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but with a heart of oak made Altman's give in. She stood right up to Mr. Altman, withdrew her account, laid the law down and spread the news all through her set that you musn't go to Altman's and that it was bad to go to Altman's.

The garment workers were trying to organize in the shops that had dressmaking establishments inside the store. That was one of the things that was true at Altman's and Macy's. They both had dressmaking, alteration rooms, and sewing trades generally. They tried to organize them and to some extent did. Anyone who joined the union was fired in a minute. There was no question about it - she was out the next morning.

We had to put ourselves to the test - would we support the union in these stores? We finally decided we would. So we got on all right with the women of the trade unions.

Mary Dreier and her sister, Margaret Robins, at some point, from working in hospitals and settlements in Brooklyn, got the idea that women needed the protection and benefit of a trade union. They were among the very earliest people to help people like Miss Barnum and Helen Todd. Helen Todd was an organizer. She was also a learned lady, a graduate of Smith, Chicago University or some place like that. Those women were bold about approaching the well-to-do for help because they belonged to the same outfit and could go to the