT (serial port and cable.\051)SH 7200 11861 MT (However, the modem pool has one key disadvantage: the conventions used) 433 W( for call)434 W 7200 13256 MT (placement are not the ones used by the Hayes modem. This seems a trivial point until) 63 W( we)62 W 7200 14651 MT (begin to look at the) 61 W( popular communications software packages that are actually in use on)62 W 7200 16046 MT (campus. Most) 786 W( of these packages expect to be running on personal computers that are)239 W 7200 17441 MT (connected to Hayes or compatible modems and, therefore, "speak" to the modem using) 85 W( the)86 W 7200 18836 MT (Hayes AT command set. The switch, however, does not accept AT) 161 W( commands, and most)160 W 7200 20231 MT (communications software packages are not written with the) 53 W( IBM 9751 CBX call-placement)54 W 7200 21626 MT (dialog in mind. How can these software packages be made to work with the new CBX?)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 25072 MT (Alternatives)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 27204 MT (To accommodate software packages that) 71 W( require the Hayes command language for dialing,)70 W 7200 28599 MT (IBM offers the 244PC. This is a special) 358 W( four-line data-equipped ROLMphone which)359 W 7200 29994 MT (contains a built-in Hayes AT command set) 199 W( interpreter. But because this is a multiline)198 W 7200 31389 MT (telephone, the expense to the user is greater than for the normal single-line) 168 W( phone with)169 W 7200 32784 MT (data.)SH 7200 35295 MT (It is also possible) 1 W( to furnish users with analog, rather than digital, telephone sets. But here)SH 7200 36690 MT (too, the cost is higher than a for a digital line, in this case because extra interface cards) 23 W( are)24 W 7200 38085 MT (required in the CBX. Analog phones could be used) 222 W( with Hayes or other direct-connect)221 W 7200 39480 MT (modems, either internal or external.) 92 W( Furthermore) 491 W( they may be necessary for devices that)93 W 7200 40875 MT (use modems, but which use nonstandard data transmission techniques) 98 W( on the digital end,)97 W 7200 42270 MT (such as Telecommunication Devices for the Deaf \050TDD's\051 that use a) 24 W( 5-bit Baudot code. And)25 W 7200 43665 MT (analog phones are also required for use with) 70 W( facsimile machines and other special-purpose)69 W 7200 45060 MT (devices that have built-in modems.)SH 7200 47571 MT (As third) 15 W( alternative, it was discovered that the ROLMphone can be used at low speeds with)16 W 7200 48966 MT (acoustically coupled modems, or acoustic adapters for direct-connect modems. But) 164 W( these)163 W 7200 50361 MT (devices cannot be used for autodialing because the CBX does) 137 W( not respond to the pulse or)138 W 7200 51756 MT (DTMF dialing tones which are generated by autodial modems, in their mimicry of) 222 W( real)221 W 7200 53151 MT (telephones. Nevertheless,) 1176 W( the growth of the digital PBX market could result) 435 W( in a)436 W 7200 54546 MT (mini-boom for acoustic couplers and adapters, catering to those who) 47 W( would rather live with)46 W 7200 55941 MT (low speeds and without autodialing than pay the monthly data service surcharge: one step)62 W 7200 57336 MT (forward, two steps back...)SH 7200 59847 MT (In a large organization like Columbia University, a great deal) 149 W( of money can be saved by)148 W 7200 61242 MT (avoiding the 244PC and the analog phone wherever possible. This) 249 W( can be done if the)250 W 7200 62637 MT (popular communication software packages) 118 W( can be adapted to the CBX's normal call setup)117 W 7200 64032 MT (procedure.)SH ES %%Page: 6 6 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30322 4286 MT (6)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 8092 MT (Dialout Mechanisms)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 10224 MT (Why should there be such a fuss over what the user must type to place a data call?) 92 W( Let's)491 W 7200 11619 MT (look at the question in more detail.)SH 7200 14130 MT (The dialing language of an autodial modem allows users to) 184 W( place calls by typing simple)183 W 7200 15525 MT (commands from a terminal or personal) 135 W( computer. But first, the cables must be correctly)136 W 7200 16920 MT (connected and the modem turned on \050blunders along these lines can happen to) 87 W( the best of)86 W 7200 18315 MT (us\051. Then) 348 W( the communications software must be set for the desired transmission speed and)22 W 7200 19710 MT (parity, and the personal computer or terminal must be sending the Data) 111 W( Terminal Ready)110 W 7200 21105 MT (\050DTR\051 signal to the modem. Then the) 142 W( software can be connected to the modem, and the)143 W 7200 22500 MT (user can type dialing commands.)SH 7200 25011 MT (The Hayes AT command language is simple) 125 W( but powerful. A typical dialog with a Hayes)124 W 7200 26406 MT (modem \050or a 244PC, which emulates the Hayes modem\051 goes something like this:)SH /Courier SF 8520 28275 MT (ATZ F1 Q0 V1 X1 S0=0)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 24360 XM (\050User types modem initialization string\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 29389 MT (OK)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 24360 XM (\050Modem responds "OK"\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 30503 MT (ATDT 9,7654321)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 24360 XM (\050User types dialing command\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 31617 MT (CONNECT 1200)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 24360 XM (\050Normal modem response\051)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 33486 MT (The user's) 77 W( commands begin with)78 W /Courier SF 24528 XM (AT)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (, the modem's command introducer. The initialization)78 W 7200 34881 MT (string puts the modem in a known state, so that the) 9 W( software can control it properly. In the)8 W 7200 36276 MT (sample shown above, the)106 W /Courier SF 20610 XM (Z)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 21682 XM (resets the modem to default settings;)106 W /Courier SF 41462 XM (F1)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 43195 XM (puts it in full-duplex)107 W 7200 37671 MT (no-echo mode;)204 W /Courier SF 15085 XM (Q0)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 16915 XM (instructs it to) 204 W( produce result codes;)203 W /Courier SF 36315 XM (V1)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 38144 XM (specifies that the result codes)203 W 7200 39066 MT (should be words \050for example, CONNECT or BUSY\051 rather than digits;)264 W /Courier SF 46505 XM (X1)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 48395 XM (selects the)264 W 7200 40461 MT (extended result code set \050for example, CONNECT 1200\051; and)146 W /Courier SF 39715 XM (S0=0)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 42806 XM (disables auto-answer.)145 W 7200 41856 MT (Once initialized, the modem replies "OK", and the user types the dialing) 109 W( command ATDT)110 W 7200 43251 MT (followed by the phone number.) 24 W( When) 353 W( the other modem answers, the user sees the message)23 W 7200 44646 MT ("CONNECT 1200".)SH 7200 47157 MT (Most software packages expect to be controlling) 39 W( a Hayes modem. The user simply supplies)40 W 7200 48552 MT (the telephone number; the) 96 W( software supplies the appropriate AT commands to the modem)95 W 7200 49947 MT (and interprets the modem's responses \050OK, CONNECT,) 114 W( BUSY, NO ANSWER, etc.\051, all of)115 W 7200 51342 MT (which is invisible to the user. Packages like Smartcom \050Hayes Microcomputer) 153 W( Products,)152 W 7200 52737 MT (Inc.\051 and) 518 W( Crosstalk \050DCA/Crosstalk) 106 W( Communications\051 are able to present the user with a)107 W 7200 54132 MT (dialing directory, from) 77 W( which the user chooses the number to be dialed. The package does)76 W 7200 55527 MT (the rest.)SH 7200 58038 MT (On the IBM 9751 CBX, call placement dialog is through) 12 W( Interactive Call Setup \050ICS\051, which)13 W 7200 59433 MT (is markedly different from the Hayes dialog:)SH 9648 61384 MT (1.)SH 10872 XM (The user selects the desired communications speed and parity \050for) 157 W( example,)156 W 10872 62580 MT (1.2 Kbit/s, even parity\051 and ensures that) 145 W( the personal computer is asserting)146 W 10872 63776 MT (the DTR signal.)SH 9648 65570 MT (2.)SH 10872 XM (The user) 525 W( transmits a carriage return so the CBX can determine the)524 W 10872 66766 MT (transmission speed.)SH 9648 68560 MT (3.)SH 10872 XM (ICS, after some delay, responds with) 107 W( "CALL, DISPLAY OR MODIFY?". The)108 W 10872 69756 MT (user should not transmit until this prompt has appeared.)SH 9648 71550 MT (4.)SH 10872 XM (The user transmits "call 976543210" \050or any desired number\051, followed by)266 W ES %%Page: 7 7 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30322 4286 MT (7)SH 11 SS 10872 7955 MT (carriage return \050the first two digits represent a request for an external line\051.)SH 9648 9749 MT (5.)SH 10872 XM (There is a delay while the) 185 W( CBX attempts to make the connection. Various)186 W 10872 10945 MT (messages may appear, such as "CALLING) 153 W( 74250", which should be ignored.)152 W 10872 12141 MT (Characters transmitted to the CBX during this period will be lost.)SH 9648 13935 MT (6.)SH 10872 XM (If the call was placed to a local) SH( host, and it was completed, the message "CALL)1 W 10872 15131 MT (COMPLETE" is issued, and the user is connected with the host. If) 122 W( the user)121 W 10872 16327 MT (was dialing out through the modem pool, the) 25 W( connection is made silently, with)26 W 10872 17523 MT (no call complete indication. If) 56 W( the connection could not be made, the message)55 W 10872 18719 MT ("CONNECTION FAILED" is issued.)SH 9648 20513 MT (7.)SH 10872 XM (Characters may now be transmitted to the host computer. In most cases a)169 W 10872 21709 MT (carriage return is required to get the host's attention.)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 25155 MT (Making the Software Connection)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 27287 MT (In general, communication software packages can provide three ways to establish a)400 W 7200 28682 MT (connection to a remote computer:)SH 9648 30633 MT (1.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 10872 XM (Direct)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (, meaning there is no dialing procedure.) 94 W( The) 496 W( user just "connects" and)95 W 10872 31829 MT (starts interacting with) 252 W( the remote computer immediately. This method is)251 W 10872 33025 MT (generally provided for use with PCs) 72 W( that are hardwired to computers with no)73 W 10872 34221 MT (intervening modems, but it allows the user to get at the dialing language) 58 W( of a)57 W 10872 35417 MT (modem \050or data switch\051 that the package doesn't support.)SH 9648 37311 MT (2.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 10872 XM (Dialup)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (, usually configured for Hayes and/or) 193 W( other types of modems, where)194 W 10872 38507 MT (the user can configure) 256 W( the package to dial new kinds of modems \050or data)255 W 10872 39703 MT (switches\051 not explicitly) 119 W( supported by the program. Since no known software)120 W 10872 40899 MT (package has) 166 W( built-in dial support for ICS, the dial feature can only be used)165 W 10872 42095 MT (with ICS if the user can tailor the dialing mechansism.)SH 10872 43989 MT (The dial feature) 283 W( is important because it is often associated with a phone)284 W 10872 45185 MT (directory, in which each entry) 132 W( contains not only the phone number, but also)131 W 10872 46381 MT (the associated communications settings.)SH 9648 48275 MT (3.)SH 10872 XM (A)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 12010 XM (script)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (, in which the user writes a program in) 38 W( the package's script language)39 W 10872 49471 MT (to interact with a remote computer or other device) 25 W( either directly or through a)24 W 10872 50667 MT (modem. The) 1076 W( script generates what the user would type,) 385 W( and reacts to)386 W 10872 51863 MT (responses the same way the user would.)SH 10872 53757 MT (Scripts are important) 199 W( for two reasons. The first is convenience, since they)198 W 10872 54953 MT (allow routine, repetitive interactions to be done by the computer) 104 W( rather than)105 W 10872 56149 MT (the human. "Pushbutton" applications can be set up for) 221 W( administrative or)220 W 10872 57345 MT (data entry personnel to minimize training and headaches.) 23 W( The) 353 W( second reason,)24 W 10872 58541 MT (perhaps more important,) 222 W( is that scripts allow unattended operations. One)221 W 10872 59737 MT (computer can call up another when everyone is asleep and phone rates are) 9 W( low)10 W 10872 60933 MT (to transfer files or exchange mail. Networks like USENET and) 59 W( FIDO depend)58 W 10872 62129 MT (on this kind of unattended operation.)SH 7200 64640 MT (The communications software packages used at Columbia were checked for their ability) 76 W( to)77 W 7200 66035 MT (handle each of these methods. Several packages are discussed) 172 W( in detail but many more)171 W 7200 67430 MT (were evaluated \050Table 1\051. If the package allows direct connection, then it) 22 W( may be used with)23 W 7200 68825 MT (the CBX. If the package includes a dial) 20 W( feature, then this was tested for adaptability to the)19 W 7200 70220 MT (CBX. Finally,) 380 W( if the package) 37 W( has a script language, scripts were written to place calls from)38 W 7200 71615 MT (the CBX) 62 W( through ICS. Note that scripts and certain dial commands depend on receiving a)61 W ES %%Page: 8 8 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30322 4286 MT (8)SH 11 SS 7200 7955 MT (call completion) 21 W( indication from the "modem". Because the IBM 9751 CBX provides a CALL)22 W 7200 9350 MT (COMPLETE message when calling a) 263 W( local host, but not when dialing out through the)262 W 7200 10745 MT (modem pool, different methods must be used in each case.)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 14191 MT (MS-DOS KERMIT 2.31)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 16323 MT (Kermit is a file transfer protocol developed at Columbia University,) 21 W( so packages based on it)22 W 7200 17718 MT (are popular on campus. All Kermit programs support direct \050no-modem\051 connections) 120 W( and)119 W 7200 19113 MT (thus work with the) 257 W( CBX. Many commercial communications packages incorporate the)258 W 7200 20508 MT (Kermit protocol, but this is no guarantee that they can be adapted to the CBX \050although)131 W 7200 21903 MT (most of them can\051. The MS-DOS version of Kermit) 20 W( for the IBM PC and compatibles is used)21 W 7200 23298 MT (not only for file transfer but also for VT102 and Tektronix terminal emulation in) 50 W( hundreds)49 W 7200 24693 MT (of locations throughout the university.)SH 7200 27204 MT (Like all Kermit implementations, MS-DOS Kermit is easy to install and run.) 106 W( No) 520 W( lengthy)107 W 7200 28599 MT (configuration dialog is required. The user simply) 152 W( starts the program, sets the minimum)151 W 7200 29994 MT (parameters necessary for communications \050usually just speed and parity\051, and) 165 W( then uses)166 W 7200 31389 MT (the CONNECT command to begin terminal emulation. This allows immediate) 36 W( communica-)35 W 7200 32784 MT (tion with whatever is connected to the PC's serial port: the PACX, a modem, or) 387 W( a)388 W 7200 34179 MT (ROLMphone \050Fig. 5\051.)SH 46800 50 7200 36330 UL /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 8520 39436 MT (\050What the user types is underlined; a terminating carriage return is implied\051.)SH /Courier SF 8520 41664 MT (A>kermit)SH 3960 50 9840 41864 UL 8520 42778 MT (IBM-PC Kermit-MS Version 2.31)SH 8520 43892 MT (Type ? or HELP for help)SH 8520 46120 MT (Kermit-MS>set speed 2400)SH 9240 50 15120 46320 UL 8520 47234 MT (Kermit-MS>connect)SH 4620 50 15120 47434 UL /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 10500 49233 MT (\050User types a carriage return here\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 51245 MT (CALL, DISPLAY OR MODIFY?)SH 8520 52359 MT (call 976543210)SH 9240 50 8520 52559 UL /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 10500 54358 MT (\050User waits for a beep from the phone, then types carriage return.\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 56370 MT (login:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 16786 58239 MT (Figure 5:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 22503 XM (MS-DOS Kermit Direct Connection to CBX)SH 46800 50 7200 60191 UL 7200 62502 MT (In addition, MS-DOS) 124 W( Kermit allows scripts to be written to automate any procedure that)123 W 7200 63897 MT (the user would do manually. For example, the script shown in Figure 6 could be) 117 W( used to)118 W 7200 65292 MT (call the number 6543210 through the CBX and begin the login process on) 266 W( the remote)265 W 7200 66687 MT (computer. This) 340 W( script may be) 17 W( created using any text editor and saved in a file. The Kermit)18 W 7200 68082 MT (program can be instructed) 410 W( to execute the script file by using the TAKE command,)409 W 7200 69477 MT (specifying the file's name. The) 288 W( file can contain any valid Kermit commands, but the)289 W 7200 70872 MT (INPUT, OUTPUT, and PAUSE commands are special for scripts because) 217 W( they simulate)216 W ES %%Page: 9 9 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30322 4286 MT (9)SH 46800 50 7200 8155 UL 11 /Courier AF 8520 11192 MT (set input timeout quit) SH( ;) 1980 W( Quit if desired input doesn't appear)SH 8520 12306 MT (set speed 1200) SH( ;) 7260 W( Set desired speed)SH 8520 13420 MT (output \13413) SH( ;) 9900 W( Carriage return \050ASCII 13\051 wakes up ICS)SH 8520 14534 MT (input 10 MODIFY?) SH( ;) 5940 W( Wait up to 10 seconds for ICS prompt)SH 8520 15648 MT (pause 1) SH( ;) 11880 W( Wait one second before replying)SH 8520 16762 MT (output call 976543210\13413 ; Call the phone number \05097 dials outside\051)SH 8520 17876 MT (pause 20) SH( ;) 11220 W( Wait 20 seconds for completion)SH 8520 18990 MT (output \13413) SH( ;) 9900 W( Send a carriage return to the host)SH 8520 20104 MT (input 20 login:) SH( ;) 6600 W( Wait for "login:" prompt)SH 8520 21218 MT (connect ;) 11880 W( Let the user take over)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 14134 23087 MT (Figure 6:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 19851 XM (MS-DOS Kermit Script for Dialing Out from the CBX)SH 46800 50 7200 25039 UL 7200 26790 MT (what the user would do during terminal emulation. OUTPUT sends the characters) 2 W( that the)3 W 7200 28185 MT (user would type, and INPUT) 379 W( reads the characters that are received from the other)378 W 7200 29580 MT (computer, looking for the specified character sequence. The) 419 W( command SET INPUT)420 W 7200 30975 MT (TIMEOUT QUIT tells) 301 W( Kermit that if the requested input does not appear within the)300 W 7200 32370 MT (specified time interval, then the script should not be continued. These commands do) 62 W( what)63 W 7200 33765 MT (the user would do, so they perform a kind of "human emulation".)SH 7200 36276 MT (When a call is made to a local computer attached as a host to the CBX, a) 387 W( CALL)386 W 7200 37671 MT (COMPLETE message is issued. The annoying) 64 W( twenty-second pause required in the dialup)65 W 7200 39066 MT (case is eliminated so that the script can proceed immediately upon receipt) 99 W( of the message)98 W 7200 40461 MT (\050Fig. 7\051. A single script could be used in both cases, provided) 178 W( Kermit was instructed to)179 W 46800 50 7200 42612 UL /Courier SF 8520 45649 MT (output call myhost\13413) SH( ;) 2640 W( Call the computer named is "myhost")SH 8520 46763 MT (input 20 CALL COMPLETE) SH( ;) 1980 W( Wait up to 20 seconds for completion)SH 8520 47877 MT (output \13413) SH( ;) 9900 W( Send a carriage return to the host)SH 8520 48991 MT (input 20 login:) SH( ;) 6600 W( Wait for "login:" prompt)SH 8520 50105 MT (connect ;) 11880 W( Let the user take over)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 17357 51974 MT (Figure 7:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 23074 XM (Taking Advantage of CALL COMPLETE)SH 46800 50 7200 53926 UL 7200 55677 MT (allow for immediate response when) 394 W( the CALL COMPLETE message appears, and a)393 W 7200 57072 MT (mandatory pause when it does not \050Fig. 8\051.) 96 W( In) 500 W( this case, SET INPUT TIMEOUT QUIT is)97 W 7200 58467 MT (replaced with SET INPUT TIMEOUT PROCEED to tell Kermit not to give up if the)298 W 7200 59862 MT (expected output did not appear.)SH 7200 62373 MT (Kermit scripts) 34 W( illustrate the general characteristics of a script language: the ability to send)35 W 7200 63768 MT (characters to a remote device, to receive characters and compare them) 5 W( with a given pattern,)4 W 7200 65163 MT (to set time limits on selected) 80 W( operations, to pause for specified intervals, and to quit when)81 W 7200 66558 MT (the script is obviously not working.) 110 W( Scripts) 524 W( also include some kind of notation for special)109 W 7200 67953 MT (characters that could not be included otherwise,) 117 W( such as Kermit's)118 W /Courier SF 41865 XM (\13413)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 44269 XM (for carriage return)118 W 7200 69348 MT (\05013 is the ASCII value for that character\051.)SH 7200 71859 MT (This has been a simple example of a script, but it's not very useful as it stands because) 91 W( it)90 W ES %%Page: 10 10 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (10)SH 46800 50 7200 8155 UL 11 /Courier AF 8520 11192 MT (set input timeout proceed ; Ignore timeouts, keep going.)SH 8520 12306 MT (input 20 CALL COMPLETE) SH( ;) 1980 W( Wait up to 20 seconds for completion)SH 8520 13420 MT (output \13413) SH( ;) 9900 W( Send a carriage return to the host)SH 8520 14534 MT (set input timeout quit) SH( ;) 1980 W( From now on, quit script upon timeout)SH 8520 15648 MT (input 20 login:) SH( ;) 6600 W( Wait for "login:" prompt)SH 8520 16762 MT (connect ;) 11880 W( Let the user take over)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 16669 18631 MT (Figure 8:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 22386 XM (Allowing for Local and Dialout Connections)SH 46800 50 7200 20583 UL 7200 22334 MT (can be) 67 W( used only to dial a particular phone number. It would be much more convenient to)68 W 7200 23729 MT (be able) 123 W( to define a command, "dial," that would perform this procedure for any telephone)122 W 7200 25124 MT (number, and some script) 15 W( languages allow this. For example, Figure 9 shows how this could)16 W 7200 26519 MT (be done in MS-DOS Kermit. Here the new command "dial" is defined to) 159 W( execute all the)158 W 46800 50 7200 28670 UL /Courier SF 8520 31707 MT (define dial set inp tim q,set sp 1200,out \13413,in 10 MODIFY?,-)SH 9840 32821 MT (pau 1,out call \134%1\13413,pau 20,out \13413,in 20 login:,connect)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 19036 34690 MT (Figure 9:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 24753 XM (Defining a New Kermit Command)SH 46800 50 7200 36642 UL 7200 38393 MT (commands from the) 572 W( previous example \050note how Kermit allows commands to be)573 W 7200 39788 MT (abbreviated\051, but with the desired phone number) 252 W( substituted for the formal parameter)251 W 7200 41183 MT (")SH /Courier SF (\134%1)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (" at the time the) 150 W( command is executed, a) 151 W( la) SH( MS-DOS batch. With this definition in)151 W 7200 42578 MT (place, the Kermit user could type "dial 975551212" or) 148 W( "dial 34321" \050a local extension\051, or)147 W 7200 43973 MT (any other number. For even greater brevity, the) 42 W( user could define shorthand commands to)43 W 7200 45368 MT (dial frequently used numbers:)SH /Courier SF 8520 47168 MT (define d1 dial 975551212)SH 8520 48282 MT (define d2 dial 54321)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 50151 MT (Kermit, like) 185 W( many other packages, will automatically execute any commands found in a)184 W 7200 51546 MT (special "initialization file" upon startup. This is a good place) 141 W( to keep definitions such as)142 W 7200 52941 MT (these, so that they will always be in effect every time you run the program.)SH 7200 55452 MT (Scripts can) 5 W( also have features for decision making: For example, the Kermit script shown in)4 W 7200 56847 MT (Figure 10 will work) 83 W( with either a Hayes modem or the IBM 9751 CBX. This script works)84 W 7200 58242 MT (by issuing a Hayes command and looking for the OK response.) 21 W( If) 346 W( the OK response does not)20 W 7200 59637 MT (appear, then the) 180 W( script issues an ICS command instead. For Hayes modems, the script)181 W 7200 61032 MT (dials the number, and then looks for the) 181 W( Hayes CONNECT response. The full message)180 W 7200 62427 MT (should be CONNECT 1200 or) 11 W( CONNECT 2400. Even though the dialup speed is 2.4 Kbit/s,)12 W 7200 63822 MT (the modem on the other end may have answered at 1200, in which case the Hayes) 183 W( will)182 W 7200 65217 MT (automatically fall) 111 W( back to that speed, and inform the software in its CONNECT message.)112 W 7200 66612 MT (The "reinput" commands examine the previous material to see if it contained) 132 W( a "1200" or)131 W 7200 68007 MT ("2400", allowing Kermit to change its speed accordingly. With some extra work,) 43 W( this script)44 W 7200 69402 MT (could be reworked into a) 18 W( dial command similar to the one shown previously, so that it could)17 W 7200 70797 MT (be used for dialing any desired number.)SH ES %%Page: 11 11 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (11)SH 46800 50 7200 8155 UL 11 /Courier AF 8520 9755 MT (; A Kermit script that tries different dialing methods.)SH 8520 10869 MT (; First, define a command to handle dialing failure:)SH 8520 11983 MT (define giveup echo Dialing failed, hangup, stop)SH 8520 13097 MT (; Now the script itself...)SH 8520 14211 MT (set speed 2400) SH( ;) 11220 W( Set desired speed.)SH 8520 15325 MT (:HAYES ;) 16500 W( Let's see if it is a Hayes modem.)SH 8520 16439 MT (output ATZ F1 Q0 V1 X1 S0=0\13413 ; Initialize modem at this speed.)SH 8520 17553 MT (input 10 OK) SH( ;) 13200 W( Look for Hayes response.)SH 8520 18667 MT (if failure goto cbx) SH( ;) 7920 W( Not found, go try CBX dialing.)SH 8520 19781 MT (echo Hayes dialing...) SH( ;) 6600 W( It's Hayes, tell the user.)SH 8520 20895 MT (output ATDT 97,555-1212\13413) SH( ;) 3300 W( Dial the number and .)SH 8520 22009 MT (input 30 CONNECT) SH( ;) 9900 W( Look for modem's confirmation.)SH 8520 23123 MT (if failure giveup) SH( ;) 9240 W( Give up after waiting 30 seconds.)SH 8520 24237 MT (reinput 3 2400) SH( ;) 11220 W( Was the message CONNECT 2400?)SH 8520 25351 MT (if success goto good) SH( ;) 7260 W( If so, we're ready to go.)SH 8520 26465 MT (reinput 2 1200) SH( ;) 11220 W( No, how about 1200?)SH 8520 27579 MT (if failure giveup) SH( ;) 9240 W( Neither, so quit.)SH 8520 28693 MT (set speed 1200) SH( ;) 11220 W( It was 1200, so adjust speed.)SH 8520 29807 MT (goto good) SH( ;) 14520 W( Go issue message and connect.)SH 8520 30921 MT (:CBX ;) 17820 W( Not a Hayes, so try CBX dialog.)SH 8520 32035 MT (reinput 10 MODIFY?) SH( ;) 8580 W( Look for CBX prompt.)SH 8520 33149 MT (if failure giveup) SH( ;) 9240 W( If not found, give up.)SH 8520 34263 MT (echo CBX dialing...) SH( ;) 7920 W( It's the CBX, tell the user.)SH 8520 35377 MT (output call 975551212\13413) SH( ;) 4620 W( Dial the number.)SH 8520 36491 MT (pause 20) SH( ;) 15180 W( Wait for call to complete.)SH 8520 37605 MT (:GOOD ;) 17160 W( We got through, somehow.)SH 8520 38719 MT (echo Connected!) SH( ;) 10560 W( Display a message.)SH 8520 39833 MT (connect ;) 15840 W( Start terminal emulation.)SH 8520 40947 MT (hangup ;) 16500 W( When done, drop DTR to hang up.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 11230 42816 MT (Figure 10:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 17456 XM (A Kermit Script That Works With Both Hayes and CBX Dialing)SH 46800 50 7200 44768 UL 7200 47079 MT (Finally, a script can contain looping constructs.) 106 W( For) 519 W( instance, if we wanted Kermit to try)107 W 7200 48474 MT (dialing three) 124 W( times before giving up, we could write a script program containing the SET)123 W 7200 49869 MT (COUNT and IF COUNT statements \050Fig. 11\051.)SH 7200 52380 MT (The basic principles of manual) 92 W( connection and of script construction illustrated by Kermit)93 W 7200 53775 MT (apply also to many other) 262 W( popular communications packages, though the form and and)261 W 7200 55170 MT (range of options available can vary dramatically.)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 58616 MT (PROCOMM 2.2)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 60748 MT (ProComm 2.2 is a) 226 W( popular "shareware" communications package from DataStorm Tech-)227 W 7200 62143 MT (nologies \050Columbia, MD\051. Like Kermit, it does not require a lengthy) 280 W( configuration or)279 W 7200 63538 MT (installation procedure. After starting the program, you may begin terminal communica-)168 W 7200 64933 MT (tions immediately, assuming the speed and parity are) 192 W( set appropriately. The command)191 W 7200 66328 MT (Alt-F10 displays a) 478 W( help screen, and Alt-P allows the alteration of communications)479 W 7200 67723 MT (parameters and with the option to save them in a file so that ProComm) 63 W( starts up with the)62 W 7200 69118 MT (desired settings thereafter.)SH 7200 71629 MT (ProComm is) 57 W( perfectly suitable for "manual" use with the IBM switch. It is also possible to)58 W ES %%Page: 12 12 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (12)SH 46800 50 7200 8155 UL 11 /Courier AF 8520 11192 MT (set count 3) SH( ;) 13200 W( Loop limit.)SH 8520 12306 MT (goto first) SH( ;) 13860 W( Skip pause on first try.)SH 8520 13420 MT (:AGAIN ;) 16500 W( Label for top of loop.)SH 8520 14534 MT (echo Trying again...) SH( ;) 7260 W( Tell the user what's happening.)SH 8520 15648 MT (pause 30) SH( ;) 15180 W( Pause for 30 secs between calls.)SH 8520 16762 MT (:FIRST ;) 16500 W( Label for first try.)SH 8520 17876 MT (dial 977654321) SH( ;) 11220 W( Try dialing.)SH 8520 18990 MT (if success goto online) SH( ;) 5940 W( If it worked, let user take over.)SH 8520 20104 MT (if count goto again) SH( ;) 7920 W( Otherwise try again.)SH 8520 21218 MT (echo Try again later.) SH( ;) 6600 W( If too many tries, give message,)SH 8520 22332 MT (stop ;) 17820 W( and stop.)SH 8520 23446 MT (:ONLINE ;) 15840 W( Get here on successful connection.)SH 8520 24560 MT (echo Connected!) SH( ;) 10560 W( Let user know.)SH 8520 25674 MT (connect ;) 15840 W( Begin terminal emulation.)SH 8520 26788 MT (hangup ;) 16500 W( Hang up when the user returns.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 20515 28657 MT (Figure 11:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 26619 XM (A Script That Keeps Trying)SH 46800 50 7200 30609 UL 7200 32360 MT (configure ProComm for automatic dialing through the switch, using either its built-in) 2 W( dialer)1 W 7200 33755 MT (support or its script language.)SH 7200 36266 MT (To set up automatic dialing,) 284 W( type Alt-S, select \0501\051 MODEM SETUP, and then set the)285 W 7200 37661 MT (following:)SH 9648 39612 MT (1.)SH 10872 XM (Modem initialization string: Just make it null \050empty\051.)SH 9648 41506 MT (2.)SH 10872 XM (Dialing command: ")122 W /Courier SF (!~~~~~~~~~~call)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 31830 XM (" \050note the blank after ")122 W /Courier SF (call)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF ("\051. The)548 W 10872 42702 MT (exclamation ")217 W /Courier SF (!)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (" is ProComm's notation for a) 217 W( carriage return \050CR\051, and the)218 W 10872 43898 MT (tilde ")45 W /Courier SF (~)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (" is used by ProComm to) 45 W( represent a 1/2 second pause. This command)44 W 10872 45094 MT (sends the required CR, pauses 5 seconds, and then gives the CALL command.)SH 9648 46988 MT (3.)SH 10872 XM (Connect string: ")SH /Courier SF (CALL COMPLETE)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (" \050only used for redialing\051)SH 7200 48939 MT (For dialing out from) 12 W( the CBX, omit the connect string to disable redialing since there would)13 W 7200 50334 MT (be no connect string in that) 203 W( case. This highlights the most basic difficulty in adapting)202 W 7200 51729 MT (software to the new environment. The switch does not) 110 W( inform the software in any way --)111 W 7200 53124 MT (not by message, not by modem signal transition -- when the connection has) 183 W( been made.)182 W 7200 54519 MT (This fact, combined with the switch's) 123 W( built-in queuing for busy resources, renders useless)124 W 7200 55914 MT (the redial feature found in so many communications programs.)SH 7200 58425 MT (Having defined a dialing command for the CBX, now) 7 W( type Alt-D and add the relevant phone)6 W 7200 59820 MT (number to the dialing directory. Then to dial a) 1 W( host, type Alt-D and select the number of its)2 W 7200 61215 MT (directory entry. Once these commands) 175 W( are debugged, the configuration can be saved by)174 W 7200 62610 MT (answering Yes to the question in the menu.)SH 7200 65121 MT (Dialing is not reliable, however -- it just forges ahead without checking that valid responses)12 W 7200 66516 MT (are coming from the CBX. If the CBX is slow in responding to the initial CR, the CALL)131 W 7200 67911 MT (command will be issued prematurely and ignored by the CBX.) 1 W( Figure) 310 W( 12 shows a ProComm)2 W 7200 69306 MT (script that can be used to synchronize the call.)SH 7200 71817 MT (The script file can be created with an editor and saved with a filetype of)5 W /Courier SF 44056 XM (.CMD)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (, and executed)4 W ES %%Page: 13 13 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (13)SH 46800 50 7200 8155 UL 11 /Courier AF 8520 11261 MT (%E1)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 28320 XM (\050Emulate a VT100\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 12375 MT (%F"3")SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 28320 XM (\0502400 bps, even parity\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 13489 MT (%U2)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 28320 XM (\050display carriage return as-is\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 14603 MT (%U4)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 28320 XM (\050full duplex\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 15717 MT (%T"^M")SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 28320 XM (\050send a carriage return\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 16831 MT (%I"CALL, DISPLAY OR MODIFY?")SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 28320 XM (\050wait for prompt\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 17945 MT (%T"call 976543210^M")SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 28320 XM (\050issue CALL command, followed by CR\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 19059 MT (%T"~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^M")SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 28320 XM (\050pause, then send carriage return\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 20173 MT (%I"login:")SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 28320 XM (\050wait for the host's "login:" prompt\051)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 17103 22042 MT (Figure 12:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 23329 XM (A ProComm Script for Use with the CBX)SH 46800 50 7200 23994 UL 7200 25745 MT (using Alt-F5. Unlike a Kermit script file, the ProComm script may not include comments.)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 29191 MT (CROSSTALK XVI VERSION 3.61)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 31323 MT (Crosstalk XVI is a popular commercial communication package for the IBM PC family. It is)SH 7200 32718 MT (designed primarily to be used with modems, but it also allows direct connections.)SH 7200 35229 MT (To use Crosstalk in direct mode to dial out through the CBX,) 224 W( type "xtalk" to start the)223 W 7200 36624 MT (program, and then, after) 7 W( the logo screen disappears and the status screen appears, type one)8 W 7200 38019 MT (or two carriage returns until you get the "Command?" prompt on the) 67 W( bottom line. At this)66 W 7200 39414 MT (point, use any of the two-letter) 156 W( commands listed on the top part of the screen to set the)157 W 7200 40809 MT (necessary communications parameters. For example, when connecting to) 251 W( a DEC VAX,)250 W 7200 42204 MT (type:)SH /Courier SF 8520 44073 MT (SP 1200)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 15120 XM (\050Speed 1200 bps\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 45187 MT (PA E)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 15120 XM (\050Parity even\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 46301 MT (DA 7)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 15120 XM (\050Seven data bits\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 47415 MT (DU F)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 15120 XM (\050Duplex Full\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 48529 MT (EM VT)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 15120 XM (\050Emulate a VT100 terminal\051)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 50398 MT (Then establish the connection as follows:)SH /Courier SF 8520 52267 MT (GO LOCAL)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 26340 XM (\050Make the connection\051)SH 5280 50 8520 52467 UL 26340 53381 MT (\050Type a carriage return\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 54495 MT (CALL, DISPLAY OR MODIFY?)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 26340 XM (\050Get CBX prompt\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 55609 MT (call 976543210)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 26340 XM (\050Type the call command\051)SH 9240 50 8520 55809 UL 26340 56723 MT (\050Type a carriage return\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 57837 MT (login:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 26340 XM (\050Here's the VAX's login prompt\051)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 59706 MT (You can get back to Crosstalk by typing) 82 W( its attention character, normally Escape, and you)83 W 7200 61101 MT (can redefine the attention character with the AT) 313 W( command. Once you have got this)312 W 7200 62496 MT (procedure working, you can use the) 151 W( SA \050save\051 command to save it in a file \050for example,)152 W 7200 63891 MT (MYHOST, which is automatically) 70 W( created with the filetype)69 W /Courier SF 37954 XM (.XTK)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (\051 and it will appear in the)69 W 7200 65286 MT (startup menu, or you can run it at any time using the Crosstalk LOAD command.)SH 7200 67797 MT (Crosstalk also lets you set up command files for dialing different computers.) 106 W( A) 519 W( Crosstalk)107 W 7200 69192 MT (command file) 44 W( is most easily created by editing a previously saved)43 W /Courier SF 41149 XM (.XTK)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 44138 XM (file. The) 392 W( trick is to)43 W 7200 70587 MT (replace the) 517 W( Hayes AT dialing commands with the switch's equivalents. Relevant)518 W 7200 71982 MT (commands are:)SH ES %%Page: 14 14 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (14)SH 11 /Courier AF 8520 7955 MT (Aprefix)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 27660 XM (\050Remove the "Answer prefix"\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 9069 MT (NUmber 976543210)1320 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 27660 XM (\050"number" to dial for MYHOST\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 10183 MT (DPrefix |~~~~~~~~~~call)660 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 27660 XM (\050dial prefix: send CR, pause, then "call "\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 11297 MT (DSuffix |)660 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 27660 XM (\050dial suffix: carriage return\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 12411 MT (GO)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 27660 XM (\050dial the number\051)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 14280 MT (The vertical bar) 7 W( ")6 W /Courier SF (|)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (" is Crosstalk's symbol for carriage return, and each tilde means to pause)6 W 7200 15675 MT (for one second.) 248 W( Note) 804 W( that the dial prefix must have a space after the word "call". A)249 W 7200 17070 MT (Crosstalk command file is similar) 17 W( to a ProComm dial entry and has the same drawback -- if)16 W 7200 18465 MT (the hard-coded pause interval is not) 198 W( long enough, then the "call" command will be sent)199 W 7200 19860 MT (before the CBX is ready for it.) 185 W( To) 674 W( circumvent this difficulty, you can write a Crosstalk)184 W 7200 21255 MT (script to synchronize and) 17 W( verify the call setup procedure \050Fig. 13\051. The easiest way to make)18 W 46800 50 7200 23406 UL /Courier SF 8520 26512 MT (go local)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 30300 XM (\050connect directly to ICS\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 27626 MT (wait delay 10)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 30300 XM (\050wait one second\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 28740 MT (reply |)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 30300 XM (\050send a carriage return\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 29854 MT (wait string "MODIFY?")SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 30300 XM (\050wait for prompt\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 30968 MT (reply call 976543210|)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 30300 XM (\050dial the number\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 32082 MT (wait delay 200)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 30300 XM (\050pause 20 seconds\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 33196 MT (reply |)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 30300 XM (\050send a carriage return to UNIX\051)SH /Courier SF 8520 34310 MT (wait string "login:")SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 30300 XM (\050wait for UNIX "login:" prompt\051)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 21638 36179 MT (Figure 13:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 27864 XM (A Crosstalk XVI Script)SH 46800 50 7200 38131 UL 7200 39882 MT (a Crosstalk script file is to copy a command) 47 W( file to another file with filetype)46 W /Courier SF 46415 XM (.XTS)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 49407 XM (and then)46 W 7200 41277 MT (use an editor to replace the) 34 W( GO command with script commands. A script may be executed)35 W 7200 42672 MT (at any time using the Crosstalk DO command.)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 46118 MT (SMARTCOM II VERSION 2.2)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 48250 MT (Smartcom is a Hayes product for the) 50 W( IBM PC family designed for use with Hayes modems.)49 W 7200 49645 MT (Fortunately, it also allows) 102 W( for direct connections, which are the "back door" into the CBX.)103 W 7200 51040 MT (You cannot do automatic dialing of the CBX with Smartcom) 213 W( \050except through a 244PC\051,)212 W 7200 52435 MT (because the only dialing devices it supports are those made by Hayes.)SH 7200 54946 MT (Smartcom II searches for a Hayes modem connected to one of the ports, but since your PC)72 W 7200 56341 MT (is now connected) 308 W( to a ROLMphone, the program eventually gives up with a message)307 W 7200 57736 MT ("Smartmodem not responding". At that point, you can get into the main menu by pressing)51 W 7200 59131 MT (the F1 key. Configuration is a rather involved) 47 W( affair: choose "2" from the main menu \050Edit)46 W 7200 60526 MT (Set\051, then choose one of the predefined Setups \050Set\051, then F1 back to the) 86 W( "Edit Set" menu,)87 W 7200 61921 MT (then choose "Parameters", and then specify that the connection type) 311 W( is DIRECT, and)310 W 7200 63316 MT (modify the speed, parity, and other communications parameters as) 117 W( required. Then select)118 W 7200 64711 MT ("begin communication". At this point, you may type carriage return to get) 215 W( the "CALL,)214 W 7200 66106 MT (DISPLAY OR MODIFY?" prompt, and type the desired "call" command.)SH 7200 68617 MT (The ICS dialog may be) 2 W( automated by the use of a "macro." To define a macro you must visit)3 W 7200 70012 MT (the menus again: from the main menu select 2 \050Edit Set\051, then) 169 W( from the Edit Set menu)168 W 7200 71407 MT (choose S \050which Set to) 102 W( edit\051, and then choose the unused set X. Then select M to define a)103 W ES %%Page: 15 15 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (15)SH 11 SS 7200 7955 MT (macro and then Z to assign it the) 176 W( label Z \050automatic logon\051. At this point Smartcom II)175 W 7200 9350 MT (presents you with a) 105 W( table, which you fill in \050Fig. 14\051. The columns read across, Wait this)106 W 46800 50 7200 11501 UL /Courier SF 8520 14538 MT (MACRO DEFINITION) SH( Press) 19800 W( F2 For Help)SH 8520 16766 MT (Name Of Macro: Z - Automatic Logon) SH( Set) 9900 W( X - Unused)SH 8520 17880 MT (Time-out Prompt) 2640 W( Data) 3960 W( Send) 17160 W( CR)SH 42240 50 8520 18080 UL 11160 18994 MT (0 0) 4620 W( \050off\051) SH( YES)25080 W 10500 20108 MT (20 63) 3960 W( \050"?"\051) SH( call) 3300 W( myhost) SH( YES)13860 W 10500 21222 MT (20 69) 3960 W( \050"E"\051) SH( NO)25080 W 11160 22336 MT (2 69) 3960 W( \050"E"\051) SH( YES)25080 W 10500 23450 MT (10 58) 3960 W( \050":"\051) SH( NO)25080 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 21833 25319 MT (Figure 14:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 28059 XM (A SmartCom II Macro)SH 46800 50 7200 27271 UL 7200 29022 MT (long \050Time-out\051 to get this) 219 W( character \050Prompt\051 from the remote system, and then if the)218 W 7200 30417 MT (desired character arrives) 217 W( or if the time limit expires, send this character string \050Data\051,)218 W 7200 31812 MT (followed by a carriage return if \050Send CR\051 is YES. In the example, the first line waits) 98 W( no)97 W 7200 33207 MT (time for nothing, then sends nothing followed by) 73 W( a carriage return. Then Smartcom waits)74 W 7200 34602 MT (up to 20 seconds for) 209 W( the question mark from the CBX's)208 W /Courier SF 37536 XM (CALL, DISPLAY OR MODIFY?)208 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 35997 MT (prompt. Prompts) 614 W( can be single characters only, and are) 154 W( indicated by the decimal ASCII)155 W 7200 37392 MT (value. When) 780 W( the prompt arrives \050or the) 237 W( timer goes off\051 Smartcom sends the text "call)236 W 7200 38787 MT (myhost" followed by a carriage return.)SH 7200 41298 MT (In this example, we are showing a call to a local host rather than) 13 W( a dialout call, to illustrate)14 W 7200 42693 MT (an item of) 16 W( interest. We want to wait for the "CALL COMPLETE" message before sending a)15 W 7200 44088 MT (carriage return to the host to get its "login:" prompt.) 88 W( But) 483 W( Smartcom II macros only let us)89 W 7200 45483 MT (look for single characters, not words or phrases. And the phrase "CALL) 68 W( COMPLETE" has)67 W 7200 46878 MT (two E's in it. So the script waits up to 20 seconds for the first E) 153 W( \050allowing time for call)154 W 7200 48273 MT (placement\051 and sends nothing. Then it waits 2) 50 W( seconds for E number two, responds with a)49 W 7200 49668 MT (carriage return, then waits 10 more seconds for the colon ")SH /Courier SF (:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (" from the ")SH /Courier SF (login:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (" prompt.)SH 7200 52179 MT (For dialing) 107 W( out, the switch does not give us the CALL COMPLETE indication, so the last)108 W 7200 53574 MT (three lines of) 117 W( the table would be omitted, and "myhost" would be replaced by a telephone)116 W 7200 54969 MT (number.)SH 7200 57480 MT (Once the table) 106 W( is filled in correctly and tested, it can be saved by typing ESC and then R)107 W 7200 58875 MT (\050Record\051; it will appear on the Set X macro menu the next time you run Smartcom II.)SH 7200 61386 MT (Smartcom II is not the) 207 W( only package that restricts input matching to single characters.)206 W 7200 62781 MT (VTERM III,) 260 W( from Coefficient Systems \050New York City\051, works the same way. In that)261 W 7200 64176 MT (package, scripts are assigned to function keys, which the user has to press, e.g.)SH /Courier SF 8520 65976 MT (Shift F1: call 976543210)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 67845 MT (Which means) 5 W( send a CR, Wait for a question mark \050the one in "MODIFY?"\051, pause 1 second,)4 W 7200 69240 MT (send the call command and a carriage return, and then Pause for 10 seconds.)SH ES %%Page: 16 16 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (16)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 8092 MT (SMARTCOM III VERSION 1.0A)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 10224 MT (Like Smartcom II, Smartcom III can be used) 428 W( with either Hayes modems or direct)429 W 7200 11619 MT (connections. Before) 470 W( you can communicate, you have to go) 82 W( through a configuration process)81 W 7200 13014 MT (that is not entirely intuitive. First, you must define) 2 W( an "Activity")3 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 40718 XM (and)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 43004 XM (a "Connection." Each)3 W 7200 14409 MT (has a menu and several submenus that must be traversed. For) 45 W( each, choose New to create)44 W 7200 15804 MT (a new entry, and give it a name,) 73 W( go through the menus and make the appropriate choices,)74 W 7200 17199 MT (and then press F8 to save it.)SH 7200 19710 MT (An Activity contains information that applies to the host or) 161 W( service you're connecting to:)160 W 7200 21105 MT (what kind of terminal to emulate,) 40 W( what the terminal settings should be, which file transfer)41 W 7200 22500 MT (protocol to use, how to set) 3 W( up your keyboard, etc. For example, you might create an Activity)2 W 7200 23895 MT (called VAX, in which you emulate a VT-102) 156 W( terminal in full duplex, and use the Kermit)157 W 7200 25290 MT (protocol for) 111 W( file transfer. A Connection contains the data communication parameters: the)110 W 7200 26685 MT (communication port, speed, parity, data bits, etc. The key item) 36 W( here is Type of Connection:)37 W 7200 28080 MT (you must specify Direct. For) 133 W( example, you might create a Connection called CBX, which)132 W 7200 29475 MT (specifies Direct, COM1, 2400 bps, even parity, 7 data bits.)SH 7200 31986 MT (Having created an Activity and a Connection, you can) 71 W( return to the main menu and select)72 W 7200 33381 MT (Initiate a Session. Smartcom) 306 W( will give you menus of all the available Activities and)305 W 7200 34776 MT (Connections, and you must choose one from each. Having done all of) 156 W( this \050it won't take)157 W 7200 36171 MT (more than half an hour!\051, you may now begin) 262 W( to communicate with the switch. Type)261 W 7200 37566 MT (carriage return in the normal way, get the CALL, DISPLAY) 174 W( OR MODIFY? prompt, and)175 W 7200 38961 MT (you're on your way. In the future, you can take advantage of the configuration work you've)29 W 7200 40356 MT (done by invoking the program with the) 3 W( Activity and Connection name on the command line,)4 W 7200 41751 MT (as in)SH /Courier SF 8520 43551 MT (C>scom3 vax.cbx)SH 8580 50 9840 43751 UL /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 46062 MT (Like Smartcom) 150 W( II, Smartcom III includes a large dialing directory, listing major services)149 W 7200 47457 MT (like Compuserve, Dow-Jones, The Source, MCI Mail, etc.) 260 W( Presumably,) 827 W( access to these)261 W 7200 48852 MT (services is one of the reasons you bought Smartcom. How can) 130 W( you continue to dial them)129 W 7200 50247 MT (from your new CBX phone?)SH 7200 52758 MT (Smartcom III includes a script language) 162 W( as well as a remarkable feature called "learned)163 W 7200 54153 MT (scripts". When) 606 W( you turn on script learning \050from the session menu\051, it will observe both)149 W 7200 55548 MT (what you typed in and the responses that) 237 W( come back. It then translates the observed)238 W 7200 56943 MT (interactions into a program in Smartcom III's script language, SCOPE. Figure) 10 W( 15 shows an)9 W 7200 58338 MT (example for logging) 129 W( into MYHOST through the CBX. Note that Smartcom automatically)130 W 7200 59733 MT (discarded the lines \050like "CALLING 74250"\051 that did) 8 W( not evoke user typein, and it timed the)7 W 7200 61128 MT (responses. The) 684 W( same script should) 189 W( work for dialing \050substituting the phone number for)190 W 7200 62523 MT ("myhost".\051 If) 444 W( the CALL COMPLETE message fails) 69 W( to appear within 20 seconds, the script)68 W 7200 63918 MT (will go on to the next statement.)SH 7200 66429 MT (How can this script be combined with our predefined Activities? Just give) 134 W( the script the)135 W 7200 67824 MT (same name as) 241 W( the Connection that you use to get to that Activity, in our case "CBX".)240 W 7200 69219 MT (Whenever you establish a "CBX" Connection,) 30 W( the script executes automatically, and dialing)31 W 7200 70614 MT (up your favorite service with Smartcom III is as painless with the CBX as it was) 141 W( with a)140 W ES %%Page: 17 17 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (17)SH 46800 50 7200 8155 UL 11 /Courier AF 8520 11192 MT ({ Smartcom III Learned Script) SH( 7/19/88) 1320 W( 7:28) 660 W( PM })SH 8520 12306 MT (TYPE KEY RETURN_KEY ;)SH 8520 13420 MT (WAIT FOR PROMPT "CALL, DISPLAY OR MODIFY?" , 10 ;)SH 8520 14534 MT (TYPE LINE "call myhost" ;)SH 8520 15648 MT (WAIT FOR PROMPT "CALL COMPLETE" , 20 ;)SH 8520 16762 MT (TYPE KEY RETURN_KEY ;)SH 8520 17876 MT (WAIT FOR PROMPT "login:" , 20 ;)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 19386 19745 MT (Figure 15:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 25612 XM (A SmartCom III Learned Script)SH 46800 50 7200 21697 UL 7200 23448 MT (Hayes modem.)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 26894 MT (OPEN ACCESS II)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 29026 MT (Open Access II, from Software Products International) 249 W( \050San Diego, CA\051, is one of those)250 W 7200 30421 MT (all-in-one packages for the IBM PC family --) 383 W( spreadsheet, database, word processor,)382 W 7200 31816 MT (clock-calendar, and) 154 W( communications. The packages we've looked at so far were intended)155 W 7200 33211 MT (only for communications, so as a last) 178 W( resort their users could always convert to another)177 W 7200 34606 MT (package if the CBX conversion posed insurmountable problems.) 22 W( But) 351 W( when communications)23 W 7200 36001 MT (is only an ancillary function of a larger package, switching packages may not be an option.)SH 7200 38512 MT (The communication feature of Open) 39 W( Access II supports direct mode, as well as user-defined)38 W 7200 39907 MT (modem dialing) 208 W( sequences. But these cannot be used right away. Rather, one must go)209 W 7200 41302 MT (through an intricate and time-consuming menu-driven configuration) 234 W( session. But after)233 W 7200 42697 MT (sufficient effort, it can be made to work with the switch, at least in direct mode.) 148 W( Here's)604 W 7200 44092 MT (how:)SH 7200 46603 MT (Select Communications from the main menu, then select Modem) 61 W( from the communications)60 W 7200 47998 MT (menu. When) 374 W( it prompts you) 34 W( for a modem name, say NOMODEM. Then select Format and)35 W 7200 49393 MT (set the desired speed, parity, data, and stop bits. Then go back to the) 120 W( Modem menu and)119 W 7200 50788 MT (select Miscellaneous Parameters. Be sure to set "Translate modem character" to No. Now)57 W 7200 52183 MT (go back to the Communications menu and select the Service) 143 W( Menu. Make a new service)142 W 7200 53578 MT (called, say, CBX.) 99 W( Select) 506 W( the Format menu, and make all the format items agree with the)100 W 7200 54973 MT (modem formats \050if they do not agree, the connection will not) 144 W( work\051. Now go back to the)143 W 7200 56368 MT (Service menu and select the) 97 W( Miscellaneous Parameters menu. Several important settings)98 W 7200 57763 MT (here are: Autodial No, Hangup on Exit) 180 W( No, Ignore CTS Yes, Ignore Linefeed Yes \050if the)179 W 7200 59158 MT (latter is set to No, then the program will send) 100 W( CR LF whenever you type carriage return,)101 W 7200 60553 MT (and you will not be) 3 W( able to have a successful dialog with ICS\051. Pop back up two levels to the)2 W 7200 61948 MT (Communications menu,) 100 W( select Terminal, and now you can interact with ICS. Wasn't that)101 W 7200 63343 MT (easy?)SH 7200 65854 MT (Of course) 157 W( it wasn't. But preserving the user's investment in an expensive multifunction)156 W 7200 67249 MT (package can be) 88 W( worth the extra effort. In any case, if adaptation to the CBX's Interactive)89 W 7200 68644 MT (Call Setup dialog had not proved possible for Open Access II, then it would still have) 67 W( been)66 W 7200 70039 MT (possible to keep the package, but to use a separate package for communications, or to) 53 W( offer)54 W 7200 71434 MT (the user the more expensive 244PC ROLMphone alternative.)SH ES %%Page: 18 18 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (18)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 8092 MT (Another Package, Another Trick)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 10224 MT (One package we looked) 27 W( at, VsCom, for use between IBM PCs and Wang VS systems, allows)26 W 7200 11619 MT (direct connections, user-defined dialing sequences, and scripts. Direct connection worked)133 W 7200 13014 MT (fine on the first try. The evaluation copy of this program) 25 W( came without a complete manual;)24 W 7200 14409 MT (script file information was not available, nor was a) 80 W( listing of what special characters were)81 W 7200 15804 MT (allowed in) 155 W( the dialing sequence, for instance to signify pauses. Experimentation did not)154 W 7200 17199 MT (uncover a pause) 275 W( character. The sample screen showed that ")276 W /Courier SF ()SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (" stood for carriage)276 W 7200 18594 MT (return, so the following dialing string was used:)SH /Courier SF 7200 20394 MT ()SH 44100 XM (call myhost)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 7200 22263 MT (The dialing string has) 97 W( to fit on one line, so the maximum number of spaces were inserted)96 W 7200 23658 MT (between the initial) 105 W( carriage return and the "call" command. These serve as "padding," or)106 W 7200 25053 MT (time wasters, to give the switch time) 93 W( to issue its ")92 W /Courier SF (CALL, DISPLAY OR MODIFY?)92 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (" prompt)92 W 7200 26448 MT (before sending the "call") 116 W( command. Luckily, the switch ignores leading spaces, otherwise)117 W 7200 27843 MT (this trick would not have worked.)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 31289 MT (Macintoshes, T-Switches, and DTR)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 33421 MT (The RS-232-C Data Terminal Ready \050DTR\051 signal is sent) 7 W( from the PC to the ROLMphone to)6 W 7200 34816 MT (let the CBX know that the PC ready to communicate. This) 161 W( allows software packages to)162 W 7200 36211 MT (request service by turning) 27 W( on the DTR signal, and to close a connection by turning DTR off.)26 W 7200 37606 MT (However, certain packages or PCs cannot control their DTR signals. For this reason,) 115 W( the)116 W 7200 39001 MT (switch's data lines may be configured with "Forced DTR," which) 30 W( means that the switch will)29 W 7200 40396 MT (pretend the DTR signal is always on, at the expense of) 126 W( software-controlled call establish-)127 W 7200 41791 MT (ment and release. The) 267 W( problem is that Forced DTR is not a user-settable parameter.)266 W 7200 43186 MT (Rather, it must be) 99 W( configured by the CBX management, an administrative procedure that)100 W 7200 44581 MT (entails a fee, the filling out of forms, and some days of waiting for the request) 275 W( to be)274 W 7200 45976 MT (processed. Furthermore,) 496 W( the whole concept is intrinsically baffling) 95 W( to users. Therefore, it)96 W 7200 47371 MT (was decided that all lines should be configured the same, without Forced DTR.)SH 7200 49882 MT (But then what is to be done about devices that can't turn) 12 W( DTR on and off at will? There are)11 W 7200 51277 MT (two striking examples. First is) 90 W( the Apple Macintosh, which is quite popular at Columbia.)91 W 7200 52672 MT (But the Mac's) 289 W( serial communications interface is not RS-232-C, but rather an RS-422)288 W 7200 54067 MT (device that is)53 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 14435 XM (simulating)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 20317 XM (RS-232-C. This) 412 W( interface) 53 W( does not provide any modem signals, in)54 W 7200 55462 MT (particular DTR. Second is the ever-popular T-switch \050sometimes called an A-B) 199 W( switch\051:)198 W 7200 56857 MT (users who have a PC connected) 160 W( to both a ROLMphone and some other device through a)161 W 7200 58252 MT (T-switch lose their data connection as soon as they switch their device away) 253 W( from the)252 W 7200 59647 MT (phone.)SH 7200 62158 MT (Clearly, one does not want to submit a) 36 W( "move-and-change" order every time one turns one's)37 W 7200 63553 MT (T-switch from A to B, or exchanges a PC for a) 23 W( Macintosh. Our solution to this problem was)22 W 7200 64948 MT (to build special RS-232-C adapters that) 75 W( go between the phone and the user's cable. These)76 W 7200 66343 MT (loop one of the phone's constant outputs -- either Pin 9 \050Positive) 61 W( DC Test Voltage\051 or Pin 5)60 W 7200 67738 MT (\050Clear to Send\051, depending on the phone) 77 W( model -- back into the phone's DTR input. These)78 W 7200 69133 MT (adapters are called FOTs \050"Fake Out Things"\051, Models A and) 92 W( B, shown in Figure 16. The)91 W 7200 70528 MT (male end connects to the phone, the female end to) 71 W( the user's cable. The FOT is analogous)72 W 7200 71923 MT (to a null modem, in that it tricks the phone into thinking a computer is connected.) 137 W( One)579 W ES %%Page: 19 19 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (19)SH 46800 50 7200 8155 UL 11 /Courier AF 9840 11192 MT (Male Female) 3960 W( Male) 17160 W( Female)3960 W 9180 13420 MT (FG 1----------1 \050Frame) 660 W( Ground\051)SH 9180 14534 MT (TD 2----------2 \050Transmitted) 660 W( Data\051) SH( FG) 4620 W( 1----------1)660 W 9180 15648 MT (RD 3----------2 \050Received) 660 W( Data\051) SH( RD) 6600 W( 2----------2)660 W 8520 16762 MT (RTS 4----------4 \050Request) 660 W( to Send\051) SH( TD) 5280 W( 3----------3)660 W 8520 17876 MT (CTS 5----------5 \050Clear) 660 W( to Send\051) SH( RTS) 5940 W( 4----------4)660 W 8520 18990 MT (DSR 6----------6 \050Dataset) 660 W( Ready\051) SH( CTS) 5940 W( 5---+) 660 W( 5)3300 W 9180 20104 MT (SG 7----------7 \050Signal) 660 W( Ground\051) SH( |)11880 W 9180 21218 MT (CD 8----------8 \050Carrier) 660 W( Detect\051) SH( DSR) 5280 W( 6----------6)660 W 8520 22332 MT (DC+ 9---+) 660 W( 9) 3300 W( \050Test) 660 W( Voltage\051) SH( |)12540 W 14460 23446 MT (| SG) 22440 W( 7----------7)660 W 8520 24560 MT (DTR 20---+) SH( 20) 3300 W( \050Data Terminal Ready\051) SH( |)7920 W 9180 25674 MT (RI 22----------22 \050Ring Indicate\051) SH( CD) 6600 W( 8----------8)660 W 43500 26788 MT (|)SH 37560 27902 MT (DTR 20---+) SH( 20)3300 W 38220 29016 MT (RI 22----------22)SH 12480 31244 MT (Model A) SH( Model) 23760 W( B)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 25193 33113 MT (Figure 16:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 31419 XM (The FOT)SH 46800 50 7200 35065 UL 7200 36816 MT (might call it a "null computer.")SH 7200 39327 MT (Once we discovered how) 21 W( to connect Macs to the phone, we found that all popular Macintosh)22 W 7200 40722 MT (packages were able to) 134 W( use the CBX in direct mode, and some also in dial or script mode,)133 W 7200 42117 MT (depending on the capabilities of the package \050see Table 1\051.)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 45563 MT (Hard Cases)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 47695 MT (WilsonLine, a product of the H.W. Wilson Company) 141 W( \050Bronx, NY\051, is a CD-ROM database)142 W 7200 49090 MT (package used) 124 W( primarily in libraries, which also dials out to a central database service for)123 W 7200 50485 MT (updated information. It is a turnkey system that performs a unique function in a)385 W 7200 51880 MT (proprietary manner, and includes a non-customizable) 318 W( communication feature. Only a)317 W 7200 53275 MT (Hayes 300 or 1200 bps modem) 53 W( can be used. Wilsonline cannot be used for direct computer)54 W 7200 54670 MT (connections, nor with non-Hayes modems or with data switches. Our) 110 W( libraries depend on)109 W 7200 56065 MT (this package. For them, the only solution is the costly 244PC, a ROLMphone which)305 W 7200 57460 MT (emulates a Hayes 1200 Smartmodem.)SH 7200 59971 MT (We also learned that certain "bank at home") 83 W( products could not be made to work with the)82 W 7200 61366 MT (CBX, except with a 244PC. Packages like Chemical Bank Pronto, and Citibank Direct)222 W 7200 62761 MT (Access only work with modems certified and approved by the bank, and the IBM 9751 CBX)33 W 7200 64156 MT (is not on their list \050nor, in all likelihood, are any other data PBX's\051.) 163 W( But) 633 W( other banking)164 W 7200 65551 MT (packages like Chase) 95 W( Manhattan Spectrum can be used with "dumb" \050nondialing\051 modems,)94 W 7200 66946 MT (and therefore also with the CBX.)SH ES %%Page: 20 20 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (20)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 8092 MT (Summary)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 10224 MT (Your organization is) 120 W( installing a new digital voice/data switch. If you have any choice in)121 W 7200 11619 MT (the selection, you should look for features that will allow the) 15 W( popular RS-232-C communica-)14 W 7200 13014 MT (tions packages to continue working. A Hayes-compatible dialing language) 46 W( would be a good)47 W 7200 14409 MT (start, especially if it is not an) 205 W( extra-cost option. Also, as we've seen, some kind of call)204 W 7200 15804 MT (completion indication is essential to the) 157 W( reliable operation of scripts. This can be in the)158 W 7200 17199 MT (form of a message, or the transition of the Carrier Detect modem signal from low to high.)SH 7200 19710 MT (To prepare users of communication packages for conversion) 131 W( to the switch, first find some)130 W 7200 21105 MT (way to) 85 W( explain to them why they won't be needing their modems any more. Be positive --)86 W 7200 22500 MT (tell them they can take their modems home and dial in to work from there.) 97 W( If) 499 W( the switch)96 W 7200 23895 MT (claims to provide the Hayes dialing language, test it with a few packages, preferably)297 W 7200 25290 MT (Smartcom II or III \050if any package knows how to exercise a Hayes modem, Smartcom)254 W 7200 26685 MT (should!\051. If) 306 W( it works, you're done.)SH 7200 29196 MT (If your switch has its own) 198 W( special dialing language, you'll have to go through the same)199 W 7200 30591 MT (procedure we did. Conduct a survey of) 224 W( your users to find out what packages they are)223 W 7200 31986 MT (actually using. Get copies of each package, along with the manuals.)SH 7200 34497 MT (First find out if the package can be used in direct interactive) 155 W( mode. This can be tricky,)156 W 7200 35892 MT (because most packages are designed to be used with) 34 W( modems. A PC connected directly to a)33 W 7200 37287 MT (timesharing computer must be a) 364 W( relatively rare phenomenon judging from the scant)365 W 7200 38682 MT (attention given to this setup by most package manuals. But this is the back door to) 137 W( the)136 W 7200 40077 MT (data switch, so you must persist till you find it. In) 199 W( packages like Smartcom and Open)200 W 7200 41472 MT (Access, you) 148 W( may find yourself knee deep in menus before the magic door appears, but in)147 W 7200 42867 MT (almost every case) 258 W( it's there. Sometimes near the surface, sometimes deeply buried or)259 W 7200 44262 MT (cleverly disguised.)SH 7200 46773 MT (All those) 101 W( prompts about modem initialization strings, dialing strings, dialing prefixes and)100 W 7200 48168 MT (suffixes are ruses and red herrings, irrelevant to direct connections. Eradicate them) 48 W( if you)49 W 7200 49563 MT (can. If) 664 W( you) 179 W( find a configuration item that says "modem type," and one of the choices is)178 W 7200 50958 MT ("direct" or "no modem," then you're home free. Try the package interactively in this) 57 W( mode,)58 W 7200 52353 MT (and it should work.)SH 7200 54864 MT (If the package) 36 W( appears not to support direct connections, you might still get it to work with)35 W 7200 56259 MT (your switch provided you can supply the required RS-232-C modem signals. For example,) 3 W( if)4 W 7200 57654 MT (the software refuses to communicate unless it receives the) 57 W( Carrier Detect \050CD\051 signal from)56 W 7200 59049 MT (the modem, you can trick it by feeding) 14 W( its own Data Terminal Ready \050DTR\051 signal back into)15 W 7200 60444 MT (its CD signal \050by connecting pins 8 and 20 together in the PC end of the RS-232-C cable\051.)SH 7200 62955 MT (Then try the package's dial feature, if it has one. It's nice to get this working,) 22 W( because then)21 W 7200 64350 MT (the software package's dialing directory) 129 W( can be used to make outgoing data calls through)130 W 7200 65745 MT (the switch, in the same way it can be used) 35 W( with a modem. This time, try replacing the dial)34 W 7200 67140 MT (initialization string or prefix with the one used by your) 24 W( switch. In the IBM 9751 CBX case,)25 W 7200 68535 MT (the initialization string was a carriage return, and the dial prefix was the word "call")255 W 7200 69930 MT (followed by a space. The) 34 W( dial suffix, if required, is normally a carriage return. In our case,)35 W 7200 71325 MT (we needed a pause after the initial carriage return to give the switch time to issue) 217 W( its)216 W ES %%Page: 21 21 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (21)SH 11 SS 7200 7955 MT (prompt.)SH 7200 10466 MT (Finally, try setting up a script, if the package has a script) 158 W( language. This will get your)159 W 7200 11861 MT (turnkey and pushbutton users off the ground, and) 81 W( it will allow any unattended operations)80 W 7200 13256 MT (to continue unabated. Some script languages are straightforward,) 470 W( others are best)471 W 7200 14651 MT (understood by a devious mind. In the latter category come scripts of the "expect-send")210 W 7200 16046 MT (variety \050like) 41 W( Smartcom II\051, which assume that something must be received before anything)42 W 7200 17441 MT (can be sent, and scripts that only match single characters, rather than) 58 W( whole strings, from)57 W 7200 18836 MT (the input stream \050like Smartcom II or VTERM II\051.)SH 7200 21347 MT (Table 1 summarizes the results for the packages we looked) 53 W( at. We found that nearly all of)54 W 7200 22742 MT (them allow direct connections, and so can) 64 W( be made to work with with IBM's CBX. Getting)63 W 7200 24137 MT (the CBX's) 198 W( dialing to mesh with the package is somewhat more problematic. But in all)199 W 7200 25532 MT (cases, it) 257 W( seems that if the package has a script language,)256 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 39131 XM (and)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 41670 XM (it supports direct-mode)256 W 7200 26927 MT (connections, then) 110 W( scripts can be written to dial out from the CBX. So the news is almost)111 W 7200 28322 MT (completely good.)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 31768 MT (Products Mentioned)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 33900 MT (The IBM 9750 Business Communication) 145 W( System is a product of IBM, 4900 Old Ironsides)144 W 7200 35295 MT (Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95054.)SH 7200 37806 MT (CrossTalk XVI is) 119 W( a product of Microstuf Inc, 1000 Holcomb Woods Parkway, Roswell, GA)120 W 7200 39201 MT (30076. There) 576 W( is now a newer product, Crosstalk Mk.4,) 135 W( from DCA/Crosstalk Communica-)134 W 7200 40596 MT (tions, same address.)SH 7200 43107 MT (Kermit is available for more than 300 different machines and) 276 W( operating systems from)277 W 7200 44502 MT (Kermit Distribution, Columbia University Center for Computing) 15 W( Activities, 612 West 115th)14 W 7200 45897 MT (Street, New York, NY 10025.)SH 7200 48408 MT (Open Access II is a) 249 W( product of Software Products International, 10240 Sorrento Valley)250 W 7200 49803 MT (Road, San Diego, CA 92121.)SH 7200 52314 MT (PACX IV is) 56 W( a product of Gandalf Data, Inc., US office: 1020 South Noel Avenue, Wheeling,)55 W 7200 53709 MT (IL 60090.)SH 7200 56220 MT (ProComm 2.2 is a shareware product from) 450 W( DataStorm Technologies, PO Box 1471,)451 W 7200 57615 MT (Columbia, MD 65205. There is also a newer product, ProComm Plus.)SH 7200 60126 MT (Smartcom II and III are products of Hayes Microcomputer Products) 282 W( Inc, 705 Westech)281 W 7200 61521 MT (Drive, Norcross, GA 30092.)SH 7200 64032 MT (VsCom is a product of M/H Group, 222 West Adams, Chicago, IL 60606.)SH 7200 66543 MT (VTERM III is a product of Coefficient Systems, 611 Broadway, New York, NY 10012.)SH 7200 69054 MT (WilsonLine is a) 104 W( product of the H.W. Wilson Company, 950 University Avenue, Bronx, NY)105 W 7200 70449 MT (10452.)SH ES %%Page: 22 22 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (22)SH 46800 50 7200 8155 UL 11 SS 36378 11144 MT (Operates with CBX using....)SH 16677 50 34848 11344 UL 34848 12340 MT (Direct)SH 41328 XM (DIAL)SH 47808 XM (Script)SH 9648 13536 MT (Package)SH 21168 XM (Version)SH 27648 XM (System)SH 34848 XM (Connect)SH 41328 XM (Command)SH 47808 XM (Language)SH 43196 50 9648 13736 UL 9648 14732 MT (Crosstalk XVI)SH 22608 XM (3.61)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 15928 MT (Crosstalk Mk.4)SH 22608 XM (1.01)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 17124 MT (Dialoglink)SH 22608 XM (1.20)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 18320 MT (Direct Access)SH 22608 XM (---)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (N)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 19516 MT (Hyperaccess)SH 22608 XM (3.11)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 20712 MT (MS-Kermit)SH 22608 XM (2.31)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 21908 MT (Open Access)SH 22608 XM (II)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 23104 MT (PC-Plot)SH 22608 XM (3.601)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 24300 MT (PC-TalkIII)SH 22608 XM (---)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 25496 MT (ProComm)SH 22608 XM (2.2)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 26692 MT (Pronto)SH 22608 XM (---)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (N)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 27888 MT (Smartcom II)SH 22608 XM (2.2)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 29084 MT (Smartcom III)SH 22608 XM (1.0A)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 30280 MT (Spectrum)SH 22608 XM (2.1)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 31476 MT (VsCom)SH 22608 XM (4.5)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 32672 MT (VTERM III)SH 22608 XM (1.2)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 33868 MT (Wilsonline)SH 22608 XM (1.19)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (N)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 35064 MT (ZCOMM)SH 22608 XM (3/88)SH 27648 XM (IBM PC)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 36260 MT (MacKermit)SH 22608 XM (0.9)SH 27648 XM (Macintosh)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 37456 MT (MacTerminal)SH 22608 XM (2.2)SH 27648 XM (Macintosh)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 38652 MT (Microphone II)SH 22608 XM (2.0)SH 27648 XM (Macintosh)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 39848 MT (Red Ryder)SH 22608 XM (10.0)SH 27648 XM (Macintosh)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 41044 MT (VersaTerm-PRO)SH 22608 XM (2.00)SH 27648 XM (Macintosh)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 42240 MT (Kermit-65)SH 22608 XM (3.81)SH 27648 XM (Apple II)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 43436 MT (Kermit-80)SH 22608 XM (4.09)SH 27648 XM (CP/M systems)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 44632 MT (Xmodem et al)SH 22608 XM (---)SH 27648 XM (CP/M, MS-DOS)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 45828 MT (CX)SH 22608 XM (---)SH 27648 XM (DECmate)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 47024 MT (Easycom)SH 22608 XM (---)SH 27648 XM (DECmate)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 48220 MT (C-Kermit)SH 22608 XM (4E)SH 27648 XM (UNIX, VMS)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 49416 MT (tip)SH 22608 XM (---)SH 27648 XM (UNIX)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 50612 MT (cu)SH 22608 XM (---)SH 27648 XM (UNIX)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 9648 51808 MT (UUCP)SH 22608 XM (---)SH 27648 XM (UNIX)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 53004 MT (Kermit-11)SH 22608 XM (3.58)SH 27648 XM (DEC PDP-11)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (Y)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 54200 MT (Kermit-20)SH 22608 XM (4.2)SH 27648 XM (DECSYSTEM20)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (Y)SH 9648 55396 MT (Kermit-32)SH 22608 XM (3.3)SH 27648 XM (DEC VAX/VMS)SH 36648 XM (Y)SH 43128 XM (N)SH 49608 XM (N)SH 8424 57148 MT (\050"---" means version number not announced or relevant\051)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 23339 58900 MT (Table 1:)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 28302 XM (Package Summary)SH 46800 50 7200 60852 UL ES %%Page: 23 23 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (23)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 8092 MT (Glossary)SH 11 SS 7200 10224 MT (244PC)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 11451 XM (- A four-line data-equipped ROLMphone that includes a Hayes AT command)360 W 7200 11619 MT (language interpreter.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 14130 MT (ASCII)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 10953 XM (- American Standard Code for Information Interchange, ANSI X3.4-1977. The 7-bit)46 W 7200 15525 MT (code used by most asynchronous terminals and personal computers) 157 W( for character storage)156 W 7200 16920 MT (and transmission.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 19431 MT (CBX)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 10376 XM (- Computerized) 364 W( Branch Exchange, a family of digital voice/data private branch)365 W 7200 20826 MT (exchanges manufactured by Rolm and IBM.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 23337 MT (CR)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 9259 XM (- Carriage Return, ASCII character 13.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 25848 MT (CTS)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 9924 XM (- Clear To Send, an) 34 W( RS-232-C signal sent on pin 5 of the standard 25-pin connector by)33 W 7200 27243 MT (a modem) 414 W( to a computer or terminal, indicating that the computer or terminal has)415 W 7200 28638 MT (permission to send data to the modem.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 31149 MT (DTMF)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 11089 XM (- Dual Tone Multi-Frequency \050Touch Tone\051.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 33660 MT (DTR)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 10290 XM (- Data Terminal Ready, an RS-232-C signal sent on pin 20 of the standard 25-pin)176 W 7200 35055 MT (connector by a computer or terminal to a modem,) 56 W( indicating that the computer or terminal)57 W 7200 36450 MT (is online.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 38961 MT (Host)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 10157 XM (- A computer capable of supporting multiple simultaneous interactive users.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 41472 MT (ICS)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 9591 XM (- Interactive Call Setup, the set of) 7 W( prompts and commands provided to the data user by)6 W 7200 42867 MT (the IBM 9751 CBX.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 45378 MT (LDS-125)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 12087 XM (- A limited distance modem used with the Gandalf PACX IV data PBX.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 47889 MT (LF)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 9094 XM (- Linefeed, ASCII character 10.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 50400 MT (PACX)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 10826 XM (- The Gandalf Private Automated Computer Exchange, a data switch.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 52911 MT (PBX)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 10061 XM (- Private) 70 W( Branch Exchange, a generic term for any device that switches voice or data)71 W 7200 54306 MT (calls.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 56817 MT (PC)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 9197 XM (- Personal computer.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 59328 MT (ROLMlink)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 13642 XM (- The proprietary protocol used between the) 164 W( ROLMphone and the IBM 9751)163 W 7200 60723 MT (CBX, allowing simultaneous transmission) 80 W( of voice and RS-232-C data over a single pair of)81 W 7200 62118 MT (telephone wires.)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold SF 7200 64629 MT (ROLMphone)SH /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF 14819 XM (- A digital telephone for use with the IBM 9751 CBX. When equipped with)77 W 7200 66024 MT (the data option, capable of simultaneous voice and data connection.)SH ES %%Page: 24 24 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 30044 4286 MT (24)SH 13 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 7200 8092 MT (Biographies)SH 11 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 7200 10224 MT (Christine Gianone is) 33 W( Kermit Administrator of Columbia University's Center for Computing)34 W 7200 11619 MT (Activities \050CUCCA\051; Frank da Cruz is CUCCA's Senior Planning Officer) 55 W( for Networks, and)54 W 7200 13014 MT (author of)48 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic SF 12250 XM (Kermit, A File Transfer Protocol)48 W /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman SF (. Chris) 403 W( and Frank are also data communications)49 W 7200 14409 MT (instructors in Columbia's Division) 128 W( of Special Programs, and co-authors of various articles)127 W 7200 15804 MT (and a forthcoming book on data communications software and protocols.)SH ES %%Page: xxv 25 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 29794 4286 MT (xxv)SH 14 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 25293 8160 MT (List of Figures)SH 12 SS 9267 9446 MT (Figure 1:) SH( The) 688 W( Gandalf PACX Data PBX)SH 53311 XM (3)SH 9267 10732 MT (Figure 2:) SH( A) 688 W( Traditional Modem Connection)SH 53311 XM (4)SH 9267 12018 MT (Figure 3:) SH( Acoustic) 688 W( vs. Direct-Connect Modems)SH 53311 XM (4)SH 9267 13304 MT (Figure 4:) SH( Dialing) 688 W( Out from the IBM Switch)SH 53311 XM (4)SH 9267 14590 MT (Figure 5:) SH( MS-DOS) 688 W( Kermit Direct Connection to CBX)SH 53311 XM (8)SH 9267 15876 MT (Figure 6:) SH( MS-DOS) 688 W( Kermit Script for Dialing Out from the CBX)SH 53311 XM (9)SH 9267 17162 MT (Figure 7:) SH( Taking) 688 W( Advantage of CALL COMPLETE)SH 53311 XM (9)SH 9267 18448 MT (Figure 8:) SH( Allowing) 688 W( for Local and Dialout Connections)SH 52755 XM (10)SH 9267 19734 MT (Figure 9:) SH( Defining) 688 W( a New Kermit Command)SH 52755 XM (10)SH 9267 21020 MT (Figure 10:) SH( A) 688 W( Kermit Script That Works) 18 W( With Both Hayes and CBX)19 W 52888 XM (11)SH 16402 22306 MT (Dialing)SH 9267 23592 MT (Figure 11:) SH( A) 688 W( Script That Keeps Trying)SH 52755 XM (12)SH 9267 24878 MT (Figure 12:) SH( A) 688 W( ProComm Script for Use with the CBX)SH 52755 XM (13)SH 9267 26164 MT (Figure 13:) SH( A) 688 W( Crosstalk XVI Script)SH 52755 XM (14)SH 9267 27450 MT (Figure 14:) SH( A) 688 W( SmartCom II Macro)SH 52755 XM (15)SH 9267 28736 MT (Figure 15:) SH( A) 688 W( SmartCom III Learned Script)SH 52755 XM (17)SH 9267 30022 MT (Figure 16:) SH( The) 688 W( FOT)SH 52755 XM (19)SH ES %%Page: xxvi 26 BS 0 SI 10 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman AF 29636 4286 MT (xxvi)SH 14 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold AF 25695 8160 MT (List of Tables)SH 12 SS 9267 9446 MT (Table 1:) SH( Package) 688 W( Summary)SH 52622 XM (22)SH ES %%Trailer %%Pages: 26 %%DocumentFonts: NewCenturySchlbk-Roman NewCenturySchlbk-Bold NewCenturySchlbk-Italic Courier