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Geography:
The lands of Turkey are located at a point where the three continents
making up the old world, Asia, Africa and Europe are closest to
each other.
Turkey is situated on an area where Europe meets Asia, creating
a link between these two continents. The European part of the
country is called Thrace, while the Asian part is known as Anatolia
(or Asia Minor). It is bordered to the northwest by Greece and
Bulgaria, to the east by the former USSR (Georgia, Armenia, and
Azerbaican Republics) and Iran, and to the south by Iraq and Syria.
The Turkish peninsula is bathed by four seas: the Mediterranean
to the south, the Aegean to the west, the Sea of Marmara between
the European and Asian land masses, and the Black Sea to the north.
The entire coastline spans more than 8,000 kilometers (approximately
5,000 miles) in length.
Because of its geographical location the mainland of Anatolia
has always found favour throughout history, and is the birthplace
of many great civilizations. It has also been prominent as a center
of commerce because of its land connections to three continents
and the sea surrounding it on three sides.
Location:
Map |
Southwestern Asia (that part west of the Bosporus is included
with Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia,
and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between
Greece and Syria. |
|
Area: |
Total area: |
780,000 square km (300,000 square miles) |
| Land area: |
770,760 square km |
| Thrace (Europe): |
23,764 square km. |
| Anatolia (Asia): |
755,688 square km. |
| Max. length: |
1,565 km. |
| Average width: |
550km. |
|
Coastline: |
Total: |
8,372 km. |
| Aegean: |
2,805 km. |
| Mediterranean: |
1,577 km. |
| Black Sea: |
1,695 km. |
| Marmara: |
927 km. |
|
Land Boundaries: |
Total: |
2,753 km. |
| Syria: |
877 km. |
Former USSR
(Georgia, Armenia, Nakhitchevan); |
610 km |
| Iran: |
454 km. |
| Irak: |
331 km. |
| Bulgaria: |
269 km. |
| Greece: |
212 km. |
|
Land Use: |
Arable land: |
30% |
| Permanent crops: |
4% |
| Meadows and pastures: |
12% |
| Forest and woodland: |
26% |
| Other: |
28% |
|
Lakes: |
Total: |
9,423 square km. |
| In order of size: |
Van, Tuz Golu (Salt Lake), Beysehir, Egridir, Aksehir, Iznik,
Burdur, Manyas, Acigol, Ulubat (Apolyont). |
|
Mountains
Max. altitude: |
Mt. Ararat: |
5,165 m. |
| Kackar; |
3,923 m. |
| Erciyes; |
3,917 m. |
| B Hasan; |
3,268 m. |
| Nemrut: |
2,282 m. |
| Uludag (Mt. Olympus): |
2,543 m. |
| Average altitude; |
1,131 m. |
| Land above 500 m. altitude |
80% |
|
Rivers: |
Firat (Euphrates): |
1,263 km. (in Turkey) |
| Kizilirmak: |
1,182 km. |
| Sakarya: |
824 km. |
| Murat: |
722 km. |
| Seyhan: |
560 km. |
| Menderes (Meander): |
584 km. |
| Dicle (Tigris): |
523 km. (in Turkey) |
| Yesilirmak: |
519 km. |
| Ceyhan: |
509 km. |
| Porsuk: |
488 km. |
| Coruh: |
442 km. |
| Gediz: |
401 km. |
|
Islands: |
Aegean Sea: |
Gokceada, Bozcaada, Uzunada, Alibey |
| Marmara Avsa Isles: |
Eknik, Koyun, Pasalimani |
| Princes' Isles: |
Buyukada, Heybeliada, Burgaz, Kinali, Sedef, |
| Mediterranean: |
Karaada, Salih, Kekova |
|
Straits: |
Bosphorus |
Links Black Sea to Marmara Sea |
| Dardanelles |
Links Marmara Sea to Aegean Sea |
|
Regions:
Map |
Seven geographical and administrative regions: |
Marmara,
Aegean,
Mediterranean,
Black Sea,
Central Anatolia,
East Anatolia,
Southeastern Anatolia |
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