Microscopy, Cells, Organelles, Mitosis: Micrograph

Examine the electron Micrographs so that you understand the ultrastructural equivalents of the structures you have seen under the microscope.

Secretory Cell

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Secretory cell

The basal cytoplasm is filled with parallel cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and polyribosomes (see inset). The apex of the cell contains zymogenic secretory granules which are released into the lumen. Elements of the Golgi complex (G) are visible. (chief cell, gastric gland, monkey)
Weiss, L. ed., Cell and Tissue Biology, 6th ed., Urban & Schwarzenberg, Baltimore, 1988, p. 656.

 

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and Polyribosome Complexes

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Rough endoplasmic reticulum and polyribosome complexes

Small section of RER adjacent to the nucleus sectioned in two planes. The reticulum has turned within the section. In upper region membranes have been cut at right angles. In the center the reticulum has twisted. The large spiral cytoplasmic assemblies (arrows) are chains of ribosomes that form polyribosomes that are actively engaged in translation of the mRNA molecule. Ross MH and Pawlina W, Histology, 5th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 2006, p. 45.

 

Plasma Cell

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Plasma Cell

The plasma cell has an eccentric, largely heterochromatic nucleus with central nucleolus and heterochromatin clumped in a “clockface” or “wagon wheel” arrangement around the inner face of the nuclear membrane. There is extensive RER. Golgi complexes are typically visible. (bone marrow, guinea pig)
Fawcett DW, The Cell: An Atlas of Fine Structure, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1966, p. 153.

 

Junctional Complex

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Junctional Complex

Apical region of two adjoining epithelial cells showing the junctional complex. This consists of the tight junction (TJ) also known as the zonula occludens, the zonula adherens (ZA) and desmosome (D1 and D2). Actin filaments insert into the zonula adherens and intermediate filaments(IF) insert into the desmosome. Actin filaments extend into the microvilli and form a component of the terminal web (TW) at the apex of the cell.
Young, B & Heath, JW., Wheater’s Functional Histology, 4th ed., Churchill Livingstone, London, 2000, p. 88.

 

Microvilli

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Microvilli

Microvilli are apical extensions of the cell that are filled with actin. An extracellular coat (glycocalyx) is bound to the plasmalemma of the microvilli. The terminal web is a network that contains actin filaments, intermediate filaments and spectrin.
Junqueira, LC and Carneiro, J, Basic Histology 11th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2005. P. 72.

 

Microvilli in Cross Section

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Microvilli in cross section

Cross sectioned microvilli in apical region of cell of intestinal lining showing cores of actin. Note the outsides of the microvilli are covered with a glycocalyx (cell coat).
Junqueira, LC and Carneiro, J, Basic Histology 11th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2005. p. 72.

 

Tracheal Lining with Ciliated Cells

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Tracheal lining with ciliated cells

The ciliated cells have both microvilli (MV) and cilia, shown here cut in both longitudinal (C ) and cross sections (C’). Inset is cross sections of cilia, containing the axoneme (unit membrane ,UM). The goblet cell (bottom of micrograph) contains secretion droplets (MD) and organelles associated with elaboration of protein for export: (ER) and Golgi (G). The cytoplasm of the non-secretory ciliated cells contains scant Golgi and mainly smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). Fibroblasts (F), collagen (Co), elastic fibers (El).
Porter, KR and Bonneville, MA, Fine Structure of Cells and Tissues, 4th ed., Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1973, p. 38.

 

Cilia

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Apical portion of ciliated epithelium. Arrows (from left to right) indicate: central microtubule, peripheral microtubule of axoneme and plasma membrane. The axoneme comprises 9 peripheral microtubule doublets surrounding a central pair. Microvilli (Mv) are also present. Inset is cilia in cross section: Basal body (B).
Junqueira, LC and Carneiro, J, Basic Histology 11th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2005. p. 73.

 





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