On this page (under construction) you'll find some useful handouts in PDF form. They deal with various aspects of Urdu orthography, transliteration, etc. In order to read them, you will need to download PDF reading software such as Adobe Acrobat. If you have any suggestions or find any errors in these materials, please email me.
Course Outline
Urdu Alphabet
Where Urdu Letters Come From
Aspirated Letters
Connectors and Non-Connectors
The Hes
Ghost Letters
Hamza
Izafat
Nasta`liq and Naskh