CHAPTER XIII.

MODERN  FIRE   AP1'.\R.\TUS   AND   M.\NUF.'\CTURERS.

FiRsr   .Americ.vn   Home-XPvde   .Vpi'.vR.vrus—Introduition  of  Steamers—
iNi-RE.vsKD .Arp.vRATi-s Manuk.vcture—.Americ.vx P^ire Engine Company

.■\.NI>   THE .XI.VKERS    CoMI'osiNG    If—(3LEASON    &   15.VILEX-    iXI.VNUF.VCIURIXG

Company—Ladder Trucks—Che.mic.vl Eniunes—The Holi.oxvav Appa¬
ratus—Hakhkn Hand Grenadi:s—Che.mic.vl Exgixes—XX'ater Towers
—YiRV. Bo.Vis—Gamewkll Fire .Al.vrm Telkgr.vph—IIosk Manufac¬
ture—The Ball Nozzle—HoseC.vrrlvgls—Swini; H.vrness—The Loeb
Respirator.

JRIEP" mention has been made in an earlier chapter of the simple
apparatus available for the extinguishment of fire a century
ago. .A full inquir)- into the progress of fire apparatus is
rather a matter of curious interest than an appropriate feature
of this volume. But the more recent steps taken in this direction by
the enterprising .American manufacturers, who lead the world In this field,
are too vitally connected xvith the topic of this xvork not to receive some
attention.

Nexv A ork, Boston and Philadelphia, in the order named, were the
first American cities to produce home-made ajjparatus, as the)' did dur¬
ing the early and middle portion of the last century. Previous to the
Revolutionary war the foreign-made apparatus xvas still jireferred to the
domestic, because of its superior workmanship ; but the stimulus to
both enterprise and patriotism that came with the new national life at
the close of that struggle soon gave the American makers the home mar¬
ket, which they have kept ever since by the continuous excellence and
novelty of their successive productions. It was not until about 1820,
hoxvever, that significant improvements xvere made ; but at that time a
new era was introduced in fire fighting by the manufacture of the first
successful suction engine, by Sellers & Pcnnock, of  Philadelphia.    The