Syllabus

 

Modern European

Intellectual History II

(The Modernist Revolution)

 

History 3311

Columbia University

Spring 2008

Mon. and Weds., 10:35-11:50

Hamilton Hall 702

 

 

 

Samuel Moyn

Professor of History

Fayerweather 616

(212) 854-3009

s.moyn@columbia.edu

AOL IM: samuelmoyn

Office Hours: Thursday, 9-11 a.m.

 

Teaching Assistants

James Chappel

james.chappel@gmail.com

Alexander Kaye

alk2123@columbia.edu

 

Course Description

 

European history in the late 19th and early 20th centuries often focuses on the tragic and violent decline of the continent into the catastrophes of fascism, war, and genocide.

 

In this same Europe, however, there also occurred a vibrant modernist revolution among intellectuals that still presents a challenge to conventional assumptions about human agency, interpersonal norms, and political organization.

 

This class will survey European intellectual life from ca. 1880-1940, interrelating individual works of philosophical and social theory as well as literature and the arts against the backdrop of Europe's great crisis. Lectures, reading and discussion are an experiment in what happens when works of different genres are considered together on the grounds that they were produced in the same circumstances and incorporated the same impulses as one another.

 

The course also asks the question: What can – and should -- be saved from this revolution?

 

The course involves an electronic discussion board via https://courseworks.columbia.edu.

 

Course Requirements

 

Two 5-7 pp. papers, due February 29 and April 11 (30% each)

One 2 pp. report on an extracurricular event, due April 26

Final examination (30%)

Discussion in section (10%)

 

If you do not sign up for section (which is an option but likely a bad idea, since the texts in this class have to be interpreted and you will likely need help doing so), your second paper and final exam will count 5% more.

 

I will hand out paper topics about two weeks before each paper is due. Papers handed in after the due date will be graded down by one letter grade per day late.

 

Note: you may count this course towards a major or concentration in Comparative Literature and Society, but only if you read one or more of the non-English texts in its original language – see the instructor.

 

PAPER 1 TOPICS

PAPER 2 TOPICS

 

Book List

 

The books listed below are available for purchase and on reserve. The items with an asterisk are reproduced as PDFs on the Courseworks website. All books are on order at Book Culture (a.k.a. Labyrinth Books) on 112th Street or via any online bookseller.

 

Sigmund Freud, The Freud Reader, ed. Peter Gay (Norton), 0393314030

Erich Fromm, Escape From Freedom (Henry Holt), 0805031499

AndrŽ Gide, The Immoralist (Vintage), 0679741917

J.-K. Huysmans, Against the Grain (Dover), 0486221903

Thomas Mann, Death in Venice etc. (Continuum), 0826409717

Luigi Pirandello, Six Characters in Search of an Author and Other Plays (Penguin), 014018922X

Max Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (Penguin), 0140439218

Oscar Wilde, Salome (Branden), 0828314675

 

Reports

 

New York City was a capital of modernism (it has even been alleged by Serge Guibaut that New York ÒstoleÓ modernism). The report on one extracurricular event is not graded but is required to pass the class. If you do not want to attend the group museum visit, you are welcome to visit it on your own. You are also welcome to report on other exhibits, lectures, or performances, not listed below, with permission. If you want to do a cost-free or stay-home report, see the instructor for suggestions of video performances to check out of the library; if you cannot bear to leave dorm room (or your network connection), there is also MoMAÕs Òonline exhibitionÓ of German expressionist prints. Some suggestions:

 

Austrian Cultural Forum, relevant exhibits or films

Claude Debussy, ÒLa Mer,Ó among other things, Julliard Orchestra, Feburary 18, 8 p.m.

ÒGraphic Modernism — Budapest to the Baltic,Ó New York Public Library (ends 1/25)

Gustav Klimt Exhibition, Neue Galerie (by yourself or part of organized museum visit)

J.J.H. Muller, ÒTristan und Isolde: Beyond the Chord,Ó W. Reade Theater, March 6, 6 p.m.

Modern Architecture Retrospective Museum of Modern Art

Richard Strauss, ÒEin Heldenleben,Ó at New York Philharmonic in March

Igor Stravinsky, ÒThe Firebird,Ó at New York Philharmonic in April

Richard Wagner, Tristan und Isolde, at Metropolitan Opera in March

 

You can also just visit the Museum of Modern Art anytime and report on the permanent collection.

 

Schedule of Lectures and Readings:

 

Note: You should do as much of the reading as possible before the lecture for which it is assigned. When there is no reading assigned for a certain lecture, it is in order to leave you time to complete the previous reading and begin the next reading.

 

1. Jan. 23: Introduction: Intellectual History

 

2. Jan. 28: Bourgeoisie, Liberalism and Positivism

 

Reading: *Emile Zola, ÒThe Experimental NovelÓ

 

 

Unit 1: Origins of the Modernist Revolt against Bourgeois Society

 

3. Jan. 30: From Naturalism to Decadence in French Literature

 

Reading: J.-K. Huysmans, Against Nature, pp. 1-25, 39-57, 65-82, 94-104, 130-35, 178-79, 182-85, 193-98, 199-206, xxxiii-xlix; you may want to read optional further chapters if you are especially interested in classical literature (Chap. 3), modern French literature (Chaps. 12 and 14), painting (Chap. 5, latter half), botany (Chap. 8), music (Chap. 15) or perfume (Chap. 10).

 

4. Feb. 4: Dangerous (Female) Sexuality

 

Reading: Oscar Wilde, Salome

 

5: Feb. 6: Primitivism and Personal Liberation

 

Reading: AndrŽ Gide, The Immoralist; *Paul Gauguin, Noa Noa and related text in reader

 

6. Feb. 11: Art, Form and Passion

 

Reading: Thomas Mann, ÒDeath in VeniceÓ

 

7. Feb. 13: The Deep Self in Philosophy and Art

 

Reading: *Henri Bergson, Introduction to Metaphysics

 

8. Feb. 18: The Invention of Psychoanalysis: Dreams and Conflict

 

Reading: Sigmund Freud, A Freud Reader, 142-72, 239-93, 301-6, 363-87, 436-43, 481-513

9. Feb. 20: Formal Revolution in the Arts

 

Reading: *Arnold Schšnberg, ÒThe Relation to the TextÓ; *Wassily Kandinsky, On the Spiritual in Art

 

Feb. 25: No Class

 

Unit 2: Political Implications of Modernism before and after World War I

 

10. Feb. 27: Politics in a New Key: Liberalism, Elites, and Masses

 

Feb. 29: First Paper Due

 

11. March 3: Neue Galerie Guided Tour*

 

This tour takes place at the Neue Galerie, 1048 5th Ave., at 10:30 a.m. and lasts approximately ninety minutes. Including travel time, it will take somewhat longer than the class period and is not required if you would prefer a day off. If you would like to do your required report on the Neue Galerie but do not make this visit, simply visit on your own. ***If you want to come March 3, you must sign up with the instructor by February 13 and pay a $10 admission fee for your spot***. There are limited spots for this visit, which is being subvented by the history department, and students will be accommodated on a first-come, first-served basis.

 

12. March 5: Marxism between Science and Myth

 

Reading: *Georges Sorel, Reflections on Violence

 

13. March 10: World War I in European Intellectual History

 

Reading: *Weimar Documents: Ernst JŸnger, ÒFire,Ó ÒOn Danger,Ó and ÒThe WorkerÓ; Carl Schmitt, The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy and The Concept of the Political; Hans Freyer, ÒRevolution from the Right,Ó and Hermann Hesse, ÒThe Longing of the Time for a WorldviewÓ

 

14. March 12: Mass Psychology and the Leadership Principle

 

Reading: *Gustave Le Bon, The Crowd, Thomas Mann, ÒMario and the MagicianÓ

 

SPRING BREAK

 

15. March 24: The Modernist Contribution to Italian Fascism

 

Reading: *Fascism Documents

 

 

Unit 3: Modernism between Death and Existence in the Interwar Years

 

16. March 26: FreudÕs Later Thought: Compulsion and Death

 

Reading: Sigmund Freud, *ÒThoughts for Times on War and DeathÓ and Freud Reader, 595-626, 722-72

 

17. March 31: The Interwar Avant-Garde

 

18. April 2: The Fate of British Modernism (Lecture by James Chappel)

 

Reading: *British Modernism Documents; T.S. Eliot, ÒThe Waste LandÓ

 

19. April 7: Masterpieces of the 1920s: Proust and Mann

 

Reading: *Marcel Proust, Time Regained; re-read Bergson, Introduction, on time

 

20. April 9: The Multiple (and Fragmentary) Self

 

Reading: Luigi Pirandello, So It IsÉ and Six CharactersÉ

 

April 11: Second Paper Due

 

21. April 14: The Modernist Origins of Existentialism

 

Reading: *Martin Heidegger, Being and Time

 

22. April 16: Modernism and Religion (Lecture by Alexander Kaye)

 

Reading: TBD

 

Unit 4: Where Did Modernism Come From and Does It Outlive Its Era?

23. April 21: The Religion of Individualism

 

Reading: *Emile Durkheim, ÒIndividualism and the IntellectualsÓ and related text in reader

 

24. April 23: The Resignation of Disenchantment

 

Reading: Max Weber, The Protestant Ethic, *ÒPolitics as a VocationÓ

 

April 24: Report Due

 

25: April 28: The Analysis of Language and the Twelve-Tone Row

 

Reading: *Ludwig Wittgenstein, Tractatus, and *Anton Webern, The Path to the New Music

 

26. April 30: The Frankfurt School: Modernism as Utopia

 

Reading: Erich Fromm, Escape from Freedom, pages to be announced

 

27. May 5: Repairing Liberalism to Save Art?

 

Reading: *J.M. Keynes, ÒThe End of Laissez-FaireÓ and ÒEconomic Possibilities for Our GrandchildrenÓ

 

 

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Reading Week: Review Session with Instructors

 

Reading: Interpretations Packet

 

Later:  Final Exam