ALTHEA.
 

AMARDUh.
 

 Ring ol  Calydon,  by  whom she  became  the

 mother of several  children,  and among others

 of Meleagee, upon whose death she killed her¬

 self.

   Alth-ea (now Orgaz I), the chief town of the

 Dlcades in the country of the  Oretani,  in His¬

 pania Tarraeonensis.

   Althemenes ('AXBrifievng or 'AXBaipevwg), son

 of Catreus, king of Crete.  In  consequence  of

 an oracle, that  Catreus would  lose Ills  fife  by

 one of bis children, Althemene3 quitted Crete

 and went to Rhodes.    There  he unwittingly

 killed his father, who had come  in search of  his

 son,

   Altinum (Altinas: now Altino), a wealthy

 municipium  in  the land of the Veneti in  the

 north of  Italy, at tho mouth of the River Silis

 and on  the  road  from Patavium  to  Aquileia,

 was a wealthy  manufacturing  town, and  the

 3hief emporium  of all the  goods  which were

 sent from Southern Italy to the  countries of the

 north.  Goods could be brought from Ravenna

 to Altinum  through the Lagoons  and the nu¬

 merous canals of the Po, safe from storms and

 pirates.   There  were  many  beautiful  villas

 around the town.  (Mart, iv, 25.)

   Altis ("AXrig), the sacred grove  of Jupiter

 (Zeus) at Olympia.

   Aluntium  or Haluntium (fAtoiimov),  a town

 on the north  coast of Sicily, not  far from Calac-

 ta, on a steep hill, celebrated for its wine.

   Alus  or Halus  ("AXog, "AXog: 'AXevg: ruins

 near Kefalosi), a town in  Phthiotis in Thessaly,

 at the extremity of Mount Othrys, built by the

 hero Athamas.

   Alyattes  ('AXvuTTng),  king  of  Lydia, B.C.

 617-660,  succeeded his  father  Sadyattes, and

 was himself  succeeded  by his son  Croesus.  He

 carried on war with Miletus from  617  to 612,

 and with Cyaxares, king  of  Media, from 590 to

 685; an eclipse of the  sun, which happened in

 585, during  a battle between Alyattes and Cy¬

 axares, led to a peace between them.   Alyattes

 drove the Cimmerians out  of  Asia and took

 Smyrna.  The tomb of Alyattes, north  of Sar-

 dis, near the Lake Gygaea, which  conaisted of

 a large mound of  earth,  raised  upon a  founda¬

 tion of great stones, still exists. Mr. Hamilton

 says that it took him about ten  minutes  to ride

 round its base, which  would give  it a  circum¬

 ference of nearly a mile.

   Alyba ('AXvBrf), a town on the south coast of

 the Euxine.  (Horn, B, ii, 857.)

   Alypius ('AXvvwg),  of Alexandrea, probably

 lived in the fourth  century of the Christian era,

 and is the author  of a Greek musical treatise,

 called "Introduction to Music"  (elaayoyr) pov-

 oinrj), printed by Meibomius in Antiques Musicas

 Auctores Septem, Amstel, 1652.

   Alyzia or Alyzea, ('AXvfta,  ,'AXv&a: 'AXv-

 Calog: ruins  in the  Valley of Kandili), a town in

 Acarnania, near the sea,  opposite  Leucas, with

 a harbor  and a temple  both sacred  to Hercules.

 The temple  contained one of the works of Ly-

 sippus, representing the  labors  of  Hercules,

 which the Romans carried^off.

   Amadocus ('ApddoKog)  or Medoous (Mj^ookoc).

11. King of the Odrysss in Thrace, when Xeno-

 phon visited tue country  in B.C. 400.   He and

 Seuthes, who were the  most  powerful  Thracian

 kings, were  frequently at variance, but were

           4
 

reconciled to one  another by TLrasybulus, th«

Athenian  commander, in 390,  and induced  by

him to become the allies of Athens.—2. A ruler

in Thrace, who, in conjunction with Berisadea

and Cersobleptes, succeeded Cotys in 358.

  Amagetobria.   Vid. Magetobria.

  [Amalohius Ooeanus,  a part of the Northern

Ocean, extending, according to Hecatams,  along

the coast of Scythia.]

  [Amallobeiga (now probably Medino del Ri

Seco),  a city of  the Vaceaei, in  Hispania Tarra

conensis.]

  Amalthea ('Ap&XBeia).  1. The  nurse of the

infant  Jupiter (Zeus)  in Crete.  According to

some traditions, Amalthea  is  the  goat  which

suckled Jupiter  (Zeus), and which was reward

ed by being placed among the stars.  Vid. EgA.

According to others,  Amalthea was a nymph,

daughter  of  Oceanus, Helios, Haemonius, or  of

the  Cretan  king,  Melisseus,  who  fed Jupiter

(Zeus) with the milk of a goat.   When this goat

broke  off one of her  horns, Amalthea filled-it

with fresh herbs and gave it to Jupiter (Zeus),

who placed it among the stars.  According to

other accounts, Jupiter (Zeus) himself broke off

one of the horns  of the goat Amalthea, and gave

it to the daughters of Melisseus, and endowed

it with the wonderful power of becoming  filled

with whatever the possessor might wish.   This

is the  story about the origin of the celebrated

horn of Amalthea, commonly called the Horn of

Plenty or Cornucopia, which  was used in later

times  as  the symbol of plenty; in  general.—2.

One of the  Sibyls, identified  with  the Oumaaasa

Sibyl,  who  sold to  King  Tarquinius the cele

brated Sibylline books.

  Amaltheum or Amalthea,  a villa of Attica

on  the River Thyamis in  Epirus, was perhapj

originally a  shrine of  the nymph  Amalthea,

which Attieus adorned  with  statues and  bass-

reliefs, and  converted into a beautiful summer

retreat    Cicero,  in  imitation, constructed  a

similar retreat on his estate at Arpinum.

  Amantia ('A/iavTia: Amantlnus,  Amantianus,

or  Amantes, pi: now Nivitza), a  Greek  town

and district in lllyricum: the town, said to have

been founded by the Abantes of Eubcea, lay at

some distance from the coast, east of Orieum.

  Amanus (6 'Afiavbg, rb 'Apavbv: 'Ajiavirng,

Amaniensis: now Almadagh), a branch of Mount

Taurus, which runs from the head of the Gulf

of Issus northeast  to the principal chain divid¬

ing Syria from  Cilicia and Cappadocia.  There

were two passes in it; the one, called the Syr¬

ian Gates (al ivplai nxiXai, Syriae Portae: now

Bylan), near the  Bea;  the  other,  called flw

Amanian Gates ('Apavib'eg or 'Apavtnal wtiA. t.

Amanicss  PyUe, Portae  Amani  Montis: no^v

Bmnir Kapu, i. e,  the Iron Gate), further to the

north.  The former pass was on the road from

Oilieia to  Antioch, the latter on that to the dis¬

trict Oommagene;  but, on  account of its  great

difficulty, the latter pass was rarely used, until

the Romans made a road through  it.  The in

habitants of Amanus were wild banditti.

  Amaedi or Mardi ("A/japootjMapoM^apower-

ful, warlike, and predatory tribe, who dwelt on

the south shore of the Caspian Sea.

  Amardus or Mardus ("Apapdog, T&dpdog: now

Kizil Ozien or SefidRud), a river flowing through

the country of the Mardi into the Caspian Sea.

                               4<>