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I saw why the neighbors thought that McManus was a little lower than the angels. He paid the funeral bills when somebody died. I don't know how he made his money. At that time I didn't know how he made his money, and although historians know now, I never did look up McManus' history in detail.

He was obviously very much of a roughneck and not too bright, but he had risen, by being in the Senate a long time, chairman of the Labor and Industry Committee. Paul Kennedy said to me, “You'll just have to stick to it,” when I commented that we must have somebody better than McManus; “Harvey Ferris from Utica is a Democrat and a very highly educated, intelligent man,” I replied.

He said, “Well, you'll just make enemies all the way through if you go to him. He's junior and he just hasn't got the controls. After all the Tammany people have got the controls and you'd better go to McManus. He's chairman after all.”

We took the fifty-four hour bill to McManus and he said that sure, he'd introduce it. They fooled with that bill. They'd had it for two or three years and had never made any progress in getting out of committee. They fooled with it for two years after I went up there. That's