History W 4384

 

Alexis de Tocqueville and French Liberalism:

Modernity, Individuality, and Sociability

 

Undergraduate Seminar

 

Tuesday, 2:10-4:00 p.m.

522B Kent Hall

 

Samuel Moyn, Assistant Professor

Department of History, Columbia University

s.moyn@columbia.edu

 

Fayerweather 616

(212) 854-300

AOL IM: samuelmoyn

 

This seminar provides an overview of the political and social theory of the French liberal thinker Alexis de Tocqueville, in the context of nineteenth-century French liberalism, and then turns to his revival in French social thought in the present day.

 

The study of his writings seeks to place him in the nineteenth century and examine how he understood the promise and problems of democracy on the brink of its emergence; the study of his self-appointed heirs asks what is worth following and what is worth rejecting in his image of modernity and in the way he posed and solved the problems of social disintegration and tyrannical dominance in an age of individualism.

 

This is a reading rather than a research seminar. Though of course you will have a final paper (on which see below), the critical requirement is that you attend class throughout the semester having read and engaged carefully with the assignments. Do not sign up for this course if you do not think you can meet this baseline requirement, or if the nature of your obligations this semester is too onerous for you to be able to meet it throughout (including those weeks when you have deadlines for other classes).

 

 

Course Requirements

 

Each student must report on one extra source during the course of the semester (possibilities for such reports are listed week-by-week below), post a message to the web discussion page once a week (details to be discussed in class), and write a 15-20 pp. final paper on a topic agreed upon with the instructor. This paper is intended to be a commentary rather than a research paper. You are not required to (though of course you may) read additional sources; the emphasis in thinking about and writing the paper should be conceptual, showing the depth of your engagement with Tocqueville, his followers, and/or one of the moral or sociological problems they address.

 

 

Books on Reserve at Butler and Available for Purchase at Labyrinth

 

Hannah Arendt, On Revolution (Penguin, 014018421X)

Benjamin Constant, Political Writings (Cambridge, 0521316324)

Marcel Gauchet, The Disenchantment of the World (Princeton, 0691029377)

Pierre Manent, Tocqueville and the Nature of Democracy (Rowman and Littlefield, 0847681165)

Alexis de Tocqueville, The Old Regime and the French Revolution (Anchor, ISBN# 0385092601)

—, Democracy in America (Harper Perennial Classics, 0060956666)

—, Writings on Empire and Slavery (Johns Hopkins, 0801877563)

 

I have also placed on reserve and ordered the following optional texts for you:

 

André Jardin, Tocqueville: A Biography (Johns Hopkins, 0801860679)

George W. Pierson, Tocqueville in America (Johns Hopkins, 0801855063)

 

 

 

Schedule of Meetings and Readings

 

(* = to be placed on reserve as a photocopy in Fayerweather reading room.)

 

Week 1 (Sept: 2): Introduction

 

 

Unit One: Tocqueville’s Major Writings

 

Week 2 (Sept. 9): Tocqueville’s Origins and the Interpretation of the Revolution

 

Reading:                                      The Old Regime and the French Revolution

 

Report:                                        André Jardin, Tocqueville: A Biography

                                                         R.R. Palmer, The Two Tocquevilles, Father and Son

 

Week  3 (Sept. 16):                Benjamin Constant and Post-Revolutionary Liberalism

 

Reading:                                      Benjamin Constant, Political Writings, selections

                                                         *Stephen Holmes, “Constant and Tocqueville: An Unexplored Relationship”

 

Report:                                        Stephen Holmes, Benjamin Constant and the Making of Modern Liberalism

 

Week 4 (Sept. 23):                 The Doctrinaires

 

Reading:                                      *François Guizot, The History of Civilization in Europe, Editor’s Intro. and Lecture 1

                                                         *Aurelian Craiutu, “Tocqueville and the Political Thought of the French Doctrinaires”

 

Report:                                        Aurelian Craiutu, “The ‘Strange’ Liberalism of the French Doctrinaires”

                                                         Larry Siedentop, “Two Liberal Traditions”

 

Weeks 5-6 (Sept. 30):           Tocqueville in and on America

 

Reading:                                      Democracy in America, Volume 1

*J.S. Mill, review of volume

 

Report:                                        George Pierson, Tocqueville [and Beaumont] in America

T. and Gustave de Beaumont, On the Penitentiary System in the United States

T., Journey to America

Beaumont, Marie, or Slavery in the United States

Seymour Drescher, Tocqueville and Beaumont on Social Reform

 

Weeks 6-7 (Oct. 7):               The Culture of Democracy and Its Cures

 

Reading:                                      Democracy in America, Volume 2

*J.S. Mill, review of volume

*Seymour Drescher, “Tocqueville’s Two Démocraties”

 

Report:                                        Jean-Claude Lamberti, Tocqueville and the Two “Democracies”

                                                         James T. Schleifer, The Making of Tocqueville’s “Democracy in America”

 

Week 8 (Oct. 21):                  Tocqueville and “the Other”

 

Reading:                                      *Tocqueville, “A Fortnight in the Desert”

—, Writings on Empire and Slavery

 

Report:                                        T., The “European Revolution” and Correspondence with Gobineau

                                                         Mary Lawlor, Alexis de Tocqueville in the Chamber of Deputies

                                                         Harry Liebersohn, Aristocratic Encounters

                                                         Uday Singh Mehta, Liberalism and Empire

 

Week 9 (Oct. 28):                  The Revolution of 1848 and Tocqueville’s Old Age

 

Reading:                                      Tocqueville, Recollections [this book is apparently out of print; so you will have to read the reserve copy or order it used]

 

Report:                                        Edward Gargan, Alexis de Tocqueville: The Critical Years, 1848-1851

Richard Herr, Tocqueville and the Old Regime

 

Election Day (Nov. 4):       No Class

 

Unit Two: Tocqueville’s Legacy

 

Week 10 (Nov. 11):              The Origins of Tocquevillian Modernity

 

Reading:                                      *Marcel Gauchet, “Tocqueville”

—, The Disenchantment of the World

 

Report:                                       Louis Dumont, Homo Hierarchicus

                                                         —, Essays on Individualism

 

Week 11 (Nov. 18):              Interpreting Democratic Revolution

 

Reading:                                      *François Furet, Interpreting the French Revolution, 132-64

                                                         Hannah Arendt, On Revolution

 

Report:                                       Françoise Mélonio, Tocqueville in France

                                                         Patrice Higonnet, Goodness beyond Virtue

                                                         Isser Woloch, The New Regime

 

Week 12 (Nov. 25):              Conservative Liberalism

 

Reading:                                      Pierre Manent, Tocqueville and the Nature of Democracy

 

Report:                                       Joshua Mitchell, The Fragility of Freedom

Sheldon Wolin, Tocqueville between Two Worlds

                  

Week 13 (Dec. 1):                  Sociability in the Late Twentieth Century

 

Reading:                                      *Claude Lefort, Democracy and Political Theory, chaps. 9-10

*Mark Warren, Democracy and Association, selections

 

Report:                                       Robert Bellah et al., Habits of the Heart

                                                         Jean L. Cohen and Andrew Arato, Civil Society and Political Theory

Robert Putnam, Bowling Alone

Pierre Rosanvallon, The New Social Question

 

 

Appendix: Bibliographical Information on Other Topics

(for use in thinking about final paper topics on matters not covered on the syllabus)

 

Some Syntheses

 

Roger Boesche, The Strange Liberalism of Alexis de Tocqueville

Alan S. Kahan, Aristocratic Liberalism

Jack Lively, The Social and Political Thought of Alexis de Tocqueville

Larry Siedentop, Tocqueville

Cheryl B. Welch, Tocqueville