I'URICUM
 

TYDEUS
 

sit  911 the Had from Caesaraugusta to Numan-

aa  It possessed a fountain, the water ofwhich

was  said  to be  very excellent  for hardening

ron.

  [Tcricum (Turicensis, now  Zurich), a town

in the territory ofthe Helvetii, on the Limagus

(now Limmat).]

  Turnus (Tbpvog).  1. Son  of Daunus  and

Venilia, and king of the Rutuli  at the time of

the arrival of iEneas in Italy.   He was a broth¬

er of Juturna, and related  to Amata,  the wife

of King Latinus ;  and he fought against iEneas

because Latinus  had given to the Trojan hero

his daughtei Lavinia, who  had been previously

promised to Turnus.  He appears in the Mneid

us a brave warrior; but in the  end  he  fell by

tbe hand  of iEneas—2. A  Roman  satiric poet,

was a native of Aurunca, and  lived under Ves¬

pasian and Domitian.  We possess thirty hex¬

ameters, forming a portion of, apparently, a long

satiric poem, the subject being an enumeration

of the crimes  and abominations  which charac¬

terized the reign of Nero.  These lines are as¬

cribed by some modern scholars  to Turnus.

  Turnus Herdonius.  Vid. Herdonius.

  Turones, Turoni or Turonii,  a people in the

interior of Gallia Lugdunensis, between the Au¬

lerci, Andes, and Pictones.  Their chief town

was CassARODUNUM, subsequently Turoni (now

Tours), on the Liger (now  Loire).

  Tuepilius,   Sextus,  a  Roman dramatist,

whose  productions belonged to the department

of Comcedia Palliata.  The titles of thirteen or

fourteen  of his plays have been preserved, to¬

gether with a few fragments.  He died, when

very old, at Sinuessa in B.C.  101.  He stands

seventh  in the  scale of Volcatius Sedigitus.

Vid.  Sedigitus   [His fragments are  collected

in Bothe's Poeta Scenici Latinmum, vol. vi., p.

77-94.]

  Turpio, L.  Ambivius, a very celebrated actor

in the time of Terence, in  most  of whose plays

he acted.

  Tureis IIannibalis (ruins at Bourj Salektah),

a castle  on the  coast of  Byzaeena, between

Thapsus  and Acholla, belonging to Hannibal,

who embarked here when  he fled to  Antiochus

the Great.

  TCEEIS StUATONIS.  Vid. CffiSAEEA, No 3.

  Tuscania (Tuscaniensis  : now Toscanella), a

town of Etruria, on the River Marta, rarely men¬

tioned by ancient writers, but celebrated in mod¬

ern times on account of the great number of

Etruscan antiquities which have been discov¬

ered in its ancient tombs.

  Tusci, Tuscia. Vid. Eteueia

  Tusculum (Tusculanus:  ruins near Frascati),

an  ancient town  of Latium, situated about

ten miles southeast of Rome, on  a lofty sum¬

mit of the mountains, which are  called after the

town Tusculani Montes, and which  are a con¬

tinuation  of  Mons Albanus   Tusculum  was

one of the most  strongly fortified  places in all

Italy, both by  nature and by art.  It is  said to

have been founded by Telegonus, the  son of

Ulysses ; and it was always  one  of the most

important of the Latin towns.   Its importance

In the time of the Roman kings  is shown by

Tarquinius Supeibus  giving  his  daughter  in

marriage to Octavius Mamilius, the chief of Tus-

eulum.   At a later time it became a Roman

         58
 

municipium, and was the birth-place ol seveia,

distinguished Roman families.  Cato  tbe cen¬

sor was a native of Tusculum.  Its proximity

to Rome,  its salubrity, and the beauty  of its

situation made  it  a favi rite  residence of tne

Roman  nobles  during  the  summe/.  Cicero,

among others, had a favorite villa at this place,

which he frequently mentions under the name

of Tuscui.asum.  The site of this villa  is not

exactly  known; some  placing  it near Giotta

Ferrata, on the road from Frascati to the Alban

Lake, and others near La Rufinella.  The ruin&

of ancient Tusculum are situated on the sum

mit of the mountain, about two miles  above

Frascati.

  Tuticands, a Roman poet and a  friend A

Ovid, who had  translated into Latin verse a

portion of the Odyssey.

  Tutzis (ruins at Garshee or Gucrfey Hassan),

a city in the Dodecaschcenus, that is, the  part

of iEthiopia immediately above Egypt, on the

western bank ofthe Nile, north of Pselcis, and

south of Talmis.

  Tyana (Tvava : Tvavevg: ruins at Kiz Hisar),

a city of Asia Minor, stood in the south of Cap¬

padocia, at the northern foot  of Mount Taurus,

on  the high road to the Cilician Gates, three

hundred stadia fiom Cybistra, and four hundred

from  Mazaca, in  a position of great natural

strength, which was improved by fortifications.

Under Caracalla it was made a Roman colony.

In B.C. 272 it was  taken by Aurelian,  in the

war with Zenobia,  to whose territory it then

belonged.   Valens made  it the chief city of

Cappadocia Secunda.  In its  neighborhood was

a great temple of Jupiter, by the side  of a  lake

in a swampy plain ;  and near the temple was a

remarkable effervescing spring called Asmabae-

on.  Tyana was the native place of Apollonius,

the supposed worker of miracles   The  south¬

ern district of  Cappadocia, in  which the  city

stood, was called Tyanitis

   Tyche.  Vid Foetuna.

   Tyche.  Vid. Syracuse.

   [Tychius (T^rioc), of Hyle, a mythical artifi¬

cer, mentioned by  Homer  as  the maker of

Ajax's shield of seven ox-hides, covered with a

plate of brass ]

   Tydeus (Tvbevg), son of CEneus, king of Caly¬

don, and  Peribcea.   He was obliged to leave

Calydon in consequence of some murder which

he had  committed,  but which is differently de¬

scribed by the  different  authors, some saying

that he killed his father's brother, Melas, Lyco-

peus, or Alcathous; others, that he slew Thoaa

or Aphareus, his mother's brother; others, that

he slew his brother Olenias ; and others, again,

that he killed the sons of Melas, who had revolt¬

ed against CEneus.   He fled to Adrastus at Ar¬

gos, who purified  him from the  murder, and

gave him his daughter Deipyle in marriage, by

whom he became the father of Diomedes, who

is hence  frequently called Tydides.  He ac¬

companied Adrastus in the expedition against

Thebes, where  he was wounded by Melanippus,

who, however, was  slain by  him.  When  Tyd¬

eus Jay on the ground wounded, Minerva (Athe¬

na) appeared to him with a remedy  which she

had received from Jupiter (Zeus), and which

was to make  him  immortal.  This, hewever,

was prevented  by  a stratagem of Amphiaraus

                                aia