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with his face down instead of his eyes looking out at the audience.

He still does that to a certain extent.

I urged the people around him to beg him to look into the camera and to look out at people and to smile because he was very serious and looking down always. They gradually persuaded him to look out, and as he went along and drew more and more crowds, he got more confidence; and he became more effective as a speaker. In fact, he got to be pretty good as a speaker toward the end, don't you think?

Well, he really worked at this heroic job because New York is so big and New York City is so big. He worked really day and night. He has fantastic energy. Keating was ahead of him in the pools until very close to the end, and there was a great deal of discussion, as you recall, about the television debate.

Yes, the empty chair.

The empty chair debate. Keating really did this as a trick. He had intended really to devastate Kennedy with this trick. Kennedy's forces got onto the trick, and Kennedy appeared at the station. Really it was a boomerang for Keating.