Off-center asymmetric boundary, a/?D~10

• Shows the effects of a non-conforming conductor (cold plasma)

• Plasma is attracted to positive image charges on conductor

  • Consistent with minimum energy state, inconsistent with maximum energy state. Opposite of Penning trap1 and pure toroidal field trap2

? ? n

1. Notte et al. Phys. Rev. Letters 69, 3056 (1992). 2. O’Neil and Smith, Phys. Plas. 1, 2430 (1994).

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