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HINDI
and URDU Since 1800: a Common Reader
by
Christopher Shackle
and
Rupert Snell
Original publication: School
of Oriental and African
Studies, University of London, 1990.
This etext is made available
through the generous permission of the
authors, and with thanks to Arthur Dudney for skilful technical
assistance.
*HISTORY*
*LINGUISTICS*
*TEXTS*
== 11. The Indo-Aryan context (p. 2)
== 12. The impact of Muslim rule (p. 3)
==
13. Medieval Hindi
(p. 4)
==
14. Classical Urdu
(p. 5)
*2:
The British Raj*
== 21. The impact of British rule
(p. 6)
== 22. The heyday of Urdu (p. 8)
== 23. The rise of modern Hindi (p. 10)
*3:
Before and after Independence*
== 31. The Urdu-Hindi-Hindustani
debate (p. 12)
== 32. Hindi in India (p. 13)
== 33. Urdu in India and Pakistan (p.
15)
*4:
The range of Hindi and Urdu*
==
41.
Hindustani-Urdu-Hindi (p. 17)
== 42. The range of Urdu (p. 17)
== 43. The range of Hindi (p. 19)
*BACK TO TOP*
PART II: THE LINGUISTIC
COMPONENTS OF HINDI AND URDU
*5:
The basic components of Hindi and Urdu*
==
51. Phonology (p. 24)
==
511. Hindi script and transcription (p. 26)
==
512. Urdu script and transcription (p. 27)
==
513. Hindi-Urdu contrasts (p. 27)
==
52. Lexicon (p. 28)
==
521. Indo-Aryan etymologies (p. 28)
== 522. Semantic range (p. 30)
== 523. Word formation (p. 31)
== 524.
Compounds (p. 32)
== 53. Morphology
(p. 32)
==
531. Pronouns (p. 32)
== 532. Parts of the verb (p. 33)
== 54. Syntax (p. 33)
== 541. Pre-modifiers (p. 34)
== 542. Indigenous resources (p. 34)
*6: The Sanskrit component*
== 61. Phonology and script (p. 36)
== 611. Sandhi
(p. 37)
== 612. Guna and Vrddhi (p. 38)
== 62. Lexicon (p. 39)
== 621.
Prefixes (p. 39)
== 622. Suffixes (p. 41)
== 623. Vowel changes (p. 43)
== 624. Numerals (p. 43)
== 625. Compounds (p. 43)
== 63. Morphology (p. 44)
== 631. Gender
(p. 45)
== 632. Adjectives (p. 45)
== 633. Pronouns (p.45)
== 64. Syntax (p. 45)
*7: The Arabic component*
== 71. Phonology (p. 47)
== 72. Lexicon (p. 48)
== 721.
Derived verbal forms (p. 50)
== 722. Other derived forms
(p. 51)
== 73. Morphology (p. 52)
== 731. Gender
(p. 52)
== 732. Declension (p. 52)
== 733. Duals and sound plurals (p. 53)
== 734. Broken plurals (p. 54)
== 735. Adjectives (p. 56)
== 74. Syntax (p. 57)
== 741.
Possessive phrases (p. 57)
== 742. Prepositional phrases
(p. 58)
== 743. Arabic
sentence-structure (p. 59)
*8:
The Persian
component*
== 81. Phonology (p. 60)
== 811. Script (p.
61)
== 82. Lexicon (p. 62)
== 821. Prefixes (p.
62)
== 822. Suffixes (p. 63)
== 823. Verbal suffixes (p. 65)
== 824. Numerals (p. 67)
== 825. Compounds (p. 67)
== 83. Morphology (p. 68)
== 831. Nouns (p. 68)
== 832. Adjectives (p. 68)
== 833. Pronouns (p. 69)
== 834. Verbs (p. 69)
== 84. Syntax (p. 70)
== 841. Izafat
phrases (p. 70)
== 842. Copular phrases (p. 70)
== 843. Prepositional phrases (p. 71)
== 844. Compound prepositions (p. 71)
== 845. Phrase-verbs (p. 72)
== 846. Sentence structure (p. 72)
*9: The English
component*
== 92. Lexicon (p.
75)
== 921. Word-building (p. 75)
== 922. Use of English loans (p. 75)
== 923. Calques from English (p. 76)
== 93. Morphology (p. 77)
== 94. Syntax (p. 77)
*Bibliography*
*BACK
TO TOP*
PART III: THE TEXTS
1. *(U)
Mir Amman, Bag o bahar (1801)*;
*text*
2. *(H)
Insha Allah Khan, Rani Ketki ki
kahani (c. 1803)*; *text*
3. *(U)
Mirza Asadullah
Khan Ghalib, Letter to Tafta
(1862)*; *text*
4. *(U)
Sayyid Ahmad Khan, Musafiran-e Landan
(1869)*; *text*
5. *(H)
Bharatendu Harishchandra, Dilli
darbar darpan (1877)*; *text*
6. *(U)
Altaf Husain Hali, Muqaddama
(1893)*; *text*
7. *(H)
Badrinarayan Chaudhri Premghan, Hamari
desh ki bhasha aur aksar (1895)*; *text*
8. *(H)
Balmukund Gupta, Hindi men 'bindi'
(1900)*; *text*
9. *(U) D.
C. Phillott, Xwab o xayal
(1910)*; *text*
10. *(U)
Abdul Haq, Qava'id-e urdu
(1914)*; *text*
11. *(U)
Abdul Halim Sharar, Guzashta Lakhnau
(c.1920)*; *text*
12. *(H)
Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi, Kavi kartavya
(1921/22)*; *text*
13. *(U)
Mirza Farhatullah Beg, Nazir Ahmad
ki kahani (c.1925)*; *text*
14. *(U)
Abul Kalam Azad, Tarjuman ul-Quran
(1930)*; *text*
15. *(H)
Premchand, Urdu hindi aur hindustani
(1939)*; *text*
16. *(H)
M. K. Gandhi, Correspondence with P. D. Tandon (1945)*; *text*
17. *(H)
Ramchandra Varma, Acchi hindi
(1946)*; *text*
18. *(U)
Sajjad Zaheer, Urdu hindi hindustani
(1947)*; *text*
19. *(H)
Rajendra Prasad, Atmakatha
(1947)*; *text*
20. *(H)
Rahul Sankrityayan, Meri jivan-yatra
(1952)*; *text*
21. *(H)
Harivanshray Bachchan, Kya bhulun
kya yad karun? (1969)*; *text*
22. *(U)
Kausar Niyazi, Urdu zaban ki ahamiyat
(1972)*; *text*
23. *(H)
Ramvilas Sharma, Nirala ki
sahitya-sadhana (1972)*; *text*
24. *(U)
Ain ul-Haq Faridkoti, Urdu zaban ki
qadim tarix (1972)*; *text*
*Hindi-English Glossary*
*Urdu-English Glossary*
*Index of Terms*
*BACK
TO TOP*
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