Chapter 3 highlighted three criteria for evaluating the quality of an assessment tool and the results it yields in given contexts: validity, reliability, and utility. Effective design and use of assessment tools requires that we have a thorough understanding of factors that could affect the quality of the results and interpretations that we wish to make with those results. Such an awareness makes it possible for us to control and attend to various infrences during the development of an instrument or in subsequent applications with it (see Chapter 2).

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