DIANE, DYANE. Diana is the Roman goddess identified with Artemis, the Greek goddess of the hunt. Like Artemis, she is Apollo's sister, goddess of the moon, of chastity, of hunting, and of childbirth. Any nymph in her train or priestess in her temple who strayed from her path was immediately punished. She was known as the Triple Goddess, or Trivia, in her three forms as Diana, Proserpina, and Hecate. Sometimes her aspect as Lucina took the place of Hecate (Met III.155-164; XV.196-198; OM III.337-570).

The triple goddess appears on the walls of Diane's oratory, KnT 2056-2086, as Diane, Lucina, and Proserpina. The description of the oratory is based on the anti-Diana passages in Tes VII.61, which describe Venus's temple, and Tes VII.79, 90. Emelye's rites, KnT 2272-2294, are paraphrased from Tes VII.71-92. Emelye prays to Diana as the goddess of the three forms, KnT 2313. The maiden Stymphalides is slain clinging to Diane's altar, FranklT 1387-1394; Jerome tells this story in his Epistola adversus Jovinianum (Letter Against Jovinian) I.41 (PL 23: 271). The Dreamer sees the many broken bows of maidens who have broken their vows to Dyane the chaste in Venus's temple, PF 281-287. Troilus invokes Diane, Tr III.731-732. Cassandra tells Troilus that the boar ravaged Calydonia because the Greeks there had neglected Diane's sacrifices, Tr V.1464-1470. [Atthalante: Attheon: Calistopee: Cinthia: Emelie: Latona: Lucina: Lucrece: Proserpina: Stymphalides]

Diane, the ME variant, occurs once initially, Tr V.1464; four times medially, KnT 2057, 2066, PF 81, Tr III.731; and once in final rhyming position, KnT 2063. Dyane, the OF variant, appears only in the Knight's Tale, once initially, KnT 2364; six times in medial positions, KnT 1912, 2051, 2066, 2072, 2296, 2346; and once in final rhyming position, KnT 1682. Dianes, the ME genitive case, occurs in medial position, FranklT 1390.