DACTYLl.
 

UALMAIlA
 

 by the  payment of  tribute.  Trajan delivered

 the *mpire from this disgrace; -he crossed  the

 Damibe, and after a war of five years (A.D. 101-

 106), conquered the eountry, made it a Roman

 province, and colonized it with inhabitants from

 all parts of the emj ire.  At a later period Dacia

 was invaded by the Goths ; and as Aurelian eon-

 aid sred it  more prudent to  make the Danube

 Hje boundary of the empire,  he resigned Dacia

 to the barbarians, removed the Roman inhabit¬

 ants to Mcesia, and gave the name of Dacia (Au-

 reliani) to  that part  of the  province along  the

 Danube where they were settled.

  Dactyli (AaKrvXoi), fabulous beings, to whom

 the discovery of iron and the art of  working it

 by means  of fire  were ascribed.  Their name

 Dactyls,  that  is, Fingers, is  accounted  for in

 various ways :  by  their number  being  five or

 ten, or by the fact of their serving Rhea just as

 the fingers  serve the hand, or by the story of

 their  having lived at  the foot (isv SaKrvXoig) of

Mount Ida in Phrygia as the original  seat of the

Dactyls, whence they are usually called Idaean

Dactyls.  In Phrygia they were connected with

the worship of Rhea.  They are sometimes con¬

founded  or  identified with the  Curetes, Cory-

bantes,  Cabiri,  and  Telehines. This confusion

with  the Cabiri also accounts for Samothrace

being  in  some accounts described as their resi¬

dence.  Other  accounts transfer them to Mount

Ida in Crete, of which island they are said to

have  been the original inhabitants. Their num¬

ber appears to have been originally three :  Cel-t

»t*.(the  smelter), Bamnameneus (the hammer),

and Acmon (the anvil).  Their number was aft¬

erward increased to five, ten (five male and five

female), fifty-two, and one hundred.

  Dadastana (b AaSaordva: now Torbaleh or

Kestabeg ?), a fortress on the borders of Bithynia

and Galatia, where  the  Emperor Jovian died

suddenly, A.D. 364.

  [Dadio-e  (AabiKai), a. tribe of the Persian

empire, who formed part of the seventh satrapy

of Darius.]

  D-edala (rd  AaQ?\a), a city in Asia Minor,

upon  the Gulf  of  Glaucus, on the borders of

Caria  and Lycia.  The  same name  was given

to a mountain ovc^anging the town.

  [D-edaliow (.4?ibaXlav),  son of Lucifer,  and

father of  Chiim,  who was   slain  by Diana.

Daadalion, out of grief at her death, threw him¬

self from IVj'jassus,  but was  changed into a

 falcon.]

 , D-edali'3 (AaiSaXbg). •  1. A mythical person¬

 age, under vrhose name the  Greek writers per¬

 sonified the earliest development of the arts of

 sculpture and  architecture,  especially among

 the Athenians  and  Cretans.   The ancient writ¬

 ers generally represent Daedalus as an Athenian,

 ef the royal race  of  the Ereehthldae.   Others

 called him  a Cretan, on account of the long time

 he lived in  Crete.  He is said to have been  the

 eon of Metion, the son of Eupalamus, the  son

 of Eiechtheus.   Others make  him the son of

 Eupalamus or of  Palamaom   His  mother is

 ealled Aleippe, or  Iphinoe, or Phrasimede.   He

 devoted ihimself to sculpture, and made great

 improvements  in the art.  '  He 'instructed  his

 sister's son, Calos,  Talus, or  Perdix, who soon

 came to  surpass him in skill  and  ingenuity,  and

 Daedalus killed him through envy.  Vid. Perdix.

            210
 

 Being condemned to death by the  AKopagts

 for this murder,  he  went to Crete,  where  th«

 fame of his skill  obtained for him the friendship

 of Minos.   He made  the well-known  wooden

 cow for Pasiphae ;  and  when  Pasiphae gave

 birth to the Minotaur, Daedalus constructed  the

 labyrinth at Cnosus in which the  monster was

 kept.  For his  part  in this affair, Dsedalus wail

 imprisoned  by Minos ; but Pasiphae released

 him, and, as Minos had seized  all the ship? on

 the coast of Crete, Daedalus procured wings for

 himself and his son  Icarus,  and fastened them

 on with wax.  Daedalus himself flew safe over

 the  Egean, but,  as  Icarus  flew too near  the

 sun, the wax by which his wings were fastened

 on was melted, and he dropped down and was

 drowned in  that part of the Egean  which was

 ealled after him the Iearian Sea.  Daedalus fled

to Sicily, where he was protected by Coealus,

 the king of the  Sicani.  When Minos heard

where Daedalus had taken refuge, he  sailed with

 a great fleet to Sicily, where  he was treacher

ously murdered by Coealus or hie daughters. Ac¬

 cording to some accounts, Daedalus first alighted

in his flight from Crete  at  Cumae in Italy, where

he erected a temple to Apollo, in which he ded¬

icated  the wings  with which he had fled from

 Crete.  Several other works of art were  attrib¬

uted to Daedalus, in Greece, Italy,  Libya, and

the islands  of the Mediterranean.  They belong

to the period when art began to be developed.

The  name of Bedala was given by the Greeks

to the ancient wooden  statues, ornamented with

gilding and bright colors and real drapery, which

were the earliest known forms of the images of

the gods, after the mere blocks of wood or stone,

which were at first used for' symbols  of them.—

 2. Of Sicyon, a statuary in bronze, son and dis¬

ciple of Patrocles, flourished B.C. 400.

  Dah.e (Adai), a great  Scythian people, who

led a nomad life over a great extent of country

on the east  of the Caspian, in  Hyrcania (whieh

still bears the name of Baghestan), on the bank}

of the Margus, the Oxus, and even the Jaxartes.

 Some of them served  as cavalry  and  horse-

 archers in  the  armies  of  Darius Codomannus,

Alexander,  and Antioehus the  Great, and they

 also made good foot-soldiers.

  Daimaohus (Aatpaxog),  of Plataaae, was sent

by  Seleueus as  ambassador to  Sandrocottus,

king of India, about B.C. 312, and wrote a work

on India, which is lost.

  [Daiphantus (Aa'tyavrog),  a Theban, slain at

Mantinea; his bravery and skill were indicated

by the fact that  Epaminondas, when mortally

wounded, named him as the one best qualified

to succeed to the command.]

  Dalmatia or DelmItia (AaXpar'ia: AaXparijg,

more anciently AaXparevg: now Balmata), a

part of the  country along the eastern coast of

 the Adriatic Sea included  under the  general

 name of Ulyricum, was separated from  Libur-

 nia on the north by the Titius (now Kerka), ana

 from  Greek  Blyria on the south by the Drile

 (now Brino), and  extended inland to  the Bebian

 mountains  and the  Drinus, thus nearly corre¬

 sponding to  the modern Balmatia.    The capita,

 was Dalminium or Delminium, from which  thr

 eountry derived its  name,' The next most  im

 pertant town was Salona, the residence of Dio¬

 cletian.  The  Dalmatians were a  brave  and