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Title |
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Self-Heated Pavements
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Participants |
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- Sherif L. Abdelaziz (PI),
- Huiming Yin
- David P. Orr
- Jon Longtin
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Summary |
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Lose of vehicle control in New York State during winter time increases transportation-related fatalities and injuries. In fact, about 25% of transportation related fatalities in New York State occur in winter time due to icy road conditions. In addition to their high safety hazards, icy roads limit the growth of the economy in New York State — and other northern states — since they reduce the capacity of major highways due to slow traffic, accidents, or road closures. Further, road closures in extreme snowstorms constrain the mobility and accessibility of people, public transit, and emergency vehicles which increases the social hazards. Aiming to overcome all hazards associated with icy-roads, New York State implements various techniques for highway deicing such as (1) spraying roads with deicing salts which deteriorate pavement materials and increase the salinity of ground water streams, (2) using the extremely expensive porous asphalts for better vehicle control and faster snow and ice clearing compared to conventional pavements. Without the environmentally hazardous deicing salts or the expensive asphalt mixes, this project presents another technique to assure that icy-roads do not form in winter.
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Object |
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- The ultimate goal of this project is to construct self-heated pavements for ice-free pavement surfaces in winter. Ice will not form or accumulate on roads if the pavement temperature is maintained above 32oF — with an adequate margin — at all times. In order to heat pavements using a sustainable and clean energy source, this project targets the use of the thermal energy stored within soil layers in the top 200 ft of the ground — known as the shallow geothermal energy.
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Plan |
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- The idea is to bury small diameter loops in pavement’s base layer which will be connected to ground loops installed — either vertically or horizontally — at the highway sides. The thermal energy from the ground will be collected and used to heat pavement sections via a geothermal fluid circulated using a circulation pump. The circulation pump will be energized using a solar system composed of solar panels charging an electrical battery. The challenges facing the field implementation of the proposed self-heated pavement technique are; (1) Structurally: the potential of forming humps in the pavement surface above the loop locations due to differences in the loop and pavement rigidity, and (2) Thermally: the success to design the pavement loops to assure ice-free pavement surfaces at all times under extremely low ambient temperatures and heavy snow falling rates. Realizing the multidisciplinary nature — geothermal, solar, and pavement structure — of these challenges, SUNY-Stony Brook leads a research team which includes researchers from Columbia University, and Cornell University targeting the development of preliminary design guidelines for the proposed self-heated pavements technology. At the end of this research, detailed guidelines for the design of self- heated pavements will be provided including ideal pavement loop geometry for ice-free pavement surface and acceptable surface deformations, thermal energy requirements for sizing ground loops and the solar system. Further, cost-benefit analysis will be summarized for the proposed self-heated pavements.
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Approach |
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- Huiming Yin of Columbia University will contribute mainly towards advanced 3D modeling of self-heated pavement under moving traffic loading. In these models, the ideal pavement loop geometry — spacing, diameter, depth, and length — will be provided to Dr. Yin from SUNY-Stony Brook based on simplified 2D finite element models. 2D models are proposed to perform preliminary parametric analysis which will be faster and simpler than detailed 3D models in defining acceptable upper and lower limits for various parameters. 3D models will then be used to validate and refine these upper and lower limits to assure acceptable pavement surface deformations. The 3D models shall incorporate the anisotropic base material behavior [1] and temperature dependent HMA modulus [2, 3] subjected to moving constant load [4].
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References |
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- Wang, H. and I.L. Al-Qadi, Importance of Nonlinear Anisotropic Modeling of Granular Base for Predicting Maximum Viscoelastic Pavement Responses under Moving Vehicular Loading. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2013. 139(1): p. 29-38.
- L., A.-Q.I., H. Wang, and E. Tutumluer, Dynamic analysis of thin asphalt pavements utilizing cross-anisotropic stress-dependent properties for granular layer. Transportation Research Record, 2010. 2154: p. 156-163.
- Wang, H. and I.L. Al-Qadi, Impact quantification of wide-basetire loading on secondary road flexible pavements. Journal Transportaion Engineering, 2011. 137(9): p. 630-639.
- Yoo, P.J. and I.L. Al-Qadi, Truth and myth of fatigue cracking potential in hot-mix asphalt: Numerical analysis and validation. Journal of Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technology, 2008. 77: p. 549-590.
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